ISO 17123-9:2018

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17123-9
First edition
2018-12
Optics and optical instruments —
Field procedures for testing geodetic
and surveying instruments —
Part 9:
Terrestrial laser scanners
Optique et instruments d'optique — Méthodes d'essai sur site des
instruments géodésiques et d'observation —
Partie 9: Scanners laser terrestres
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
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ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and subscripts . 2
4.1 Symbols . 2
4.2 Subscripts . 3
5 Requirements and recommendations. 3
6 Test principle . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Procedure 1: Simplified test procedure . 4
6.3 Procedure 2: Full test procedure . 4
7 Simplified test procedure . 5
7.1 Configuration of the test field. 5
7.2 Example 1: Target scan by full dome scan . 7
7.3 Example 2: Two face target scan . 9
7.4 Measurements . 9
7.5 Calculation . 9
7.6 Derivation of a reference quantity for computing permitted deviations .12
7.6.1 Introduction .12
7.6.2 Determination of measurement uncertainty of the target centers .12
7.6.3 Derivation of the permitted deviation for the simple test procedure .13
7.7 Quantification of measurement deviations and judgement of the instrument for
the simple test procedure .13
7.7.1 Analysis of distance measurements .13
7.7.2 Remarks on the scale problem .14
7.7.3 Analysis of further distance differences .14
8 Full test procedure .16
8.1 Configuration of the test field.16
8.2 Measurements .17
8.3 Calculation .18
8.4 Statistical tests .21
8.4.1 General description .21
8.4.2 Question a) .22
8.4.3 Question b).22
8.5 Derivation of a reference quantity for computing permitted deviation .23
8.5.1 Determination of measurement uncertainty of the target centre .23
8.5.2 Derivation of the permitted deviation for the full test procedure .23
8.6 Quantification of measurement deviations and judgement of the instrument for
the full test procedure .24
Annex A (informative) Example for the simplified test procedure .26
Annex B (informative) Example for the full test procedure .28
Annex C (normative) Example for the calculation of an uncertainty budget of Type B .36
Bibliography .43
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
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.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee
SC 6, Geodetic and surveying instruments.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17123 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This document specifies field procedures for adoption when determining and evaluating the uncertainty
of measurement results obtained by geodetic instruments and their ancillary equipment, when used in
building and surveying measuring tasks. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications
of suitability of a particular instrument for the immediate task. They are not proposed as tests for
acceptance or performance evaluations that are more comprehensive in nature.
These field procedures have been developed specifically for in situ applications without the need for
special ancillary equipment and are purposely designed to minimize atmospheric influences.
The definition and concept of uncertainty as a quantitative attribute to the final result of measurement
was developed mainly in the last two decades, even though error analysis has already long been a part of
all measurement sciences. After several stages, the CIPM (Comité Internationale des Poids et Mesures)
referred the task of developing a detailed guide to ISO. Under the responsibility of the ISO Technical
Advisory Group on Metrology (TAG 4), and in conjunction with six worldwide metrology organizations,
a guidance document on the expression of measurement uncertainty was compiled with the objective
of providing rules for use within standardization, calibration, laboratory, accreditation and metrology
services. ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 was first published in 1995.
With the introduction of uncertainty in measurement in ISO 17123 (all parts), it is intended to finally
provide a uniform, quantitative expression of measurement uncertainty in geodetic metrology with the
aim of meeting the requirements of customers.
ISO 17123 (all parts) provides not only a means of evaluating the precision (experimental standard
deviation) of an instrument, but also a tool for defining an uncertainty budget, which allows for the
summation of all uncertainty components, whether they are random or systematic, to a representative
measure of accuracy, i.e. the combined standard uncertainty.
ISO 17123 (all parts) therefore provides, for defining for each instrument investigated by the procedures,
a proposal for additional, typical influence quantities, which can be expected during practical use. The
customer can estimate, for a specific application, the relevant standard uncertainty components in
order to derive and state the uncertainty of the measuring result.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17123-9:2018(E)
Optics and optical instruments — Field procedures for
testing geodetic and surveying instruments —
Part 9:
Terrestrial laser scanners
1 Scope
This document specifies field procedures for determining and evaluating the precision (repeatability)
of terrestrial laser scanners and their ancillary equipment when used in building, civil engineering and
surveying measurements. Primarily, these tests are intended to be field verifications of the suitability
of a particular instrument for the immediate task at hand, and to satisfy the requirements of other
standards. They are not proposed as tests for accep
...