SIST ISO 16000-30:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-30
First edition
2014-09-01
Indoor air —
Part 30:
Sensory testing of indoor air
Air intérieur —
Partie 30: Essai sensoriel de l’air intérieur
Reference number
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, units, and abbreviations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols, units, and abbreviations . . 3
4 Objectives of odour evaluations and boundary conditions . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Clarification of the reasons for complaints from room occupants . 4
4.3 Determination of odour intensity occurring under special conditions . 4
4.4 Identification of sources . 4
4.5 Checking the success of remedial activities . 4
5 Principle . 5
6 Basic principle of the evaluation of indoor air . 5
6.1 Evaluation method selection . 5
6.2 Combination of evaluation methods . 5
6.3 Ways of testing . 6
6.4 Selection of the way of testing . 6
7 Sensory test methods. 7
7.1 Determination of acceptability . 7
7.2 Determination of intensity . 9
7.3 Determination of the hedonic tone .11
7.4 Odour quality.12
8 Measurement planning and requirements .13
8.1 Selection of panel members.13
8.2 Selection of measuring points . .13
8.3 Testing situation .14
8.4 Testing date .15
8.5 Odour-neutral recovery room for the panel .15
8.6 Sampling .15
8.7 Preparation of the testing log .16
9 Conducting the experiment .16
9.1 Preparation .16
9.2 On-site odour testing .16
9.3 Sampling and evaluation in the laboratory .17
10 Assessment .18
10.1 Accuracy of the sensory assessments .18
10.2 Interpretation of the results .19
11 Documentation .19
Annex A (normative) Training procedure for intensity assessments using a comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) Training procedure — Verification of olfactory function .24
Annex C (informative) Description of one possibility of a sampling and presenting device for air
samples out of emission chambers .26
Annex D (informative) Example for the set-up of a comparative scale .29
Bibliography .30
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air:
— Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy
— Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde — Diffusive sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations
— Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
(PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

— Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Collection on sorbent-backed
filters
— Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Extraction, clean-up and
analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
— Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO )
2
— Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by filtration
— Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Culture-based method
— Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by impaction
— Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds
— Part 20: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Determination of total spore count
— Part 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling from materials
— Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive
building materials
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products —
Micro-chamber method
— Part 26: Sampling strategy for carbon dioxide (CO )
2
— Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
— Part 27: Determination of settled fibrous dust on surfaces by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) (direct
method)
— Part 29: Test methods for VOC detectors
— Part 30: Sensory testing of indoor air
— Part 31: Measurement of flame retardants and plasticizers based on organophosphorus compounds —
Phosphoric acid ester
— Part 32: Investigation of buildings for pollutants and other injurious factors — Inspections
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 33: Determination of phthalates with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
— Part 34: Strategies for the measurement of airborne particles (PM 2,5 fraction)
— Part 35: Measurement of polybrominated diphenylether, hexabromocyclododecane and
hexabromobenzene
— Part 36: Test method for the reduction rate of airborne bacteria by air purifiers using a test chamber
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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Introduction
Buildings are constructed airtight for reasons of energy saving and efficiency. The natural ventilation
by infiltration and windows in airtight buildings does not ensure a sufficient air exchange for the well-
being of the occupants and to remove moisture. Indoor odours are more frequently becoming a cause for
user complaints. The sources of odours are mainly found inside, but odours also can be brought in from
outside the building. These include construction products, materials for interior design, and furnishing
including their emission and decomposition products, technical equipment, structural damage, animals,
and the occupants themselves. In closed rooms, persistent odours, the existence of which occupants
cannot control, are mostly considered objectionable. Exposure to such odours can lead to a decline in
both the well-being and productivity of the occupants.
This part of ISO 16000 describes the procedure for the determination of indoor odours with trained
or untrained panels. It describes assessment methods and planning, preparation, and execution of the
olfactory tests. It also includes criteria and requirements for selection of panel members.
The methods can be applied to sensory evaluation with regard to acceptability, intensity, and hedonics.
Olfactory tests of indoor air can either be conducted on site or in a laboratory. In the latter case, air
is collected from the site and transported to the laboratory in sampling containers. It is necessary to
record the physical conditions in the room during the testing or the sampling of the air, as they can
influence the perception of the odours.
Odour testing can be required for hygiene evaluations of indoor air. The evaluation of the reasonability
of an odour is an essential part of such an examination.
For the overall assessment of the indoor air, it is recommended that chemical tests be carried out in
addition to the sensory tests. This is due to the fact that sensory tests do not provide information about
possible health hazards. Chemical analyses are not discussed in this part of ISO 16000.
[12] [13]
This part of ISO 16000 is based on VDI 4302-1 and VDI 4302-2.
vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-30:2014(E)
Indoor air —
Part 30:
Sensory testing of indoor air
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16000 specifies sensory testing and the evaluation of indoor odours using human
panels. Sensory testing can be performed on site or in laboratories; in the latter case, by means of air in
sampling containers which were collected from the site.
The olfactory testing is appropriate for office and administration buildings, assembly halls, residential
buildings, and other habitable rooms in which the comfort and health of the occupants is of interest.
The test criteria in this part of ISO 16000 are not applicable to factory buildings and workshops or other
rooms in which odours unavoidably stem from the production processes (kitchens, bakeries etc.). If an
odour evaluation of such rooms is undertaken without the odour-producing processes, it is necessary to
take into account that there is a possibility that the processes have influenced and changed the odour of
the room through the adsorption of odorous compounds.
Sensory odour tests of indoor air can meet a variety of objectives. These include finding the cause(s) of
unpleasant or objectionable odours, determining the reasonability of odours and the usability of affected
rooms, and inspecting the results of renovation work. When seeking the cause of odours, it is wise to
conduct additional laboratory tests on samples of the component materials according to ISO 16000-28.
In the process of locating odour sources by means of olfactory tests, it is necessary to take into account
the fact that the odour compounds can accumulate on other surfaces, which exacerbates the problem.
NOTE A risk assessment is intended to be carried out to clarify that no harmful compounds are present in the
room. In some countries, an ethics committee can require this.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing — Specifications
ISO 5496, Sensory analysis — Methodology — Initiation and training of assessors in the detection and
recognition of odours
ISO 16000-8, Indoor air — Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing
ventilation conditions
ISO 16000-28, Indoor air — Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test
chambers
EN 13725, Air quality — Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, units, and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

