SIST EN 609-1:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 609-1:2017
01-marec-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 609-1:1999+A2:2010
Kmetijski in gozdarski stroji - Varnost cepilnikov lesa - 1. del: Cepilniki s klinom
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Safety of log splitters - Part 1: Wedge splitters
Land- und Forstmaschinen - Sicherheit von Holzspaltmaschinen - Teil 1:
Keilspaltmaschinen
Matériel agricole et forestier - Sécurité des fendeuses de bûches - Partie 1: Fendeuses à
coin
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 609-1:2017
ICS:
65.060.80 Gozdarska oprema Forestry equipment
SIST EN 609-1:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017


EN 609-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

January 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 65.060.80 Supersedes EN 609-1:1999+A2:2009
English Version

Agricultural and forestry machinery - Safety of log splitters
- Part 1: Wedge splitters
Matériel agricole et forestier - Sécurité des fendeuses Land- und Forstmaschinen - Sicherheit von
de bûches - Partie 1 : Fendeuses à coin Holzspaltmaschinen - Teil 1: Keilspaltmaschinen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 October 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 609-1:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 List of significant hazards . 11
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Electrical equipment . 13
5.3 Control systems . 13
5.3.1 General . 13
5.3.2 Reliability of the control systems . 14
5.3.3 Ergonomic requirements of control actuators . 14
5.4 Starting and stopping of the power source . 15
5.4.1 General . 15
5.4.2 Stopping of other than electrically powered machines. 15
5.4.3 Stopping of the electrically powered machines . 15
5.5 Emergency stop . 15
5.6 Two-hand control device . 15
5.7 Power supply . 16
5.7.1 Electrically powered machines . 16
5.7.2 Machines powered by an external power supply . 16
5.7.3 Machines powered by an internal combustion engine . 16
5.7.4 Machines with two or more power supplies . 17
5.8 Hydraulic equipment . 17
5.9 Safe guarding of the splitting zone . 17
5.9.1 General . 17
5.9.2 Horizontal short log wedge splitter . 17
5.9.3 Horizontal long log wedge splitter . 22
5.9.4 Vertical short log wedge splitter . 27
5.9.5 Vertical long log wedge splitter . 33
5.10 Log holding requirements. 37
5.10.1 General . 37
5.10.2 Prior to and during the splitting . 38
5.10.3 After the splitting . 38
5.11 Return movement of the moving device of the splitter . 40
5.12 Log-handling device . 41
5.13 Requirements for hauling winches that can be attached to a wedge splitter . 42
5.14 Bluntness of edges . 43
5.15 Stability . 43
5.16 Transport and handling of the machine . 43
5.16.1 General . 43
5.16.2 Ergonomic requirements . 43
5.17 The guarding of power transmission from an external power source . 44
2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
5.18 Unprotected gravity moving objects with semi-automatically controlled movement . 44
6 Verification of safety requirements . 44
7 Information for use . 46
7.1 Marking of machine . 46
7.2 Warnings on machine . 46
7.3 Instruction handbook . 47
7.3.1 General . 47
7.3.2 Other information . 47
Annex A (normative) Log holding test for vertical log wedge splitters . 49
A.1 Long log wedge splitters – Test requirements for the log fixing device . 49
A.1.1 General . 49
A.1.2 Holding force . 49
A.2 Short log wedge splitters – Test requirements for the log fixing device . 50
A.2.1 General . 50
A.2.2 Holding force . 50
Annex B (normative) Examples of solutions and verification of the two-hand control device
for wedge splitters . 52
B.1 Prevention of accidental actuation and of defeat . 52
B.2 Example for prevention of defeat using one hand . 52
B.3 Example for prevention of defeat using hand and elbow of the same arm. 52
B.4 Example for prevention of defeat using the forearm(s) or elbow(s) . 53
B.5 Example for prevention of defeat using the hand and other parts of the body e.g.
knee(s) . 54
Annex C (normative) Testing requirements for hot exhaust surfaces and hot surfaces . 55
C.1 Temperature measuring equipment . 55
C.2 Method of test. 55
C.3 Test acceptance . 55
Annex D (normative) Stability test for log splitters equipped with a hauling winch . 57
D.1 General . 57
D.2 Lateral stability test and requirements . 57
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery . 58
Bibliography . 59

3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 609-1:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 609-1:1999+A2:2009.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2006/42/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
EN 609, Agricultural and forestry machinery — Safety of log splitters, is currently composed with the
following parts:
— Part 1: Wedge splitters;
— Part 2: Screw splitters.
The new edition of this standard proposes a new specific approach, which evaluates the dangers of
specifically this type of machine. Machines have been divided into four categories, which are machines
for short logs or long logs with splitting direction of horizontal or vertical to reflect the differences
concerning safety issues.
The main changes in this new edition are the following:
— four (4) different machine categories, which all have machine specific safety requirements and
options (Horizontal and Vertical – Long logs and Short logs);
— more specific interpretation of safety distances for these specific types of machines (EN 13857 and
machine specific distances);
— specific requirements for log handling, which includes holding before, during and after the splitting,
but also log lifting;
— improved ergonomic requirements, which consider the actual use of the machine;
— requirements for AOPD;
— requirements for hauling winches that can be, and often are, attached to the wedge splitters;
— new tests and verifications, how to interpret the standard.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
4

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
Introduction
The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows:
a) type-A standards (basic standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects
that can be applied to machinery;
b) type-B standards (generic safety standards) dealing with one or more safety aspects or one or more
types of safeguards that can be used across a wide range of machinery:
1) type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature,
noise);
2) type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand control device, interlocking devices, pressure-
sensitive devices, guards);
c) type-C standards (machinery safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a
particular machine or group of machines.
This document is a type “C” standard as defined in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built in accordance with the requirements of the
provisions of this type C standard.
5

