ISO/TR 11462-5:2023

TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 11462-5
First edition
2023-09
Guidelines for implementation of
statistical process control (SPC) —
Part 5:
Quality data exchange format for SPC
software
Lignes directrices pour la mise en oeuvre de la maîtrise statistique des
processus (MSP) —
Partie 5: Format d'échange de jeux de données relatives à la qualité
pour les logiciels MSP
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions, and symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.2.1 Symbols. 1
3.2.2 Abbreviations . 2
4 Data model . 2
4.1 Basic data model structure . 2
4.2 Types of data. 3
4.3 General notation regulations . 4
5 Description and listing of the key fields . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 List of key fields for parts data . 5
5.3 List of key fields for characteristics data . 6
5.4 List of key fields for measured values data . 9
5.5 List of key fields for structural data . 10
5.6 List of key fields for quality control charts data . 11
6 Applications .11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Process qualification . 12
6.3 Writing modes . . .12
7 Catalogues .12
7.1 General .12
7.2 List of key fields for catalogues .13
Annex A (informative) Application examples and explanations .16
Bibliography .46
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
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such patent rights.
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 69, Applications of statistical methods,
Subcommittee SC 4, Applications of statistical methods in product and process management.
A list of all parts in the ISO 11462 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Online data recording is becoming more and more important. A major advantage is the accurate and
reliable recording of data within a minimum of time. It creates the foundation for fast and concise
evaluations based on data collected online, and enables validated decision taking.
These possibilities help create more transparency and improve the analysis of internal and external
procedures and processes. Thus, online data transfer helps to improve process quality and efficiency as
well as to increase customer satisfaction. However, along with the growing possibilities, also the number
of possibilities and variations for a multitude of solutions and the degree of complexity increases.
For this reason, the measuring values generating device manufacturers have to invest plenty of time
and effort for customer specific adaptations, as well as during the specification and control phase
at the customers and with regard to investment cost for implementation. To minimize this effort, a
generally valid data format was developed for an exchange of quality data in industrial production that
is independent of manufacturer and user.
With the objective to find a satisfactory solution for all parties involved, a number of users of the
software function “Data Interface” from the automotive production and supplier industry joined forces
to create a standardized and coordinated specification. The objective was to include a group of users in
this work group as big as possible, in order to get a representative cross-section through the scope and
interpretation of the key fields and their application. The result is a standardized catalogue of the data
fields important to every user.
v
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 11462-5:2023(E)
Guidelines for implementation of statistical process
control (SPC) —
Part 5:
Quality data exchange format for SPC software
1 Scope
This document describes a data format for the exchange of quality information:
— the data format is distinguished by a transparent structure that is easy to edit;
— it is flexible, space saving and easily be copied and compacted;
All files are language independent because of the allocation of an explicit key to a language independent
field, the content of which can be translated into any language required.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 22514-2, Statistical methods in process management — Capability and performance — Part 2: Process
capability and performance of time-dependent process models
3 Terms and definitions, and symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22514-2 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms
3.2.1 Symbols
Symbols used in this document are identical to symbols used in ISO 22514-2 and ISO 7870-2.
C process capability index
p
C minimum process capability index
pk
C upper process capability index
pkU
C lower process capability index
pkL
U upper control limit
CL
L lower control limit
CL
m the number of subgroups
n sample size of each subgroup
P process performance index
p
P minimum process performance index
pk
P upper process performance index
pkU
P lower process performance index
pkL
U upper specification limit
SL
L lower specification limit
SL
3.2.2 Abbreviations
ELS error log sheet
SPC Statistical Process Control
File type *.DFQ a file which contains all needed information (part/characteristic/values)
File type *.DFD a file which contains only header information (part/characteristic information)
File type *.DFX a file which contains only value and additional information
4 Data model
4.1 Basic data model structure
A basic data model has been defined, which distinguishes between three main groups of data. The
highest level contains parts data, the second level characteristics data and the third level are data
related to the measured values. The characteristics data contain a voluntarily subgroup for quality
control chart application. Furthermore, separately from the three groups there are some key fields for
structure information.