3.1.1
odour
pleasant or unpleasant smell caused by chemical compounds emitting to indoor air
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.1, modified]
3.1.2
acceptability
assessment of an odour immission into indoor air, which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by values on a defined evaluation scale
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.2]
3.1.3
perceived intensity
parameter to assess odour intensity based on a comparative scale
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.3]
3.1.4
hedonic tone
odour effect which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to
“extremely unpleasant”
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.4]
3.1.5
panel selection
procedure to determine which persons are qualified as panel members
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.5]
3.1.6
sensory fatigue
form of adaptation in which a decrease in sensitivity occurs
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.6; ISO 5492:2008, 2.7]
3.1.7
sensory adaptation
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation
Note 1 to entry: Sensory adaption is reversible.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.7]
3.1.8
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects which is not reversible
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.8]
3.1.9
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained assessors performing the sensory assessment of the odour emission
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.9]
3.1.10
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities; and recruit, train; and monitor the assessors
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.10]
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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

3.1.11
panel member
person who is accepted to assess the odours
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.11]
3.1.12
untrained panel
panel consisting of members who assess the odour emission without any training on odorous references
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.12]
3.1.13
trained panel
panel consisting of members who are trained to judge the intensity of odour emission
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.13]
3.1.14
odour quality
comparative description of an odour with olfactory experience
EXAMPLE “There is a smell” or, “It smells burnt, rotten”, etc.
3.1.15
comparative scale
reference substance/air-mixtures with increasing concentration of the reference substance
Note 1 to entry: The mixtures are assigned to a defined scale by olfactory assessment.
Note 2 to entry: The mixtures are labelled according to the olfactory assessment by the sensory odour panel
member to enable a comparative odour assessment of the sample air.
3.2 Symbols, units, and abbreviations
Symbol Name Unit
Π
perceived intensity odour intensity unit pi
n
total number of members of the sensory –
odour panel
n number of dissatisfied people –
d
PD
percentage of dissatisfied people %
4 Objectives of odour evaluations and boundary conditions
4.1 General
Before indoor air measurements are carried out, the objective of such measurements shall be clearly
defined and a list of possible objectives is given in the following:
— elucidating the reasons for complaints, optionally with special regard to guide values for indoor air;
— determination of the odour intensity occurring under special conditions;
— identification of odour sources;
— inspection of the success of restoration measures.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 3

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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Depending on the objective, different environmental conditions shall be maintained or recorded
before and during measurements. These environmental conditions principally relate to the ventilation
condition, the room temperature, and the relative humidity.
4.2 Clarification of the reasons for complaints from room occupants
In many cases, indoor air analyses are initiated by various types of complaints expressed by the room
occupants. Complaints of this type can range, e.g. from the perception of unknown and frequently
unpleasant odours, to headaches, nausea; or irritation of the nose, throat, or eyes.
For odour evaluations in naturally ventilated rooms, an intensive ventilation for 15 min is performed.
Afterwards, doors and windows are kept closed for about 8 h (optimally overnight) prior to measurement,
without additional sealing measures such as taping over window and door gaps. Measurements are then
performed (see ISO 16000-6) with the room still closed off. To obtain information on the effectiveness
of hourly intensive ventilation, the room is ventilated intensively after measuring by opening doors
and windows for 5 min. Doors and windows are reclosed, and after a waiting time of 1 h, further
measurement is performed.
When rooms which are ventilated by mechanical ventilation or air conditioning (VAC) systems are
investigated, the system shall be operated according to the building codes or other normative guidelines;
and the required ventilation shall be in operation at least for 3 h before the sampling is started. The
functioning of the ventilation system should be recorded or measured (see ISO 16000-8). For rooms
operated according to specified ventilation instructions (for example, schools and kindergartens where
windows have to be opened after specified time periods), one complete and typical operating cycle has
to be carried out prior to measurement. If room occupants make complaints during unusual conditions,
for clarification, measurements should also be performed under these conditions. The functioning
of the ventilation system shall be recorded or measured (see ISO 16000-8). The investigated spaces
should preferably be operated according to the building codes or design guidelines, and, especially in
complaint cases, any deviation shall be the reported. To obtain representative indoor air measurements,
it is essential to perform the measurement under the climate conditions under which the room being
investigated is usually used.
4.3 Determination of odour intensity occurring under special conditions
In some cases, it can also be of interest to obtain information on the odour intensity under special
conditions. Such special conditions can occur, firstly, if a room is used under unfavourable climatic
conditions, for example, at temperatures or relative humidity outside the comfort region without the
room occupants being able to alter this.
NOTE The conditions for thermal comfort of temperate climate are described in ISO 7730. In the case of
extreme climatic conditions, ISO 7243 or ISO 7933 are available.
Secondly, the emission of odours from sources which emit temporarily, for example, when a solvent is
used, can also be an unusual situation of this type.
4.4 Identification of sources
If unusual odour intensities occur, it is of interest to identify the source. The potential sources, such as
building materials, interior furnishings, office materials, or cleaning agents often have typical emissions
reflected in the indoor air. Therefore, it is important to know the emission characteristics of materials
and products.
4.5 Checking the success of remedial activities
Measurements are made before and after completion of remedial activities. The indoor air conditions
shall be selected here to ensure comparability with the initial measurements. Attention shall be paid
as to whether new substances have been introduced into the interior as a result of the remediation
measures chosen.
4 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

