ISO/IEC 25434:2006

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 25434
First edition
2006-05-01
Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm
Optical Disk using +R DL Format —
Capacity: 8,55 and 2,66 Gbytes per Side
(Recording speed 2,4x)
Échange de données sur disque optique de 120 mm et 80 mm utilisant
le format +R DL — Capacité: 8,55 Go et 2,66 Go par face (vitesse
d'enregistrement 2,4x)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2006
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©  ISO/IEC 2006
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ii © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Section 1 - General . 1
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 Conformance. 4
4.1 Optical Disk. 4
4.2 Generating system. 4
4.3 Receiving system. 4
4.4 Compatibility statement . 4
5 Conventions and notations . 4
5.1 Representation of numbers . 4
5.2 Names. 5
6 Abbreviations and acronyms . 5
7 General description of the optical disk . 6
8 General Requirements. 7
8.1 Environments . 7
8.1.1 Test environment. 7
8.1.2 Operating environment. 7
8.1.3 Storage environment. 7
8.1.4 Transportation. 7
8.2 Safety requirements. 7
8.3 Flammability. 8
9 Reference Drive. 8
9.1 Optical system. 8
9.2 Optical beam. 9
9.3 Read channel 1. 9
9.4 Disk clamping. 9
9.5 Rotation of the disk . 10
9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2) . 10
9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2) . 11
9.8 Reference servo systems . 11
9.8.1 Normalized servo transfer function . 11
9.8.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking. 11
9.8.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking. 12
Section 2 - Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk. 14
10 Dimensional characteristics. 14
10.1 Reference Planes. 15
10.2 Overall dimensions. 15
10.3 First transition area . 15
10.4 Second transition area . 16
10.5 Clamping Zone . 16
10.6 Third transition area . 16
10.7 Information Zone. 16
10.7.1 Sub-division of the Information Zone. 17
10.7.2 Track mode. 18
10.8 Rim area. 18
10.9 Remark on tolerances . 18
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved iii

11 Mechanical characteristics. 18
11.1 Mass. 18
11.2 Moment of inertia . 18
11.3 Dynamic imbalance. 18
11.4 Axial runout . 18
11.5 Radial runout . 19
12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone .19
12.1 Index of refraction. 19
12.2 Thickness of the substrate. 19
12.3 Reflectivity. 19
12.4 Birefringence. 19
12.5 Angular deviation. 20
Section 3 - Format of information. 21
13 Data format. 21
13.1 Data Frames. 21
13.1.1 Identification Data (ID) . 21
13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED). 23
13.1.3 RSV. 23
13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC). 23
13.2 Scrambled Frames. 23
13.3 ECC Blocks. 24
13.4 Recording Frames. 25
13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion. 26
13.6 Physical Sectors. 27
13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN). 28
13.7.1 Recording Unit position . 29
13.8 d.c. component suppression control. 29
14 Track format. 30
14.1 Track shape. 30
14.2 Track path. 30
14.3 Track pitch. 31
14.4 Track layout. 31
14.4.1 ADIP information. 31
14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP. 35
Section 4 - Format of the Information Zone . 43
15 General description of the Information Zone . 43
16 Layout of the Information Zone of a Single-session disk. 44
16.1 Usage of the Data Zone . 45
16.1.1 Additional Testing Zone on Layer 1 (optional). 46
16.2 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs). 47
17 Inner Drive Areas. 48
17.1 Initial Zone / Final Zone . 49
17.2 Inner Disk Test Zones. 49
17.3 Count Zone Run-in / Dummy Zone. 49
17.4 Inner Disk Count Zones. 49
17.5 Inner Disk Administration Zone. 50
17.6 Table of Contents (TOC) Zone . 50
17.6.1 Table of Contents Blocks . 51
17.6.2 Recorded Area Indicators. 53
18 Lead-in Zone. 55
18.1 Guard Zone 1 . 56
18.2 Reserved Zone 1 . 56
18.3 Reserved Zone 2 . 56
18.4 Inner Disk Identification Zone. 56
18.5 Reserved Zone 3 . 56
iv © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

