SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Polimerni materiali - Ugotavljanje toplotne prevodnosti in toplotne razprševalnosti - 4. del: Metoda z laserskim bliskom (ISO 22007-4:2008)Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und der Temperaturleitfähigkeit - Teil 4: Laserblitzverfahren (ISO 22007-4:2008)Plastiques - Détermination de la conductivité thermique et de la diffusivité thermique - Partie 4: Méthode flash laser (ISO 22007-4:2008)Plastics - Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity - Part 4: Laser flash method (ISO 22007-4:2008)83.080.01Polimerni materiali na splošnoPlastics in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 22007-4:2012SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012en,fr,de01-marec-2012SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN ISO 22007-4
January 2012 ICS 83.080.01 English Version
Plastics - Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity - Part 4: Laser flash method (ISO 22007-4:2008)
Plastiques - Détermination de la conductivité thermique et de la diffusivité thermique - Partie 4: Méthode flash laser (ISO 22007-4:2008)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit und der Temperaturleitfähigkeit - Teil 4: Laserblitzverfahren (ISO 22007-4:2008) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 December 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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EN ISO 22007-4:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



EN ISO 22007-4:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 22007-4:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22007-4:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 22007-4:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 22007-4:2012 without any modification.
SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



Reference numberISO 22007-4:2008(E)© ISO 2008
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO22007-4First edition2008-12-15Plastics — Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity — Part 4: Laser flash method Plastiques — Détermination de la conductivité thermique et de la diffusivité thermique — Partie 4: Méthode flash laser
SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