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ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

5 Principle
The principle of this part of ISO 16000 is to measure the odour in buildings using a sensory panel.
Different test methods or combinations of test methods are described which differ in the questions
presented to the sensory odour panel. The main odour test methods are the acceptability and the
perceived intensity. It depends on the measurement task whether the acceptability, perceived intensity,
or both characteristics can be determined.
Depending on the measurement task, the determination of the hedonic tone can be used as a
complementary method of these assessments.
6 Basic principle of the evaluation of indoor air
6.1 Evaluation method selection
The purpose of odour evaluation of indoor air determines the selection among the methods described
in Clause 7. A sensory olfactory examination should be carried out either on the basis of acceptability or
intensity.
It is recommended to conduct an evaluation of the acceptability, if
— it is to be determined, whether an odour meets the “requirements” in terms of a building code,
— the influence of the odour on comfort is to be determined,
— the quality of the air is to be determined,
— a prediction of the percentage of dissatisfied users is to be made,
— an examination for the certification of the building is to be carried out, and
— an examination is required due to complaints.
It is recommended to conduct an evaluation of the intensity, if
— it is to be determined, whether an o
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
01-april-2015
1RWUDQML]UDNGHO6HQ]RULþQRSUHVNXãDQMHQRWUDQMHJD]UDND
Indoor air - Part 30: Sensory testing of indoor air
Air intérieur - Partie 30: Essai sensoriel de l'air intérieur
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16000-30:2014
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
SIST ISO 16000-30:2015 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015

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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-30
First edition
2014-09-01
Indoor air —
Part 30:
Sensory testing of indoor air
Air intérieur —
Partie 30: Essai sensoriel de l’air intérieur
Reference number
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, units, and abbreviations . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols, units, and abbreviations . . 3
4 Objectives of odour evaluations and boundary conditions . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Clarification of the reasons for complaints from room occupants . 4
4.3 Determination of odour intensity occurring under special conditions . 4
4.4 Identification of sources . 4
4.5 Checking the success of remedial activities . 4
5 Principle . 5
6 Basic principle of the evaluation of indoor air . 5
6.1 Evaluation method selection . 5
6.2 Combination of evaluation methods . 5
6.3 Ways of testing . 6
6.4 Selection of the way of testing . 6
7 Sensory test methods. 7
7.1 Determination of acceptability . 7
7.2 Determination of intensity . 9
7.3 Determination of the hedonic tone .11
7.4 Odour quality.12
8 Measurement planning and requirements .13
8.1 Selection of panel members.13
8.2 Selection of measuring points . .13
8.3 Testing situation .14
8.4 Testing date .15
8.5 Odour-neutral recovery room for the panel .15
8.6 Sampling .15
8.7 Preparation of the testing log .16
9 Conducting the experiment .16
9.1 Preparation .16
9.2 On-site odour testing .16
9.3 Sampling and evaluation in the laboratory .17
10 Assessment .18
10.1 Accuracy of the sensory assessments .18
10.2 Interpretation of the results .19
11 Documentation .19
Annex A (normative) Training procedure for intensity assessments using a comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) Training procedure — Verification of olfactory function .24
Annex C (informative) Description of one possibility of a sampling and presenting device for air
samples out of emission chambers .26
Annex D (informative) Example for the set-up of a comparative scale .29
Bibliography .30
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6, Indoor air.
ISO 16000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Indoor air:
— Part 1: General aspects of sampling strategy
— Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde
— Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber
air — Active sampling method
— Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde — Diffusive sampling method
— Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
— Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling
®
on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FID
— Part 7: Sampling strategy for determination of airborne asbestos fibre concentrations
— Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing ventilation conditions
— Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test chamber method
— Part 10: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Emission test cell method
— Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from building products and
furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
— Part 12: Sampling strategy for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
(PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

— Part 13: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Collection on sorbent-backed
filters
— Part 14: Determination of total (gas and particle-phase) polychlorinated dioxin-like biphenyls (PCBs)
and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) — Extraction, clean-up and
analysis by high-resolution gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
— Part 15: Sampling strategy for nitrogen dioxide (NO )
2
— Part 16: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by filtration
— Part 17: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Culture-based method
— Part 18: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling by impaction
— Part 19: Sampling strategy for moulds
— Part 20: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Determination of total spore count
— Part 21: Detection and enumeration of moulds — Sampling from materials
— Part 23: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of formaldehyde concentrations by sorptive
building materials
— Part 24: Performance test for evaluating the reduction of volatile organic compound (except
formaldehyde) concentrations by sorptive building materials
— Part 25: Determination of the emission of semi-volatile organic compounds by building products —
Micro-chamber method
— Part 26: Sampling strategy for carbon dioxide (CO )
2
— Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
— Part 27: Determination of settled fibrous dust on surfaces by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) (direct
method)
— Part 29: Test methods for VOC detectors
— Part 30: Sensory testing of indoor air
— Part 31: Measurement of flame retardants and plasticizers based on organophosphorus compounds —
Phosphoric acid ester
— Part 32: Investigation of buildings for pollutants and other injurious factors — Inspections
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 33: Determination of phthalates with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
— Part 34: Strategies for the measurement of airborne particles (PM 2,5 fraction)
— Part 35: Measurement of polybrominated diphenylether, hexabromocyclododecane and
hexabromobenzene
— Part 36: Test method for the reduction rate of airborne bacteria by air purifiers using a test chamber
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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
ISO 16000-30:2014(E)

