ISO/FDIS 27914

ISO/TC 265
Secretariat: SCC
ISO/TC 265/WG 3
Date: 2025-08-0410-17
Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage —
Geological storage
Capture, transport et stockage géologique du dioxyde de carbone — Stockage géologique
FDIS stage
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ii
Contents
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Integrated project management . 8
4.1 General. 8
4.2 Storage project . 8
4.3 Project management plan . 10
4.4 Information management . 11
5 Site screening, feasibility investigation and characterization . 12
5.1 General. 12
5.2 Site screening . 12
5.3 Site feasibility investigation. 13
5.4 Site characterization and assessment . 14
5.5 Modelling and assessment . 18
6 Risk management . 21
6.1 General. 21
6.2 Risk evaluation criteria . 21
6.3 Risk management plan . 21
6.4 Risk assessment . 22
6.5 Risk treatment . 24
6.6 Review and documentation . 24
7 Well infrastructure . 25
7.1 General. 25
7.2 Materials . 26
7.3 Design and construction . 26
7.4 Recompletion and workover of wells . 31
7.5 Abandonment of wells . 32
8 CO storage site operations . 32
8.1 General. 32
8.2 Design of CO storage operations . 33
8.3 Operations management plan . 34
8.4 Operating procedures . 35
8.5 Maintenance procedures . 36
8.6 Data acquisition, monitoring and testing . 36
8.7 Well intervention (workovers) . 38
8.8 Information management . 39
9 Monitoring and verification . 39
9.1 Purpose . 39
9.2 M&V program periods . 40
9.3 M&V plan objectives . 41
9.4 M&V plan design . 41
10 Quantification and verification . 43
10.1 General. 43
iii
10.2 Quantification principles . 43
10.3 Measurement of input . 46
10.4 Methodologies for quantification of loss . 47
10.5 Quantification documentation and data retention . 47
10.6 Verification of the quantification . 49
11 Project termination . 50
11.1 General. 50
11.2 Criteria for project termination . 51
11.3 Project termination plan . 51
11.4 Project termination qualification process . 52
Annex A (informative) General well schematic . 54
Annex B (informative) Illustration of quantification principles. 58
Bibliography . 61

iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 265, Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and
geological storage.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 27914:2017), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— revision of 3Clause 3 – Terms and conditions, in alignment with other revisions of the standard;
— deletion of 4Clause 4 regarding management systems, to remove content that is well-covered by other
standards;
— addition of a new 4Clause 4 regarding integrated project management, to provide guidance on how to
navigate the standard; and
— addition of 10Clause 10 regarding quantification and verification.
A list of all parts in the ISO 27914 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO ) is recognized as a key technology for abatement of CO emissions
2 2
to the atmosphere or ocean and is an essential component in the process of CO capture and storage
[ [1] ]
(CCS) Error! Reference source not found.). The objective of this . This document isaims to provide
requirementsaddress the need for the safe and effective long-term storage of CO (see 0in subsurface geologic
formations through all phases ) and to be able to quantify stored CO .
The life cycle of a CO geological storage project life cycle (see Figure 1) and for the quantification of stored
CO . This document applies to covers all phases and activities of the project, from the start of the project
including site screening, feasibility investigation, characterization, assessment, engineering, permitting and
construction, through the start of injection of CO into geologic formations for the sole purposeand proceeding
through subsequent operations until cessation of storage and does not apply to CO injection for the purpose
of hydrocarbon recovery, or storage of CO that occurs in associationand culminating in the post-injection
phase, which concludes with CO -EOR. ISO 29716:2019 addresses CO storage in association with CO -
2 2 2
EORproject termination.
This document is supplemented by recommended practice manuals for CO storage and numerous standards
and technical recommendations developed for the oil and gas industry (see Bibliography References [Error!
Reference source not found. [1]] to [Error! Reference source not found. [12]). ]).
This document does not address the quantification of greenhouse gases (GHGs) other than CO for CO storage
2 2
projects. CCS projects quantifying CO in accordance withaccording to this document can address quantifying,
monitoring, and reporting, and validating or verifying other GHG emissions reductions or removals through
the application of ISO 14064-2:2019 and other parts of the ISO 14064 -series standards as appropriate. Results
from the quantification of CO stored in accordance withaccording to this document can be used in accordance
withaccording to ISO 14064-2:2019.
Limits of this Standard
Start of Cessation of Project
injection injection termination
Site screening Site Design and Post-
Phase name Operations Post-injection
and feasibility characterization development termination
Operator
Regulatory
authority
Figure 1 — Entities involved in the storage project life cycle

vi
Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storage —
Geological storage
1 Scope
1.1 General
The life cycle of a CO geological storage project covers all phases and activities of the project, from the start
of the project including site screening, feasibility investigation, characterization, assessment, engineering,
permitting, and construction, through the start of injection, and proceeding through subsequent operations
until cessation of injection and culminating in the post-injection phase, which concludes with project
termination. Figure 1 illustrates the limits of this document.