This basic data model structure is illustrated in Figure 1.
Shaft
(K1xxx)
Characteristics:
(K2xxx)
(K8xxx)
(K0xxx)
Figure 1 — Data model
Every data group (level) contains a large number of defined so called key fields, which describe the
properties of the individual elements of the data model. The names of these key fields consist of an
upper case “K”, followed by a four digit number. These numbers are based on a general key structure as
listed below:
K1000 … K1999 parts data describing the part type, a component of a product
K2000 … K2999 characteristics data containing characteristic-specific information
K0001 … K0999 description of value formats /measured values
K8000 … K8999 quality control chart information
K5000 … K5999 structure information (not shown in figure 1)
The so called k field lists in Clause 5 shows the keys supported by this data model.
4.2 Types of data
The data format consists of two different types of data
— descriptive data, and
— value data
They are contained either in two separate files or in a common file. All three files have the same file
name but different file extensions. The file extensions are as follows:
— descriptive file: *.DFD;
— value file: *.DFX;
— shared file: *.DFQ.
4.3 General notation regulations
Key number and field contents are separated by a space.
One field is written per line.
As line-end identification, apply the combination of and (hexadecimal $0D $0A), (decimal
#13 #10).
If several elements (parts or characteristics) are entered in one file, the distinction is made by extending
the applicable K-field number with "/" and a sequence number i = 1 to n, where n corresponds to the
number in field K0100.
An example is
K0100 3
K1xxx/1 any part information
K2002/1 characteristic 1
K2002/2 characteristic 2
K2002/3 characteristic 3
Characteristics information that applies globally to all characteristics can be assigned to all
characteristics simultaneously with the assignment "/0".
As an example the number of decimal places is set “2” for all values in this file:
K2022/0 2
Mandatory fields:
The following fields are absolutely necessary to be included in the data format to allow unique
identification of the records.
— K0100 total number of characteristics in the file (characteristics of all parts concerned); for technical
reasons this K field is in the first line of the file header.
— At least one field out of the parts group (1xxx) and one field out of characteristics group (2xxx) are
necessary for the identification of the part. It is recommend to use two fields per group (K1001 –
part number, K1002 – part name, K2001 – characteristic number and K2002 – characteristic name).
As soon as a key for characteristic data appears, the part header is considered as completed and no
more K1xxx fields may follow. For examples see Annex A.
— After blocks 1 and 2 are written, measured values and additional data can be written into the fields
K0xxx.
5 Description and listing of the key fields
5.1 General
The following tables contain the respective designations of key fields (Kxxxx) for a part, the
characteristics and the corresponding measured values. They also specify the field type and the
maximum field length.
The “Misc.” column shows the following additional information:
a) Fields marked with an “o” have a field content which is meaningfully to be clarified with the
statistical evaluation software supplier. Examples can be found in Annex A.
b) The catalogue for catalogue fields is specified under “Remarks” (marked with a “K”).
Legend of the tables
Field type Character set Explanation
A Alpha numeric
D Date / time format
F Floating point
I3 Integer (1 Byte) Signed positive integer value range
1-127
I5 Integer (2 Byte) Signed positive integer value range
1-32767
I10 Integer (4 Byte) Signed positive integer value range
1-2147483647
S Special coding
Miscellaneous Meaning
o Defined field content
K Catalogue reference / transferred from catalogue
5.2 List of key fields for parts data
Table 1 lists the defined key fields for the description of the part.
It can be seen from the K-field numbers listed here that numerous theoretically available numbers have
not been filled, so that if additional K-fields are required, they can be placed in the appropriate subject
group.