Introduction
Buildings are constructed airtight for reasons of energy saving and efficiency. The natural ventilation
by infiltration and windows in airtight buildings does not ensure a sufficient air exchange for the well-
being of the occupants and to remove moisture. Indoor odours are more frequently becoming a cause for
user complaints. The sources of odours are mainly found inside, but odours also can be brought in from
outside the building. These include construction products, materials for interior design, and furnishing
including their emission and decomposition products, technical equipment, structural damage, animals,
and the occupants themselves. In closed rooms, persistent odours, the existence of which occupants
cannot control, are mostly considered objectionable. Exposure to such odours can lead to a decline in
both the well-being and productivity of the occupants.
This part of ISO 16000 describes the procedure for the determination of indoor odours with trained
or untrained panels. It describes assessment methods and planning, preparation, and execution of the
olfactory tests. It also includes criteria and requirements for selection of panel members.
The methods can be applied to sensory evaluation with regard to acceptability, intensity, and hedonics.
Olfactory tests of indoor air can either be conducted on site or in a laboratory. In the latter case, air
is collected from the site and transported to the laboratory in sampling containers. It is necessary to
record the physical conditions in the room during the testing or the sampling of the air, as they can
influence the perception of the odours.
Odour testing can be required for hygiene evaluations of indoor air. The evaluation of the reasonability
of an odour is an essential part of such an examination.
For the overall assessment of the indoor air, it is recommended that chemical tests be carried out in
addition to the sensory tests. This is due to the fact that sensory tests do not provide information about
possible health hazards. Chemical analyses are not discussed in this part of ISO 16000.
[12] [13]
This part of ISO 16000 is based on VDI 4302-1 and VDI 4302-2.
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SIST ISO 16000-30:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-30:2014(E)
Indoor air —
Part 30:
Sensory testing of indoor air
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16000 specifies sensory testing and the evaluation of indoor odours using human
panels. Sensory testing can be performed on site or in laboratories; in the latter case, by means of air in
sampling containers which were collected from the site.
The olfactory testing is appropriate for office and administration buildings, assembly halls, residential
buildings, and other habitable rooms in which the comfort and health of the occupants is of interest.
The test criteria in this part of ISO 16000 are not applicable to factory buildings and workshops or other
rooms in which odours unavoidably stem from the production processes (kitchens, bakeries etc.). If an
odour evaluation of such rooms is undertaken without the odour-producing processes, it is necessary to
take into account that there is a possibility that the processes have influenced and changed the odour of
the room through the adsorption of odorous compounds.
Sensory odour tests of indoor air can meet a variety of objectives. These include finding the cause(s) of
unpleasant or objectionable odours, determining the reasonability of odours and the usability of affected
rooms, and inspecting the results of renovation work. When seeking the cause of odours, it is wise to
conduct additional laboratory tests on samples of the component materials according to ISO 16000-28.
In the process of locating odour sources by means of olfactory tests, it is necessary to take into account
the fact that the odour compounds can accumulate on other surfaces, which exacerbates the problem.
NOTE A risk assessment is intended to be carried out to clarify that no harmful compounds are present in the
room. In some countries, an ethics committee can require this.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing — Specifications
ISO 5496, Sensory analysis — Methodology — Initiation and training of assessors in the detection and
recognition of odours
ISO 16000-8, Indoor air — Part 8: Determination of local mean ages of air in buildings for characterizing
ventilation conditions
ISO 16000-28, Indoor air — Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test
chambers
EN 13725, Air quality — Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, units, and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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3.1.1
odour
pleasant or unpleasant smell caused by chemical compounds emitting to indoor air
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.1, modified]
3.1.2
acceptability
assessment of an odour immission into indoor air, which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by values on a defined evaluation scale
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.2]
3.1.3
perceived intensity
parameter to assess odour intensity based on a comparative scale
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.3]
3.1.4
hedonic tone
odour effect which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to
“extremely unpleasant”
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.4]
3.1.5
panel selection
procedure to determine which persons are qualified as panel members
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.5]
3.1.6
sensory fatigue
form of adaptation in which a decrease in sensitivity occurs
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.6; ISO 5492:2008, 2.7]
3.1.7
sensory adaptation
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation
Note 1 to entry: Sensory adaption is reversible.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.7]
3.1.8
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects which is not reversible
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.8]
3.1.9
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained assessors performing the sensory assessment of the odour emission
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.9]
3.1.10
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities; and recruit, train; and monitor the assessors
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.10]
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3.1.11
panel member
person who is accepted to assess the odours
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.11]
3.1.12
untrained panel
panel consisting of members who assess the odour emission without any training on odorous references
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.12]
3.1.13
trained panel
panel consisting of members who are trained to judge the intensity of odour emission
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.13]
3.1.14
odour quality
comparative description of an odour with olfactory experience
EXAMPLE “There is a smell” or, “It smells burnt, rotten”, etc.
3.1.15
comparative scale
reference substance/air-mixtures with increasing concentration of the reference substance
Note 1 to entry: The mixtures are assigned to a defined scale by olfactory assessment.
Note 2 to entry: The mixtures are labelled according to the olfactory assessment by the sensory odour panel
member to enable a comparative odour assessment of the sample air.
3.2 Symbols, units, and abbreviations
Symbol Name Unit
Π
perceived intensity odour intensity unit pi
n
total number of members of the sensory –
odour panel
n number of dissatisfied people –
d
PD
percentage of dissatisfied people %
4 Objectives of odour evaluations and boundary conditions
4.1 General
Before indoor air measurements are carried out, the objective of such measurements shall be clearly
defined and a list of possible objectives is given in the following:
— elucidating the reasons for complaints, optionally with special regard to guide values for indoor air;
— determination of the odour intensity occurring under special conditions;
— identification of odour sources;
— inspection of the success of restoration measures.
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Depending on the objective, different environmental conditions shall be maintained or recorded
before and during measurements. These environmental conditions principally relate to the ventilation
condition, the room temperature, and the relative humidity.
4.2 Clarification of the reasons for complaints from room occupants
In many cases, indoor air analyses are initiated by various types of complaints expressed by the room
occupants. Complaints of this type can range, e.g. from the perception of unknown and frequently
unpleasant odours, to headaches, nausea; or irritation of the nose, throat, or eyes.
For odour evaluations in naturally ventilated rooms, an intensive ventilation for 15 min is performed.
Afterwards, doors and windows are kept closed for about 8 h (optimally overnight) prior to measurement,
without additional sealing measures such as taping over window and door gaps. Measurements are then
performed (see ISO 16000-6) with the room still closed off. To obtain information on the effectiveness
of hourly intensive ventilation, the room is ventilated intensively after measuring by opening doors
and windows for 5 min. Doors and windows are reclosed, and after a waiting time of 1 h, further
measurement is performed.
When rooms which are ventilated by mechanical ventilation or air conditioning (VAC) systems are
investigated, the system shall be operated according to the building codes or other normative guidelines;
and the required ventilation shall be in operation at least for 3 h before the sampling is started. The
functioning of the ventilation system should be recorded or measured (see ISO 16000-8). For rooms
operated according to specified ventilation instructions (for example, schools and kindergartens where
windows have to be opened after specified time periods), one complete and typical operating cycle has
to be carried out prior to measurement. If room occupants make complaints during unusual conditions,
for clarification, measurements should also be performed under these conditions. The functioning
of the ventilation system shall be recorded or measured (see ISO 16000-8). The investigated spaces
should preferably be operated according to the building codes or design guidelines, and, especially in
complaint cases, any deviation shall be the reported. To obtain representative indoor air measurements,
it is essential to perform the measurement under the climate conditions under which the room being
investigated is usually used.
4.3 Determination of odour intensity occurring under special conditions
In some cases, it can also be of interest to obtain information on the odour intensity under special
conditions. Such special conditions can occur, firstly, if a room is used under unfavourable climatic
conditions, for example, at temperatures or relative humidity outside the comfort region without the
room occupants being able to alter this.
NOTE The conditions for thermal comfort of temperate climate are described in ISO 7730. In the case of
extreme climatic conditions, ISO 7243 or ISO 7933 are available.
Secondly, the emission of odours from sources which emit temporarily, for example, when a solvent is
used, can also be an unusual situation of this type.
4.4 Identification of sources
If unusual odour intensities occur, it is of interest to identify the source. The potential sources, such as
building materials, interior furnishings, office materials, or cleaning agents often have typical emissions
reflected in the indoor air. Therefore, it is important to know the emission characteristics of materials
and products.
4.5 Checking the success of remedial activities
Measurements are made before and after completion of remedial activities. The indoor air conditions
shall be selected here to ensure comparability with the initial measurements. Attention shall be paid
as to whether new substances have been introduced into the interior as a result of the remediation
measures chosen.
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5 Principle
The principle of this part of ISO 16000 is to measure the odour in buildings using a sensory panel.
Different test methods or combinations of test methods are described which differ in the questions
presented to the sensory odour panel. The main odour test methods are the acceptability and the
perceived intensity. It depends on the measurement task whether the acceptability, perceived intensity,
or both characteristics can be determined.
Depending on the measurement task, the determination of the hedonic tone can be used as a
complementar
...

NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 16000-30
Première édition
2014-09-01
Air intérieur —
Partie 30:
Essai sensoriel de l’air intérieur
Indoor air —
Part 30: Sensory testing of indoor air
Numéro de référence
ISO 16000-30:2014(F)
©
ISO 2014

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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2014
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée
sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur
l’internet ou sur un Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à
l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2014 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .vii
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes, définitions, symboles, unités et abréviations . 2
3.1 Termes et définitions . 2
3.2 Symboles, unités et abréviations . 3
4 Objectifs des évaluations olfactives et conditions limites . 4
4.1 Généralités . 4
4.2 Clarification des motifs de plainte des occupants d’une pièce . 4
4.3 Détermination de l’intensité d’odeur dans des conditions spéciales . 4
4.4 Identification des sources. 5
4.5 Contrôle d’efficacité des mesures d’assainissement . 5
5 Principe . 5
6 Principe de base de l’évaluation de l’air intérieur . 5
6.1 Choix de la méthode d’évaluation . 5
6.2 Combinaison des méthodes d’évaluation . 6
6.3 Types d’essais . 6
6.4 Choix du type d’essai . 7
7 Méthodes d’essai sensoriel . 7
7.1 Détermination de l’acceptabilité . 7
7.2 Détermination de l’intensité .10
7.3 Détermination de la tonalité hédonique .13
7.4 Qualité de l’odeur.14
8 Planification du mesurage et exigences .14
8.1 Sélection des membres du jury .14
8.2 Sélection des emplacements de mesurage .15
8.3 Conditions d’essai .15
8.4 Date d’essai .16
8.5 Pièce de repos inodore mise à la disposition du jury .16
8.6 Échantillonnage .17
8.7 Préparation du rapport d’essai .17
9 Déroulement de l’essai .18
9.1 Préparation .18
9.2 Essai olfactif sur site .18
9.3 Échantillonnage et évaluation en laboratoire .18
10 Évaluation .19
10.1 Précision des évaluations sensorielles .19
10.2 Interprétation des résultats .20
11 Documentation .21
Annexe A (normative) Mode opératoire de formation aux évaluations d’intensité avec une
échelle comparative .22
Annex B (informative) Mode opératoire de formation — Contrôle de la fonction olfactive .26
Annex C (informative) Description d’une possibilité d’un dispositif d’échantillonnage et de
présentation pour des échantillons d’air prélevés à la sortie des chambres d’émission .29
Annexe D (informative) Exemple de configuration d’une échelle comparative .32
Bibliographie .33
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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne
la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant les
références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de l’élaboration
du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de brevets reçues par
l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la signification des termes et expressions spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de
la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de l’ISO aux principes de l’OMC concernant
les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: Avant-propos — Informations
supplémentaires.
Le comité chargé de l’élaboration du présent document est l’ISO/TC 146, Qualité de l’air, sous-comité
SC 6, Air intérieur.
L’ISO 16000 comprend les parties suivantes, présentées sous le titre général Air intérieur:
— Partie 1: Aspects généraux de la stratégie d’échantillonnage
— Partie 2: Stratégie d’échantillonnage du formaldéhyde
— Partie 3: Dosage du formaldéhyde et d’autres composés carbonylés dans l’air intérieur et dans l’air des
chambres d’essai — Méthode par échantillonnage actif
— Partie 4: Dosage du formaldéhyde — Méthode par échantillonnage diffusif
— Partie 5: Stratégie d’échantillonnage pour les composés organiques volatils (COV)
— Partie 6: Dosage des composés organiques volatils dans l’air intérieur des locaux et enceintes d’essai
®
par échantillonnage actif sur le sorbant Tenax TA , désorption thermique et chromatographie en phase
gazeuse utilisant MS/FID
— Partie 7: Stratégie d’échantillonnage pour la détermination des concentrations en fibres d’amiante en
suspension dans l’air
— Partie 8: Détermination des âges moyens locaux de l’air dans des bâtiments pour caractériser les
conditions de ventilation
— Partie 9: Dosage de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et d’objets
d’équipement — Méthode de la chambre d’essai d’émission
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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