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the safety requirements, and their verification for the design and
construction of horizontal and vertical wedge splitters, designed for splitting logs for firewood,
irrespective of the nature of the power source used. This standard deals with wedge splitters that are
designed so that the splitting operation is activated by one person only, however it is foreseeable that
other operators may be working with the machine e.g. for loading or unloading. In addition, it specifies
the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer.
This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
relevant to these machines when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which
are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Table 1).
This document is not applicable to machines that are designed for both cutting into length for splitting
and splitting for firewood.
This document is not applicable to wedge splitters which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 574:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Two-hand control devices - Functional aspects - Principles
for design
EN 691-1:2012, Safety of woodworking machines - Part 1: Common requirements
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators - Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators - Part 3: Control actuators
EN 12965:2003+A2:2009, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Power take-off (PTO)
drive shafts and their guards - Safety
EN 14492-1:2006+A1:2009, Cranes - Power driven winches and hoists - Part 1: Power driven winches
EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2006)
1)
EN 60529:1991 , Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61496-1:2013, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2012)

1) EN 60529:1991 is impacted by the stand-alone amendments EN 60529:1991/A1:2000 and EN 60529:1991/A2:2013 and
the corrigendum EN 60529:1991/corrigendum May 1993.
6

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
EN 61496-2:2013, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 2: Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) (IEC 61496-2:2013)
EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2013)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850)
EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery - Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds
of parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
EN ISO 14119:2013, Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards - Principles for
design and selection (ISO 14119:2013)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction
of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
IEC 60309 (all parts), Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes
2 )
ISO 3767-1:1998 , Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden
equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols
ISO 3767-2:2016, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden
equipment — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors
and machinery
ISO 11684, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles

2) ISO 3767-1:1998 is impacted by the stand-alone amendments ISO 3767-1:1998/Amd 1 2008 and
ISO 3767-1:1998/Amd 2 2012.
7

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following definitions apply.
3.1
wedge splitter
machine in which the log is split as the result of being pressed between a wedge (i.e. the cutting tool of
the machine) and a plate
Note 1 to entry: See Figures 1 to 4.

Figure 1 — Example of a horizontal short log wedge splitter

Figure 2 — Example of a horizontal long log wedge splitter
8

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)

Figure 3 —Example of a vertical short log wedge splitter

Figure 4 —Example of a vertical long log wedge splitter
3.2
horizontal wedge splitter
wedge splitter with an inclination of the splitting axis of between 0° to 30° to horizontal axis
3.3
vertical wedge splitter
wedge splitter with an inclination of the splitting axis of between 90° to 120° to the horizontal axis
9

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
3.4
automatic wedge splitter
wedge splitter in which, after the process is started, continuous feeding of the splitting zone, splitting of
the log and the discharge of the splitting zone is carried out without further operator intervention
3.5
semi-automatic wedge splitter
wedge splitter, in which a single splitting process is started by the operator actuating a control and the
splitting process is completed without further operator intervention
3.6
manual wedge splitter
wedge splitter in which a log is placed manually for splitting and the splitting movement is carried out
using a hold-to-run device
3.7
short log wedge splitter
wedge splitter in which the space between the foremost point of the splitting wedge and the pressure
plate or a log support plate is 550 mm or less
3.8
long log wedge splitter
wedge splitter in which the space between the foremost point of the splitting wedge and the pressure
plate or a log support plate is greater than 550 mm
3.9
pressure plate
moving part of the machine which pushes the log against a wedge
3.10
wedge
stationary or moving tool which causes the log to split
3.11
log support plate
stationary part of the machine against which the log is pushed by the moving wedge
3.12
splitting zone
area in which the log is being split
3.13
splitting bed
part of a horizontal wedge splitter on which the log is placed for splitting
3.14
log handling device
part of a wedge splitter, which is used for positioning or lifting the log for splitting e.g. hoist or winch
3.15
AOPD
active optoelectronic protective device
10

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 gives the significant hazard(s), the significant hazardous situation(s) and hazardous event(s)
covered by this document that have been identified by risk assessment as being significant for this type
of machine, and which require specific action by the designer or manufacturer to eliminate or reduce
the risk.
Attention is drawn to the necessity to verify that the safety requirements specified in this document
apply to each significant hazard presented by a given machine and to validate that the risk assessment
is complete.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards
No Hazards, hazardous situations and EN ISO 12100 Relevant
hazardous events subclause of
this
document
1 Mechanical hazards related to:
- machine parts or work pieces:
 a) shape; 6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13,
5.14, 5.18
 b) relative location; 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13,
5.18
 c) mass and stability (potential energy 5.10, 5.12,
of elements which may move under the 5.13, 5.16,
effect of gravity) 5.18
 d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
elements in controlled or uncontrolled 5.12, 5.13,
motion); 5.16, 5.18
 e) mechanical strength. 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13,
5.16
 - accumulation of energy inside the machinery:
 g) liquids and gases under pressure; 6.2.10, 6.3.5.4 5.7, 5.8
1.1 Crushing hazard  5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13,
5.17, 5.18
1.2 Shearing hazard 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13
1.3 Cutting or severing hazard 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13
1.4 Entanglement hazard 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.12, 5.13,
5.16, 5.17.
11

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------

SIST EN 609-1:2017
EN 609-1:2017 (E)
No Hazards, hazardous situations and EN ISO 12100 Relevant
hazardous events subclause of
this
document
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.9, 5.10, 5.11,
5.13, 5.16,
5.17
1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection 6.2.10 5.7, 5.8
hazard
2 Electrical hazards due to:
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts 6.2.9, 6.3.5.4 5.2, 5.3, 5.7.1
(direct contact)
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which 6.2.9 5.2, 5.3, 5
...