NOTE The post-injection phase in this document corresponds with the post-closure phase defined in the EU CCS
[ [1]]
Directive Error! Reference source not found. and with the post-injection site closure (PISC) period in the US under
[ .[66]]
the Class VI rule Error! Reference source not found. . Termination in this document corresponds with the end of the
[ [1]]
EU Directive Error! Reference source not found. post-closure period.

Figure 1 — Entities involved in the storage project life cycle
vii
1.2 Carbon dioxide capture, transportation and geological storageInclusions
— Geological storage
1 Scope
1.31.1 This document:
a) a) establishes requirements for the geological storage of CO streams, the purpose of which is to
support safe, long-term containment of CO in a way that minimizes risk of CO losses;
2 2
b) b) is applicable for both onshore and offshore geological storage within permeable and porous
geological strata including hydrocarbon reservoirs where a CO stream is not being injected for the
purpose of enhancing hydrocarbon production;
c) c) includes activities associated with site screening and feasibility investigation, characterization,
design and development, operation of storage projects, and preparation for project termination;
d) d) recognizes that the geological characteristics, physical boundaries, management, intrinsic
technical risk and uncertainties, of each site are likely to be unique for each project and that intrinsic
technical risk and uncertainty will be dealt with on a site-specific basis;
e) e) provides requirements for integrated project management, including elements of risk
management unique to the geological storage of CO streams; and
f) f) establishes a methodology for quantifying the net mass of CO that geological storage projects
store in storage unit(s).
1.4 0Exclusions
illustrates the limits of this document.
1.51.2 This document does not apply to:
a) a) temporary storage in tanks or by other means;
b) b) the post-termination phase;
c) c) injection of CO for enhancing production of hydrocarbons or for storage associated with CO -
2 2
EOR;
d) d) disposal of other acid gases except as considered part of the CO stream;
e) e) disposal of waste and other matter added for purpose of disposal; or
f) f) underground storage using any form of buried container.
If production of hydrocarbons in commercial quantities begins from the storage unit(s), the storage project is
outside of the scope of this document and ISO 27916 applies to CO storage. A CO -EOR project that has stored
2 2
CO in association with CO -EOR can transition to operate under this document after all production of
2 2
hydrocarbons from the storage unit(s) has ceased.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
abandonment
process and procedures used to permanently end the operation of a well in a manner that meets project
objectives (Error! Reference source not found.)
Note 1 to entry: Well abandonment is designed to eliminate the physical hazard of the well (the hole in the ground),
eliminate a pathway for leakage, and prevent changes in the hydrogeologic system, such as the changes in hydraulic head
and the mixing of formation fluids between hydraulically distinct strata.
3.2 3.2
area of review
geographical area(s) designated for assessment of the extent to which a storage project (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.47)) can affect life and human health, the environment, competitive development of
other resources, or infrastructure
Note 1 to entry: The delineation of an area of review defines the outer perimeters on the land surface or seabed and water
surface within which assessments will be conducted as maycan be required by regulatory authorities.
3.3 3.3
baseline
reference basis for comparison against which variance of a measured parameter is monitored or measured
3.4 3.4
CO plume
carbon dioxide plume
region within geologic strata where injected CO is present in free phase
3.5 3.5
CO stream
carbon dioxide stream
stream consisting overwhelmingly of CO
Note 1 to entry: The stream is a fluid mixture that may include any incidental associated substances (impurities) derived
from the source materials or the capture process and any substances added to the stream to enable or improve the
injection process or trace substances added to assist in CO migration detection.
3.6 3.6
confining unit
geological strata that are part of a storage complex (Error! Reference source not found.(3.45)) and
effectively restrict migration of fluids out of the storage unit (Error! Reference source not found.(3.50)) and
leakage (Error! Reference source not found.(3.16)) out of the storage complex
Note 1 to entry: Described in reservoir engineering as caprock and in hydrogeology as aquitard or aquiclude.
3.7 3.7
compartment
portion of a storage unit (Error! Reference source not found.(3.50)) that is geologically and hydraulicly
separated from other portions of the storage unit
3.8
3.8
containment
retention of CO within a storage complex (Error! Reference source not found.(3.45))
3.9 3.9
custody transfer meter
measurement instrument that furnishes quantity and quality information used for quantification and the basis
for a change in responsibility for the CO stream
3.10 3.10
decommission
process of taking an engineered system or component out of service, render it inoperative, dismantle and
decontaminate it
3.11 3.11
detection threshold
smallest value of a property of a substance or effect that can be reliably detected by a specific method of
measurement in a specified context
3.12 3.12
element of concern
project objective (Error! Reference source not found.) for which risk (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.36)) is evaluated and managed
3.13 3.13
elevated pressure zone
geographical area where there is sufficient pressure in the storage unit (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.50)) to cause flow of formation fluids from the storage unit through the confining unit (Error!