— Partie 10: Dosage de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et d’objets
d’équipement — Méthode de la cellule d’essai d’émission
— Partie 11: Dosage de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de construction et d’objets
d’équipement — Échantillonnage, conservation des échantillons et préparation d’échantillons pour essai
— Partie 12: Stratégie d’échantillonnage des polychlorobiphényles (PCB), des polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines
(PCDD), des polychlorodibenzofuranes (PCDF) et des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP)
— Partie 13: Dosage des polychlorobiphényles (PCB) de type dioxine et des polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines
(PCDD)/polychlorodibenzofuranes (PCDF) totaux (en phase gazeuse et en phase particulaire) — Collecte
sur des filtres adsorbants
— Partie 14: Dosage des polychlorobiphényles (PCB) de type dioxine et des polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines
(PCDD)/polychloro-dibenzofuranes (PCDF) totaux (en phase gazeuse et en phase particulaire) —
Extraction, purification et analyse par chromatographie en phase gazeuse haute résolution et
spectrométrie de masse
— Partie 15: Stratégie d’échantillonnage du dioxyde d’azote (NO )
2
— Partie 16: Détection et dénombrement des moisissures — Échantillonnage par filtration
— Partie 17: Détection et dénombrement des moisissures — Méthode par culture
— Partie 18: Détection et dénombrement des moisissures — Échantillonnage par impaction
— Partie 19: Stratégie d’échantillonnage des moisissures
— Partie 20: Détection et dénombrement des moisissures — Détermination de la numération totale de
spores
— Partie 21: Détection et dénombrement des moisissures — Échantillonnage à partir de matériaux
— Partie 23: Essai de performance pour l’évaluation de la réduction des concentrations en formaldéhyde
par des matériaux de construction sorptifs
— Partie 24: Essai de performance pour l’évaluation de la réduction des concentrations en composés
organiques volatils et en composés carbonylés sans formaldéhyde, par des matériaux de construction
sorptifs
— Partie 25: Dosage de l’émission de composés organiques semi-volatils de produits de construction —
Méthode de la micro-chambre
— Partie 26: Stratégie de mesure du dioxyde de carbone (CO )
2
— Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d’odeurs des produits de construction au moyen de chambres
d’essai
— Partie 27: Détermination de la poussière fibreuse déposée sur les surfaces par microscopie électronique
à balayage (MEB) (méthode directe)
— Partie 29: Méthodes d’essai pour détecteurs de composés organiques volatils (COV)
— Partie 30: Essai sensoriel de l’air intérieur
— Partie 31: Mesurage des ignifugeants basés sur des composés organophosphorés — Ester d’acide
phosphorique
— Partie 32: Investigation de polluants et autres facteurs nocifs dans les constructions — Inspections
Les parties suivantes sont en cours de préparation:
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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

— Partie 33: Détermination des phtalates par chromatographie en phase gazeuse/spectrométrie de masse
(CG/SM)
— Partie 34: Stratégies pour le mesurage des particules en suspension (fraction PM 2,5)
— Partie 35: Mesurage des diphényléther polybromé, hexabromocyclododécane et hexabromobenzène
— Partie 36: Méthode d’essai pour le taux de réduction des bactéries en suspension par des purificateurs
d’air en utilisant une chambre d’essai
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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