Table 1 — List of key fields for parts data
Max. number of charac-
Key Field type Field name
ters
K1001 A 30 Part number
K1002 A 80 Part description
K1003 A 20 Part abbreviation
K1004 A 20 Part amendment status
K1005 A 40 Product
K1007 A 20 Part number abbreviated
TTaabbllee 11 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Max. number of charac-
Key Field type Field name
ters
K1008 A 20 Part type
K1009 A 20 Part code
K1011 A 20 Variant
K1022 A 80 Manufacturer name
K1041 A 30 Drawing number
K1042 A 20 Drawing amendment
K1053 A 40 Contract
K1072 A 40 Supplier description
K1081 A 24 Machine number
K1082 A 40 Machine description
K1083 I5 5 Machine number
K1085 A 40 Machine location
K1086 A 40 Work cycle / operation
K1087 A 40 Work cycle description
K1100 A 40 Plant sector
K1101 A 40 Department
K1102 A 40 Workshop
K1103 A 40 Cost centre
K1110 A 20 Order number
K1201 A 24 Test facility number
K1202 A 40 Test facility description
K1203 A 80 Reason for test
K1206 A 40 Test location
K1209 A 20 Inspection type
K1230 A 40 Gauge room
K1231 A 20 Measuring program number
K1232 A 20 Measuring program version
K1303 A 40 Plant
K1343 A 20 Test plan development date
K1344 A 40 Test plan developer
K1802 A 255 User field content 1
K1900 A 255 Remark
5.3 List of key fields for characteristics data
Table 2 lists the defined key fields for the description of the characteristics.
Table 2 — List of key fields for characteristics data
Maximum num-
Field
Key ber of Field name Misc. Remarks
type
characteristics
K2001 A 20 Characteristic number
K2002 A 80 Characteristic description
K2003 A 20 Characteristic abbreviation
System has to generate
K2004 I5 5 Characteristic type o
it automatically
K2005 I5 5 Characteristics class o
K2006 I5 5 Control item o
K2007 I5 5 Control type o
System has to generate
K2008 I5 5 Group type o
it automatically
K2009 I5 5 Measured quantity o
K2015 I3 3 Tool wear type (trend) o
K2016 I3 3 100 % measurement o
Required with the use
K2019 I3 3 Ordinal classes catalogue of ordinal and nominal
charact.
K2022 I5 5 Decimal places
K2043 A 40 Name of measuring device
Required with the use
of K0005
K2060 I5 5 Events catalogue Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0011
K2061 I5 5 Process parameter catalogue
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0007
K2062 I5 5 Cavity catalogue
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0010
K2063 I5 5 Machine catalogue
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0012
K2064 I5 5 Gauge catalogue
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0008
K2065 I5 5 Operator catalogue
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
TTaabbllee 22 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Maximum num-
Field
Key ber of Field name Misc. Remarks
type
characteristics
Required with the use
of K0061
K2066 I5 5 Subcatalogue K0061
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0062
K2067 I5 5 Subcatalogue K0062
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
Required with the use
of K0063
K2068 I5 5 Subcatalogue K0063
Syntax with /0 possi-
ble, selection at “part/
system level” available
K2092 A 50 Characteristic text
K2093 A 80 Processing status
K2100 F 22 Target value
K2101 F 22 Nominal value Only one combination
can be shown to the
K2110 F 22 Lower specification limit
user:
K2111 F 22 Upper specification limit
K2101/K2110/K2111
or
K2112 F 22 Lower allowance
K2101/K2112/K2113
but for technical
reasons it is necessary
K2113 F 22 Upper allowance
that all 5 fields are in-
cluded in the data set.