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SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.1 3 Terms and definitions.1 4 Principle.2 5 Apparatus.2 5.1 General.2 5.2 Furnace or climatic chamber.2 5.3 Flash source.4 5.4 Transient detectors.4 5.5 Thickness measurement device.5 6 Test specimen.5 6.1 Shape and dimension of the specimen.5 6.2 Preparation and conditioning of test specimen.5 6.3 Coating the specimen.5 7 Calibration and verification.6 7.1 Calibration of apparatus.6 7.2 Verification of apparatus.6 8 Procedure.6 9 Data analysis.7 10 Uncertainty.9 11 Test report.9 Annex A (informative)
Correction for finite pulse duration.10 Annex B (informative)
Alternative methods of calculating thermal diffusivity.11 Bibliography.12
SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22007-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties. ISO 22007 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity: ⎯ Part 1: General principles ⎯ Part 2: Transient plane heat source (hot disc) method ⎯ Part 3: Temperature wave analysis method ⎯ Part 4: Laser flash method
SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22007-4:2008(E) © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 1Plastics — Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity — Part 4: Laser flash method 1 Scope 1.1 This part of ISO 22007 specifies a method for the determination of the thermal diffusivity of a thin solid disc of plastics in the thickness direction by the laser flash method. This method is based upon the measurement of the temperature rise at the rear face of the thin-disc specimen produced by a short energy pulse on the front face. 1.2 The method can be used for homogeneous solid plastics as well as composites having an isotropic or orthotropic structure. In general, it covers materials having a thermal diffusivity, α, in the range 1 × 10−7 m2⋅s−1 < α < 1 × 10−4 m2⋅s−1. Measurements can be carried out in gaseous and vacuum environments over a temperature range from − 100 °C to + 400 °C. NOTE For inhomogeneous specimens, the measured values may be specimen thickness dependent. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 22007-1, Plastics — Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity — Part 1: General principles ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22007-1 and the following apply. 3.1 pulse width tp time duration for which the laser pulse intensity is larger than half of its maximum value NOTE It is expressed in seconds (s). SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) 2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 3.2 time origin t0 start of the laser pulse NOTE It is expressed in seconds (s). 3.3 maximum temperature rise ∆Tmax difference between the maximum temperature reached by the rear face of the specimen after the laser pulse has passed and its steady temperature before the pulse NOTE It is expressed in kelvins (K). 3.4 half-rise time t1/2 time from the time origin until the rear-face temperature increases by one-half of ∆Tmax NOTE It is expressed in seconds (s). 3.5 thermogram temperature versus time curve for the rear face of the specimen 3.6 thickness d dimension of the test specimen in the direction of heat transfer measurement NOTE It is expressed in metres (m). 4 Principle One side of a flat-sheet test specimen is subjected to an energy pulse which has a very short duration compared with the half-rise time (see 6.1) and a uniform spatial energy distribution. The transient temperature rise on the opposite face (rear face) is recorded as a function of time (see Figure 1). The thermal diffusivity is obtained by comparing the experimental thermogram with a theoretical model (see Clause 9 and Annex B). 5 Apparatus 5.1 General The apparatus shall be designed to obtain the thermal diffusivity as described in Clause 4 and shall consist of the following main components as shown in Figure 2. These are the furnace or climatic chamber with a specimen holder and temperature measurement device (e.g. thermocouple), the flash source (e.g. laser), the pulse detector, the transient detector (IR detector) and the control, data acquisition and analysis unit. 5.2 Furnace or climatic chamber The furnace or climatic chamber shall meet the following requirements: a) The temperature range shall be appropriate to the range of materials to be studied. Depending on the range of temperature, the specimen is maintained at a constant temperature by a cryostat or by a furnace. SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 3b) It shall be capable of maintaining the test temperature constant to within ± 0,5 K or less for at least 30 min. c) The temperature measurement device shall be capable of measuring the furnace temperature with a resolution of ± 0,1 K and an accuracy of ± 0,5 K or better. d) The furnace shall be fitted with two windows, one transparent to the pulse radiation and the other transparent to the working wavelength range of the IR detector. e) If required, the environment in the furnace shall be a vacuum or an inert-gas atmosphere to avoid oxidative degradation during heating and testing of the specimen. For cryoscopic measurements, care shall be taken to avoid water condensation on the windows. NOTE Measurement under vacuum will eliminate convection effects. The specimen holder shall be designed to minimize thermal contact with the specimen and to suppress stray light transmitted from the laser beam to the IR detector. The test temperature shall be measured using a calibrated temperature measurement device that is preferably in contact with the specimen or the specimen holder but at least within 1 mm of the specimen holder. The temperature measurement device shall be designed so as not to significantly disturb the temperature field generated in the specimen by the laser pulse.
Key X time Y temperature rise a Baseline. b Transient-rise period. c Cooling period. Figure 1 — Example of thermogram
SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) 4 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Key 1 flash source 2 pulse detector 3 specimen 4 furnace or climatic chamber 5 temperature measurement device 6 windows 7 transient detector 8 control, acquisition and analysis unit Figure 2 — Schematic diagram of laser flash set-up for measuring thermal diffusivity 5.3 Flash source The energy level of the flash source shall produce a temperature rise not exceeding 3 K at the rear face of the specimen. The spatial energy distribution of the pulse heating shall be as uniform as possible over the front face of the specimen. The pulse duration shall be shorter than 1 ms. The heat pulse source may be a laser (preferably) or a flash tube. A photodiode can be used to determine the duration and form of the pulse and the time origin. 5.4 Transient detectors The transient temperature rise at the rear face of the specimen shall be measured with an IR detector. The transient detector shall be able to detect a variation of 5 mK in the specimen rear face temperature. Its response shall be linear with temperature over a temperature range of at least 3 K. The frequency response of the detector and its associated electronics (amplifiers, analogue/digital converters, etc.) shall be faster than 10 kHz. If electronic filters are used, they shall meet the requirements defined above and shall not decrease the accuracy of temperature measurement, otherwise they could distort the shape of the temperature-time curve. SIST EN ISO 22007-4:2012



ISO 22007-4:2008(E) © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 5NOTE The choice of IR detector depends also on the temperature range. For the range − 100 °C to + 400 °C, photovoltaic or photoconductor detectors can be used. The temperature of the rear face, or a quantity directly proportional to it (e.g. voltage), shall be measured and recorded continuously over the duration of the test. The data acquisition system, which may be analogue or digital, shall be able to sample more than 1 000 data points on the thermogram with a sampling frequency higher than 100/t1/2. The accuracy of the time base shall be better than ± 1 × 10−5 s. 5.5 Thickness measurement device The specimen thickness shall be measured with an accuracy of ± 5 µm by a calibrated thickness measurement device having a resolution of ± 1 µm. For soft materials, a micrometer with reproducibly low compression is required. 6 Test specimen 6.1 Shape and dimension of the specimen The specimen shall be a thin disc. The specimen diameter is usually from 5 mm to 20 mm. The specimen thickness shall be chosen according to the pulse width and the thermal diffusivity of the material. It shall be se
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