Introduction
Les bâtiments sont construits de façon étanche à l’air pour des raisons d’économie et d’efficacité. La
ventilation naturelle par infiltration et les fenêtres des bâtiments étanches à l’air ne garantissent pas
un renouvellement d’air suffisant pour le bien-être des occupants et pour éliminer l’humidité. Les
odeurs intérieures constituent de plus en plus un motif de plainte des utilisateurs. Les sources d’odeurs
se trouvent principalement à l’intérieur mais des odeurs peuvent également provenir de l’extérieur du
bâtiment. Il s’agit par exemple des produits de construction, des matériaux d’architecture intérieure et
d’ameublement, notamment leurs produits d’émission et de décomposition, de l’équipement technique,
des dommages structurels, des animaux et des occupants eux-mêmes. Dans les pièces fermées, les odeurs
persistantes, impossible à contrôler par les occupants, sont la plupart du temps considérées comme
inacceptables. L’exposition à ces odeurs peut nuire au bien-être et à la productivité des occupants.
La présente partie de l’ISO 16000 décrit le mode opératoire de détermination des odeurs intérieures
par des jurys formés ou non formés. Elle décrit les méthodes d’évaluation ainsi que la planification, la
préparation et la réalisation des essais olfactifs. Elle inclut également les critères et les exigences de
sélection des membres des jurys.
Les méthodes peuvent s’appliquer à l’évaluation sensorielle concernant l’acceptabilité, l’intensité
et la tonalité hédonique. Les essais olfactifs de l’air intérieur peuvent être réalisés sur site ou en
laboratoire. Dans le dernier cas, l’air est prélevé sur le site et envoyé au laboratoire dans des récipients
d’échantillonnage. Il est nécessaire de consigner les conditions physiques de la pièce pendant l’essai ou
l’échantillonnage de l’air car elles peuvent influencer la perception des odeurs.
L’essai olfactif peut être requis pour les évaluations hygiéniques de l’air intérieur. L’évaluation du
caractère acceptable d’une odeur est une partie essentielle de ce type d’examen.
Pour l’évaluation globale de l’air intérieur, il est recommandé d’effectuer des essais chimiques en plus
des essais sensoriels. En effet, les essais sensoriels ne fournissent pas d’informations sur les éventuels
risques sanitaires. La présente partie de l’ISO 16000 ne fait pas mention des analyses chimiques.
[12] [13]
La présente partie de l’ISO 16000 repose sur la VDI 4302-1 et la VDI 4302-2.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 16000-30:2014(F)
Air intérieur —
Partie 30:
Essai sensoriel de l’air intérieur
1 Domaine d’application
La présente partie de l’ISO 16000 spécifie l’essai sensoriel et l’évaluation des odeurs intérieures par des
jurys humains. L’essai sensoriel peut être effectué sur site ou en laboratoire, dans le dernier cas avec de
l’air introduit dans des récipients d’échantillonnage prélevés sur site.
L’essai olfactif convient aux immeubles de bureau et aux bâtiments administratifs, aux salles de réunion,
aux bâtiments résidentiels et à d’autres pièces habitables dans lesquelles le bien-être et la santé des
occupants sont primordiaux. Les critères d’essai indiqués dans la présente partie de l’ISO 16000 ne sont
pas applicables aux usines et aux ateliers, pas plus qu’à d’autres pièces dont les procédés de production
produisent inévitablement des odeurs (par exemple, cuisines, boulangeries, etc.). Si une évaluation
olfactive de ces pièces est réalisée sans les procédés de production d’odeurs, il est nécessaire de tenir
compte du fait que les procédés peuvent avoir influencé et modifié l’odeur de la pièce par adsorption des
composés odorants.
Les essais sensoriels olfactifs de l’air intérieur peuvent avoir plusieurs objectifs, notamment trouver la
ou les cause(s) d’odeurs désagréables ou inacceptables, déterminer le caractère acceptable des odeurs
et l’aptitude à l’utilisation des pièces affectées et enfin contrôler les résultats du travail de rénovation.
Lorsque l’on cherche la cause des odeurs, il est recommandé d’effectuer des essais en laboratoire
supplémentaires sur des échantillons de matériaux multicomposants selon l’ISO 16000-28. Lors de
l’étape de localisation des sources d’odeur à l’aide d’essais olfactifs, il est nécessaire de tenir compte du
fait que les composés odorants peuvent s’accumuler sur d’autres surfaces, ce qui accentue le problème.
NOTE Une évaluation des risques a pour objectif de s’assurer qu’aucun composé dangereux n’est présent
dans la pièce. Dans certains pays, un comité d’éthique peut l’exiger.
2 Références normatives
Les documents ci-après, dans leur intégralité ou non, sont des références normatives indispensables à
l’application du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour les
références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO 554, Atmosphères normales de conditionnement et/ou d’essai — Spécifications
ISO 5496, Analyse sensorielle — Méthodologie — Initiation et entraînement des sujets à la détection et à la
reconnaissance des odeurs
ISO 16000-8, Air intérieur — Partie 8: Détermination des âges moyens locaux de l’air dans des bâtiments
pour caractériser les conditions de ventilation
ISO 16000-28, Air intérieur — Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d’odeurs des produits de construction
au moyen de chambres d’essai
EN 13725, Qualité de l’air — Détermination de la concentration d’une odeur par olfactométrie dynamique
© ISO 2014 – Tous droits réservés 1

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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

3 Termes, définitions, symboles, unités et abréviations
3.1 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
3.1.1
odeur
odeur agréable ou désagréable causée par des composés chimiques émis dans l’air intérieur
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.1, modifié]
3.1.2
acceptabilité
évaluation d’une émission d’odeurs dans l’air intérieur qui peut être estimée selon une échelle allant de
«clairement acceptable» à «clairement inacceptable» définie par des valeurs sur une échelle d’évaluation
définie
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.2]
3.1.3
intensité perçue
paramètre permettant d’évaluer l’intensité de l’odeur selon une échelle comparative
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.3]
3.1.4
tonalité hédonique
effet olfactif qui peut être estimé selon une échelle allant de «extrêmement agréable» à «extrêmement
désagréable»”
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.4]
3.1.5
sélection du jury
mode opératoire visant à choisir les personnes qualifiées comme membres du jury
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.5]
3.1.6
fatigue sensorielle
forme d’adaptation au cours de laquelle une baisse de sensibilité se produit
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.6; ISO 5492:2008, 2.7]
3.1.7
adaptation sensorielle
modification temporaire de la sensibilité d’un organe des sens en raison d’une stimulation continue
et/ou répétée
Note 1 à l’article: L’adaptation sensorielle est réversible.
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.7]
3.1.8
anosmie
perte de sensibilité à certains stimuli olfactifs due à des troubles physiologiques (non réversible)
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.8]
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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