K2114 F 22 Lower scrap limit
K2115 F 22 Upper scrap limit
K2120 I3 3 Type of lower limit o
K2121 I3 3 Type of upper limit o
K2130 F 22 Lower plausibility limit
K2131 F 22 Upper plausibility limit
K2142 A 20 Unit
K2301 A 20 Machine number
K2302 A 40 Machine description
Department / cost
K2303 A 40
centre
Production type
K2311 A 20
(operation)
Description of
K2312 A 40
production type
K2320 A 20 Contract number
K2401 A 40 Gauge number
K2402 A 40 Gauge description
K2403 A 20 Gauge group
TTaabbllee 22 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Maximum num-
Field
Key ber of Field name Misc. Remarks
type
characteristics
K2404 F 22 Gauge resolution
K2406 A 40 Gauge manufacturer
K2407 A 20 SPC device number
SPC device
K2408 A 40
manufacturer
K2409 A 20 SPC device type
K2410 A 40 Test location
K2411 A 40 Test begin
K2415 A 20 Gauge serial number
K2440 A 40 Assembly component
K2505 A 20 View description
K2506 I3 3 Sheet number
K2630 F 22 Calibration uncertainty
K2900 A 255 Remark
5.4 List of key fields for measured values data
Table 3 lists the defined key fields for the measured values data.
Table 3 — List of key fields for measured values data
Maximum
Field number of
Key Field name Misc. Remarks
type characteris-
tics
K0001 F 22 Measured value
K0002 I5 5 Attributes o
K0004 D — Date / time o
K0005 S — Event K Catalogue see K2060
More than one entry can be
written
K0006 A 14 Batch number
K0007 I10 10 Cavity number K
K0008 I10 10 Operator name K
K0009 A 255 Text
K0010 I10 10 Machine number K
K0011 S — Process parameter K Catalogue see K2061
More than one entry can be
written
K0012 I10 10 Gauge number K
K0014 A 40 Part ID
K0015 I5 5 Reason for test o
K0016 A 30 Production number
K0017 A 30 Work piece fixture number
TTaabbllee 33 ((ccoonnttiinnueuedd))
Maximum
Field number of
Key Field name Misc. Remarks
type characteris-
tics
K0020 I5 5 Subgroup size Only for attributes tests. For
the content the subgroup
size is multiplied by 1 000
K0021 I5 5 Number of errors Only for attributes tests
K0053 A 20 Order
K0054 A 30 K0054 User defined name
K0055 A 30 K0055 User defined name
K0056 A 30 K0056 User defined name
K0057 A 30 K0057 User defined name
K0058 A 30 K0058 User defined name
K0059 A 30 K0059 User defined name
K0060 A 30 K0060 User defined name
K0061 I10 10 K0061 K User defined name
K0062 I10 10 K0062 K User defined name
K0063 I10 10 K0063 K User defined name
K0080 A 64 Subgroup ident
K0081 I5 5 Position of measured value
within subgroup
5.5 List of key fields for structural data
Table 4 contains key fields helping to generate and manage structures related to the respective
situation.
Table 4 — List of key fields for structural data
Max. number
of
Key Field type Field name
characteris-
tics
K0100 I5 5 Total number of characteristics in file
K2030 I5 5 Group number (text)
K2031 I5 5 Group description
5.6 List of key fields for quality control charts data
The information required for the application of quality control charts are given in Table 5.
Table 5 — List of key fields for quality control charts data
Maximum
Field number of
Key Field name Misc. Remarks
type characteris-
tics
Chart type (location) + addi-
K8010 S — o
tional attributes
Central position
K8011 F 22
(location)
Lower control limit (loca-
K8012 F 22
tion)
Upper control limit (loca-
K8013 F 22
tion)
Chart type (variation) +
K8110 S — o
additional attributes
Central position
K8111 F 22
(variation)
Lower control limit (varia-
K8112 F 22
tion)
Upper control limit (varia-
K8113 F 22
tion)
K8500 I5 5 Subgroup size
K8501 I3 3 Subgroup type o
K8502 A 40 Subgroup frequency
Subgroup type
K8503 I3 3 o Only for attributes tests
(attribute)
6 Applications
6.1 General
In order to support various applications of process qualification and process capability analysis, it is
important to consider specific field contents and field relations.
