Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density

ISO 845:2006 specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers. If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.

Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires — Détermination de la masse volumique apparente

L'ISO 845:2006 spécifie une méthode pour la détermination de la masse volumique globale et de la masse volumique apparente de la partie intérieure («âme») des caoutchoucs et des plastiques alvéolaires. Si le matériau soumis à essai comprend des peaux formées en cours de moulage ou d'extrusion, on peut déterminer la masse volumique apparente globale ou la masse volumique de l'âme, ou les deux. Si le matériau ne comporte pas de peaux formées pendant le moulage ou l'extrusion, le terme «masse volumique globale» n'est pas applicable.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Nov-2006
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
09-Sep-2024
Completion Date
13-Dec-2025

Relations

Effective Date
15-Apr-2008

Overview

ISO 845:2006 is an international standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines a precise method for determining the apparent density of cellular plastics and rubbers. This standard is essential for accurately measuring the density characteristics of these materials, including both the overall density and the core density (density of the inner "core" once any skins formed during molding or extrusion are removed). The ability to distinguish these densities is critical for quality control, product development, and material comparison in industries using cellular plastics and rubbers.

Key Topics

  • Scope and Application
    ISO 845:2006 specifies methods for measuring apparent overall density and apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers. If the material has skins formed during molding or extrusion, the standard allows determination of both densities. If no skins are present, only core density applies.

  • Test Specimen Requirements
    Specimens must be fabricated to preserve the cellular structure, with a minimum volume of 100 cm³ preferred. At least five specimens should be tested to ensure accuracy and repeatability.

  • Conditioning Procedures
    Specimens are conditioned for at least 72 hours post-production to stabilize their properties. Conditioning atmospheres conform to ISO 291, ensuring consistent temperature and humidity for reliable density measurement.

  • Measurement Method
    Dimensions of specimens are measured in millimeters with reference to ISO 1923 for accuracy, ensuring volume calculation precision. Specimens are weighed with a balance accurate to 0.1%. Apparent density is calculated based on specimen mass and volume.

  • Data Expression and Accuracy
    Calculations yield apparent density values expressed in kg/m³, with correction factors available for low-density, closed-cell materials (accounting for air buoyancy effects). Results include mean density and standard deviation to assess consistency. Interlaboratory tests have shown acceptable reproducibility within 1.7% intralaboratory and 2.6% interlaboratory variation.

  • Reporting Requirements
    Test reports must include references to ISO 845:2006, detailed material identification, environmental conditioning data, presence of skins, specimen dimensions, and measured densities with statistical analysis. Any deviations from the procedure must be documented.

Applications

ISO 845:2006 is widely applied across industries utilizing cellular plastics and rubbers where material density is a critical parameter:

  • Quality Control: Ensures consistent production density for foamed plastics and rubbers, critical for mechanical properties, insulation, and performance.
  • Product Development: Provides baseline density data to optimize formulations and processing conditions in cellular material manufacturing.
  • Material Characterization: Facilitates comparison between different cellular materials or batches by standardizing density measurement protocols.
  • Research and Testing Laboratories: Enables precise evaluation of new cellular rubber and plastic materials under controlled and repeatable conditions.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Supports adherence to international quality and safety standards requiring verified density data.

Related Standards

For comprehensive material testing and conditioning related to cellular plastics and rubbers, consider these complementary standards:

  • ISO 291 – Plastics: Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing, ensuring consistent environmental parameters.
  • ISO 1923 – Cellular plastics and rubbers: Determination of linear dimensions, guiding precise measurement of specimen dimensions.
  • Additional standards on air buoyancy corrections, material property testing, and mechanical behavior assessments may also support precise characterization of cellular materials.

ISO 845:2006 provides a robust, reliable, and standardized approach for determining the apparent density of cellular plastics and rubbers, essential for quality assurance, material development, and scientific research. This standard is a key reference for industries and laboratories dedicated to advanced polymer foam technologies, ensuring accuracy and reproducibility in density measurement.

Standard

ISO 845:2006 - Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent density Released:12/1/2006

English language
4 pages
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Standard

ISO 845:2006 - Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires — Détermination de la masse volumique apparente Released:5/8/2009

French language
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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 845:2006 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density". This standard covers: ISO 845:2006 specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers. If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.

ISO 845:2006 specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent core density of cellular plastics and rubbers. If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.

ISO 845:2006 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.100 - Cellular materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 845:2006 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 845:1988. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ISO 845:2006 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 845
Third edition
2006-12-01
Cellular plastics and rubbers —
Determination of apparent density
Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires — Détermination de la masse
volumique apparente
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
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©  ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Apparatus. 1
5 Test specimens. 2
5.1 Dimensions. 2
5.2 Number of test specimens. 2
5.3 Conditioning. 2
6 Procedure. 2
7 Expression of results. 3
8 Accuracy. 3
9 Test report. 4

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 845 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 10, Cellular plastics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 845:1988), which has been technically revised.

iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 845:2006(E)

Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent
density
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for determining the apparent overall density and the apparent
core density of cellular plastics and rubbers.
If the material to be tested includes skins formed during a moulding/extrusion, the apparent overall density or
the apparent core density, or both, can be determined. If the material does not have skins formed during
moulding, the term "overall density" is not applicable.
For shaped materials, a different method such as buoyancy method may be used.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
documen
...


NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 845
Troisième édition
2006-12-01
Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires —
Détermination de la masse volumique
apparente
Cellular plastics and rubbers — Determination of apparent density

Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2006
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DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT

©  ISO 2006
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous
quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Version française parue en 2009
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d'application .1
2 Références normatives .1
3 Termes et définitions .1
4 Appareillage .1
5 Éprouvettes.2
5.1 Dimensions .2
5.2 Nombre d'éprouvettes.2
5.3 Conditionnement .2
6 Mode opératoire.2
7 Expression des résultats .3
8 Exactitude.3
9 Rapport d'essai.4

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 845 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 61, Plastiques, sous-comité SC 10, Plastiques
alvéolaires.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition (ISO 845:1988), qui a fait l'objet d'une révision
technique.
iv © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés

NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 845:2006(F)

Caoutchoucs et plastiques alvéolaires — Détermination de la
masse volumique apparente
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode pour la détermination de la masse volumique globale
et de la masse volumique apparente de la partie intérieure («âme») des caoutchoucs et des plastiques
alvéolaires.
Si le matériau soumis à essai comprend des peaux formées en cours de moulage ou d'extrusion, on peut
déterminer la masse volumique apparente globale ou la masse volumique de l'âme, ou les deux. Si le
matériau ne comporte pas de peaux formées pendant le moulage ou l'extrusion, le terme «masse volumique
globale» n'est pas applicable.
Pour les matériaux formés, une méthode différente, comme la méthode de la poussée de l'air, peut être
utilisée.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amend
...

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