18.6 Reference Code Zone. 56
18.7 Buffer Zone 1. 56
18.8 Control Data Zone. 56
18.8.1 Physical format information . 57
18.8.2 Disk manufacturing information . 59
18.8.3 Content provider information . 59
18.9 Buffer Zone 2. 59
19 Data Zone. 59
20 Middle Zones. 60
20.1 Buffer Zones 3. 61
20.2 Reserved Zones. 61
20.3 Guard Zones 2. 61
21 Outer Drive Areas. 61
21.1 Outer Disk Administration Zones. 62
21.2 Outer Disk Count Zones. 62
21.3 Dummy Zone / Count Zone Run-in. 63
21.4 Outer Disk Test Zone. 63
21.5 Guard Zones 3. 63
22 Lead-out Zone . 63
22.1 Lead-out Zone at finalization . 63
22.2 Lead-out Zone at closing of first Session . 64
23 Multi-session Layout . 65
23.1 Intro. 66
23.1.1 Buffer Zone A . 66
23.1.2 Inner Session Identification Zone . 66
23.1.3 Session Control Data Zone. 66
23.1.4 Buffer Zone B . 66
23.2 Data Zone. 66
23.3 Closure. 66
23.3.1 Buffer Zone C . 66
23.3.2 Outer Session Identification Zone . 66
24 Sequential recording in Fragments . 67
24.1 Opening a Session. 67
24.1.1 Incomplete Fragment. 67
24.1.2 Reserved Fragments. 67
24.1.3 Recording User Data in Fragments. 68
24.1.4 Closing a Fragment . 68
24.2 Closing a Session. 69
24.2.1 Lead-in/Intro Zone. 69
24.2.2 Closure Zone. 70
24.3 Finalizing the disk. 70
25 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs). 70
26 Disk Control Blocks. 70
26.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks. 70
26.2 Format of the Session DCB (SDCB). 72
26.2.1 Session Items. 74
Section 5 - Characteristics of the groove. 76
27 General. 76
28 Method of testing. 76
28.1 Environment. 76
28.2 Reference Drive. 76
28.2.1 Optics and mechanics. 76
28.2.2 Read power. 77
28.2.3 Read channels. 77
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved v

28.2.4 Tracking. 77
28.3 Definition of signals. 77
29 Characteristics of the groove signals. 78
29.1 Phase depth. 78
29.2 Push-pull signal . 78
29.3 Track Cross signal . 78
29.4 Normalized wobble signal . 78
29.5 Characteristics of the wobble. 79
Section 6 - Characteristics of the recording layer. 79
30 Method of testing . 79
30.1 Environment. 79
30.2 Reference Drive. 79
30.2.1 Optics and mechanics . 79
30.2.2 Read power. 79
30.2.3 Read channels. 80
30.2.4 Tracking. 80
30.2.5 Scanning velocity. 80
30.3 Write conditions . 80
30.3.1 Write pulse waveform . 80
30.3.2 Write power. 80
30.3.3 Write power dependency on wavelength . 81
30.3.4 Write power window . 81
30.3.5 Write power shift for layer L1 due to recording on layer L0. 82
30.4 Measurement conditions. 82
31 Characteristics of the recorded signals . 82
31.1 Channel bit length. 82
31.2 Definition of signals. 82
31.2.1 High frequency signals (HF) . 82
31.2.2 Modulated amplitude . 83
31.2.3 Signal asymmetry. 83
31.2.4 Normalized Slicing Level jump . 83
31.2.5 Jitter. 84
31.2.6 Track Cross signal . 84
31.3 Read stability. 84
32 Additional testing conditions. 84
32.1 Test environment. 84
32.1.1 Optics. 84
32.2 Definition of signals. 85
32.2.1 Modulated amplitude . 85
32.2.2 Signal asymmetry. 85
32.2.3 Jitter. 85
32.2.4 Track Cross signal . 85
32.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal . 85
32.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal. 86
33 Quality of the recording layer . 87
33.1 Defects. 87
33.2 Data errors. 87
Section 7 - Characteristics of user data . 88
34 Method of testing . 88
34.1 Environment. 88
34.2 Reference Drive. 88
34.2.1 Optics and mechanics . 88
34.2.2 Read power. 88
34.2.3 Read channels. 88
34.2.4 Error correction. 88
34.2.5 Tracking. 89
vi © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