6.2 Process qualification
If the measuring value generating device is able to measure or provide the following kinds of
characteristics, the respective format requirements for the output are necessary:
— variables characteristics either with:
— characteristics having one-sided/two-sided limits;
— or a fixed/moving subgroup size;
— positional tolerances;
— quality control chart (to be written with files applied in process capability analysis/SPC);
— discrete characteristics (binary characteristics / conform or non-conform);
— error log sheets.
6.3 Writing modes
Only the following writing modes apply:
— *.DFQ (one file per job, time unit, study or subgroup);
— *.DFQ (one file per measurement);
— *.DFD/*.DFX (one file per job, time unit, study or subgroup);
— *.DFD/*.DFX (one file per measurement);
— *.DFD/*.DFX (count-up mode).
7 Catalogues
7.1 General
In the fields K00xx a number of important information for identification and assignment of the
respective measured value is entered. For many users and in many cases, it is desirable to store a lot
of further information on the current measured value in order to be able to carry out detailed analyses
later on if required or to ensure comprehensive traceability.
This additional data usually contains frequently occurring or recurring content. In order to drastically
reduce the effort for input, storage and data transfer, standardized catalogues with predefined contents
were developed. This means that not all the data to be stored have to be entered or read in for a data
record, but it is assigned to a defined catalogue content by entering a code in the associated K field. In
particular, the use of free text is reduced to a minimum.
With the use of these catalogues, the required storage space and input error possibilities are
significantly reduced, and the transfer speed is increased many times over.
Catalogues are defined for different criteria, e.g. machine catalogue, test equipment catalogue and
operator catalogue. The first field of each catalogue contains the name, the following field the assignment
to the corresponding K00xx field. In addition to permanently defined catalogues, 3 catalogues are
available to the user for free assignment (K4270, K4280 and K4290 for fields K0061, K0062 and K0063).
Subcatalogues can be defined for each catalogue, which only contain the contents of the main catalogue
required for the sub-unit (e.g. machine 1, machine 2). These subcatalogues are identified by appending
a slash and the sequential number of the subcatalogue. For example, the field number of the machine
catalogue is K4060, K4060/1 is the subcatalogue for machine 1 and K4060/2 is the subcatalogue for
machine 2.
For all catalogues, the last field defined is one that indicates whether the data is currently in use or only
archived. This ensures that such information, which was recorded and stored in the past, is no longer
displayed and does not pose unnecessary queries to the user of the software system. If necessary,
however, this data can be reactivated at any time. This data field has an offset of 501 to the field number
of the catalogue title as its field number.
The other fields of the catalogues in Table 6 are self-explanatory.
It is not necessary for measuring systems to be able to write catalogues, they only need to be able to
read them.
7.2 List of key fields for catalogues
Table 6 — List of key fields for catalogues
Key Field description Length Type Remarks

K4060 Machine catalogue (name of main/ subcata- [80] A Applies to K-field K0010
logue)
K4061 Element allocation to the respective subcata- [5] I5
logue
K4062 Machine number [20] A
K4063 Machine name [80] A
K4561 Identification of records being out of use 0 = in use; 1 = out of use
K4070 Gauge catalogue (name of main/ subcata- [80] A Applies to K-field K0012
logue)
K4071 Element allocation to the respective subcata- [5] I5
logue
K4072 Gauge number [20] A
K4073 Gauge name [80] A
K4571 Identification of records being out of use 0 = in use; 1 = out of use
K4090 Operator catalogue (name of main/ subcata- [80] A Applies to K-field K0008
logue)
K4091 Element allocation to the respective subcata- [5] I5
logue
K4092 Operator name 1 [20] A
K4093 Operator name 2 [80] A
K4591 Identification of records being out of use 0 = in use; 1 = out of use
K4220 Event catalogue (name of main/ subcata- [80] A Applies to K-field K0005
logue)
K4221 Event catalogue element (allocation event <-> [5] I5
subcatal
...