ISO 17499:2023

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17499
Second edition
2023-03
Carbonaceous materials used in
the production of aluminium —
Determination of baking level
expressed by equivalent temperature
Produits carbonés utilisés pour la production de l'aluminium —
Détermination du niveau de cuisson par estimation de la température
de cuisson équivalente
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Reference coke . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Selection and preparation . 2
6 Calibration curve . 2
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Test procedure .5
8.1 Equivalent temperature measurement . 5
8.2 Equivalent temperature of a section . 6
9 Expession of results .6
9.1 Equivalent temperature of a single anode or cathode . 6
9.2 Equivalent temperature of a section . 6
10 Precision . 6
11 Test report . 7
iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 226, Materials for the production of
primary aluminium.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17499:2006), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— technical description errors have been corrected in 3.2, 5.1, 5.2 and 7.3;
— technical details relating to procedure have been clarified in Clause 4 and 8.1;
— the precision statement text has been corrected and reformulated (without changing the precision
values) in Clause 10;
— the description of the graphite crucible with a drawing has been moved from the appendix into the
body text as 7.3;
— some editorial corrections have been made.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The equivalent temperature is used to express the baking level of a single anode or cathode, or the
overall baking level and distribution of a section of any type of baking furnace constructed for baking
carbon anodes or cathodes for the production of aluminium.
The equivalent temperature is also useful for monitoring and comparing the baking level of laboratory
test anodes or cathodes and other samples.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17499:2023(E)
Carbonaceous materials used in the production of
aluminium — Determination of baking level expressed by
equivalent temperature
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination of the equivalent temperature of one anode or cathode in a
baking furnace and the calculation of the overall baking level in a section in a baking furnace.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20203, Carbonaceous materials used in the production of aluminium — Calcined coke — Determination
of crystallite size of calcined petroleum coke by X-ray diffraction
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
equivalent temperature
baking level of an anode or cathode measured by the heat treatment of a reference coke attached to or
placed with the anode or cathode and quantified in equivalent degrees, °E, determined from the mean
crystallite height, L , of the reference coke using a calibration curve
c
Note 1 to entry: The calibration curve is derived by subjecting a series of separate samples of the green reference
coke to a 2 h heat treatment at different hold temperatures, in degrees Celsius, and measuring the mean crystallite
height, L . The equivalent temperature, T , is numerically equal to the temperatures, in degrees Celsius, plotted
c eq
on the calibration curve.
3.2
reference green coke
raw unprocessed petroleum coke from a refinery coker unit
Note 1 to entry: For use as a reference coke, the green coke should be a single source, low sulfur, anode grade
coke,
...