35 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit . 89
35.1 Tracking. 89
35.2 User-written data. 89
Annex A (informative) 80 mm +R DL disk . 91
Annex B (normative) Structure for Extended format information in the Data Zone . 95
Annex C (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity. 98
Annex D (normative) Measurement of birefringence . 100
Annex E (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals . 102
Annex F (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error. 105
Annex G (normative) The write pulse wave form for testing. 109
Annex H (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation. 112
Annex I (normative) Optimum Power Control and Recording Conditions. 120
Annex J (informative) Running OPC . 123
Annex K (informative) Wavelength dependency. 124
Annex L (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude. 129
Annex M (informative) Light fastness of the disk . 131
Annex N (informative) Transportation. 132
Annex O (informative) Video Content Protection System. 133
Annex P (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP . 134
Annex Q (informative) Values to be Implemented in Existing and Future Specifications. 136

© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved vii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 25434 was prepared by ECMA TC 31 (as ECMA-364) and was adopted, under a special “fast-track
procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval
by national bodies of ISO and IEC.

viii © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Ecma Technical Committee TC 31 was established in 1984 for the standardization of Optical Disks and
Optical Disk Cartridges (ODC). Since its establishment, the Committee has made major contributions
to ISO/IEC toward the development of International Standards for 80 mm, 90 mm, 120 mm, 300 mm,
and 356 mm media. Numerous standards have been developed by TC 31 and published by Ecma,
almost all of which have also been adopted by ISO/IEC under the fast-track procedure as International
Standards.
In July 2004 a group of Companies proposed to TC 31 to develop a standard for 120 mm dual layer
recordable optical disks using the WORM recording technology and based on the DVD − Read-Only
standard (ECMA-267), the +RW format (ECMA-337) and the +R format (ECMA-349). TC 31 adopted
this project and started the work that has resulted in this Standard.
This International Standard specifies two Types of recordable optical disks, one (Type S9) making use
of recording on only a single side of the disk and yielding a nominal capacity of 8,55 or 2,66 Gbytes per
disk and the other (Type D18) making use of recording on both sides of the disk and yielding a nominal
capacity of 17,1 or 5,32 Gbytes per disk.
This International Standard, taken together with a standard for volume and file structure, such as for
instance developed in Ecma Technical Committee TC 15, provides the requirements for information
interchange between systems.
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved ix

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 25434:2005(E)

Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm Optical Disk using
+R DL Format — Capacity: 8,55 and 2,66 Gbytes per Side
(Recording speed 2,4x)
Section 1 — General
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm
recordable optical disks with capacities of 8,55 Gbytes and 17,1 Gbytes. It specifies the quality of the recorded
and unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information
interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-
reversible method. These disks are identified as +R DL.
The +R DL system also allows 80 mm disks with capacities of 2,66 Gbytes and 5,32 Gbytes. These disks
have the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller
dimensions. All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A.
This Standard specifies
— two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7);
— the conditions for conformance;
— the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored;
— the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical
interchange between data processing systems;
— the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the
error correcting codes and the coding method;
— the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the
data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a
standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 4873:1991, Information technology — ISO 8-bit code for information interchange — Structure and
rules for implementation
ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology — 120 mm DVD — Read-only disk
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/IEC 16449:2002, Information technology — 80 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ISO/IEC 17341:2005, Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using
+RW format -- Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 4X)
ISO/IEC 17344:2005, Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using
+R format -- Capacity: 4,7 and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 8X)
ECMA-287 (2002), Safety of Electronic Equipment
Unauthorized copying and/or redistribution of video data that is recorded in the DVD+R/+RW Video Format
can be prevented by applying the Video Content Protection System as referred to in Annex O.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
channel bit
elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and spaces on the disk
3.2
clamping zone
The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device
3.3
Digital Sum Value
DSV
arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value +1 to bits set to ONE and the
decimal value −1 to bits set to ZERO
3.4
Disk Reference Plane
plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping Zone of the disk
is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation
3.5
dummy substrate
layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and, in some cases,
...