3.1.9
jury olfactif sensoriel
groupe de sujets formés ou non, chargé de l’évaluation sensorielle des émissions d’odeurs
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.9]
3.1.10
responsable du jury
personne chargée principalement de gérer les activités du jury ainsi que de recruter, former et surveiller
les sujets
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.10]
3.1.11
membre du jury
personne choisie pour évaluer les odeurs
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.11]
3.1.12
jury non formé
jury constitué de membres qui évaluent les émissions d’odeurs sans avoir reçu de formation sur les
références odorantes
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.12]
3.1.13
jury formé
jury constitué de membres formés à l’évaluation de l’intensité des émissions d’odeurs
[SOURCE: ISO 16000-28:2012, 3.1.13]
3.1.14
qualité de l’odeur
description comparative d’une odeur grâce à une connaissance olfactive
EXEMPLE «Il y a une odeur» ou «Odeur de brûlé, de pourri», etc.
3.1.15
échelle comparative
mélanges de substance de référence et d’air ayant une concentration croissante en substance de référence
Note 1 à l’article: Les mélanges sont assignés à une échelle définie par une évaluation olfactive.
Note 2 à l’article: Les mélanges sont étiquetés selon l’évaluation olfactive par le membre du jury olfactif sensoriel
pour permettre une évaluation olfactive comparative de l’air prélevé.
3.2 Symboles, unités et abréviations
Symbole Nom Unité
Π
intensité perçue unités pi d’intensité d’odeur
n
nombre total de membres du jury olfactif –
sensoriel
n nombre d’individus insatisfaits –
d
PD
pourcentage d’individus insatisfaits %
© ISO 2014 – Tous droits réservés 3

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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

4 Objectifs des évaluations olfactives et conditions limites
4.1 Généralités
Avant d’effectuer les mesurages dans l’air intérieur, l’objectif de ces mesurages doit être clairement
défini et une liste des objectifs acceptables est donnée ci-après:
— clarification des motifs de plainte, facultativement en tenant compte tout particulièrement des
valeurs guides pour l’air intérieur;
— détermination de l’intensité d’odeur dans des conditions spéciales;
— identification des sources d’odeurs;
— contrôle d’efficacité des mesures d’assainissement.
Selon l’objectif, différentes conditions environnementales doivent être préservées ou enregistrées avant
et pendant les mesurages. Ces conditions environnementales concernent principalement la ventilation,
la température ambiante et l’humidité relative.
4.2 Clarification des motifs de plainte des occupants d’une pièce
Bien souvent, les analyses de l’air intérieur sont initiées suite à différents types de plaintes exprimées par
les occupants d’une pièce. Les plaintes de ce type peuvent aller, par exemple, de la perception d’odeurs
inconnues et souvent désagréables, à des maux de tête, des nausées ou une irritation du nez, de la gorge
ou des yeux.
Pour les évaluations olfactives dans des pièces à ventilation naturelle, une ventilation intensive est
effectuée pendant 15 min. Les portes et les fenêtres sont ensuite maintenues fermées pendant environ
8 h (dans l’idéal, toute une nuit) avant d’effectuer le mesurage, sans autres mesures d’étanchéité que le
colmatage des espaces des fenêtres et des portes avec un adhésif. Les mesurages sont ensuite effectués
(voir l’ISO 16000-6) en laissant la pièce fermée. Pour obtenir des informations sur l’efficacité d’une
ventilation intensive horaire, la pièce est ventilée de manière intensive après avoir effectué un mesurage
pendant 5 min, portes et fenêtres ouvertes. Les portes et les fenêtres sont refermées et un nouveau
mesurage est réalisé après 1 h d’attente.
Lorsqu’une étude porte sur des pièces ventilées par un système de ventilation mécanique ou de
climatisation (VMC), le système doit être utilisé conformément au code de la construction ou à d’autres
lignes directrices normatives et la ventilation requise doit fonctionner pendant au moins 3 h avant de
commencer l’échantillonnage. Il convient d’enregistrer ou de mesurer le fonctionnement du système
de ventilation (voir l’ISO 16000-8). Pour les pièces soumises à des normes de ventilation spécifiques
(par exemple, écoles et jardins d’enfants où les fenêtres doivent être ouvertes après des périodes de
temps spécifiées), un cycle de fonctionnement complet et typique doit être effectué avant le mesurage.
Si les occupants de la pièce se plaignent en cas de conditions inhabituelles, il convient d’effectuer des
mesurages dans ces conditions afin de clarifier la situation. Le fonctionnement du système de ventilation
doit être enregistré ou mesuré (voir l’ISO 16000-8). Il convient que les espaces analysés soient utilisés
selon le code de la construction ou selon des lignes directrices de conception. De plus, tout écart doit être
consigné, notamment en cas de plaintes. Pour obtenir des mesures représentatives de la qualité de l’air
intérieur, il est essentiel d’effectuer le mesurage dans les conditions ambiantes dans lesquelles la pièce
analysée est habituellement utilisée.
4.3 Détermination de l’intensité d’odeur dans des conditions spéciales
Dans certains cas, il peut également être utile d’obtenir des informations sur l’intensité d’odeur dans des
conditions spéciales. Ces conditions spéciales peuvent être réunies, d’une part, si une pièce est utilisée
4 © ISO 2014 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 16000-30:2014(F)

dans des conditions climatiques défavorables, par exemple, à une température ou une humidité relative
en dehors de la zone de confort sans que les occupants de la pièce ne puisse
...