Reference source not found.(3.6)) along an accessible pathway
3.14 3.14
geological storage
safe, long-term containment (Error! Reference source not found.(3.8)) of CO stream (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.5)) in subsurface geological formations
Note 1 to entry: Long-term means the minimum period necessary for CO geological storage to be considered an effective
and environmentally safe climate change mitigation option.
Note 2 to entry: The term “sequestration” has been used by a number of countries and organizations instead of “storage”
(e.g. the international “Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum”). The two terms are considered to be synonymous, and
only “storage” is used in this document.
3.15 3.15
injectivity
sustainable rate at which fluids can be pumped into the storage unit(s) (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.50)) given pressure constraints
3.16 3.16
leakage
unintended release of CO out of a pre-defined containment (Error! Reference source not found.(3.8))
[SOURCE: ISO 27917:2017, 3.2.14], modified — "CO " has been removed from the term and Note 1 to entry
has been deleted.]
3.17 3.17
legacy well
pre-existing well within the area of review (Error! Reference source not found.(3.2)) of a CO
storageCO storage project (Error! Reference source not found.(3.47))
3.18 3.18
likelihood
chance of something happening, expressed qualitatively or quantitatively
3.19 3.19
loss
leakage (Error! Reference source not found.(3.16),), intended and unintended releases of CO from a
storage facility (Error! Reference source not found.(3.46),), and transfers of the CO stream (Error!
Reference source not found.(3.5)) to outside of the storage site (Error! Reference source not found.(3.49))
Note 1 to entry: Refer to 10.210.2 for the usage within quantification.
3.20 3.20
management of change
process used when making changes to equipment or procedures, which includes risk (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.36)) management, technical assurance, documentation, and the communication of
change to relevant personnel and stakeholders (Error! Reference source not found.(3.44))
3.21 3.21
mechanical integrity
mechanical condition of a well, such that its ability to function properly and safely is maintained
3.22 3.22
mechanical integrity test
MIT
test performed on a well to confirm that it maintains mechanical integrity (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.21))
Note 1 to entry: MITs are a means of measuring the adequacy of the construction of a well and a way to detect problems
within the well system.
3.23 3.23
monitoring
continuous or periodic checking, supervising, observing, measuring or determining the status of a system to
identify change from baseline (Error! Reference source not found.(3.3))
3.24 3.24
native CO
native carbon dioxide
CO present within and indigenous to the storage unit(s) (Error! Reference source not found.(3.50)) prior
to any CO injection
[SOURCE: ISO 27916:2019 3.15 – changed “storage reservoir” to “storage unit” and moved “within”]
3.25 3.25
operations phase
time and activities from CO stream first entering the wellhead for storage until injection ceases
3.26 3.26
overburden
geological material between the top of the storage complex (Error! Reference source not found.(3.45)) and
the ground surface or seabed
3.27 3.27
project well
newly constructed well or a converted legacy well (Error! Reference source not found.) that is operated in
support of the storage project (Error! Reference source not found.(3.47))
3.28 3.28
post-injection phase
time and activities between the cessation of injection and the demonstration of conformity with the criteria
for project termination (Error! Reference source not found.(3.33))
3.29 3.29
post-termination phase
time and activities that begin after the demonstration of conformity with the criteria for project termination
(Error! Reference source not found.(3.33))
3.30 3.30
project objective
specific goal the project operator (Error! Reference source not found.(3.31)) pursues towards ensuring the
safe, long-term containment (Error! Reference source not found.(3.8)) of stored CO
Note 1 to entry: Objectives can have different aspects (such as financial, health and safety, and environmental goals,
research, technology development, public engagement and job creation) and can apply at different levels (such as
strategic, organization-wide, project, product and process).
3.31 3.31
project operator
entity that is legally responsible for the CO storageCO storage project (Error! Reference source not
2 2
found.(3.47))
3.32 3.32
project personnel
person or persons employed by the project operator (Error! Reference source not found.(3.31),), or anyone
acting under the project operator’s control or on behalf of the project operator
3.33 3.33
project termination
end of the post-injection phase (Error! Reference source not found.(3.28),), which occurs when the project
operator (Error! Reference source not found.(3.31)) has demonstrated conformity with criteria in 11.211.2
3.34 3.34
protected groundwater
water found beneath the water table in fully saturated soils and geologic formations that is used for human
consumption, agricultural, or industrial uses or is protected from contamination by legislation or regulation
3.35 3.35
regulatory authority
entity or entities that have the authority to permit, approve, or otherwise authorize one or more storage
project (Error! Reference source not found.(3.47)) activities, or monitor conformity with the terms of a
permit
3.36 3.36
risk
effect of uncertainty on project objectives (Error! Reference source not found.)
Note 1 to entry: Level of risk is commonly expressed in terms of both the severity of consequences (negative impacts) of
an event and the associated likelihood (Error! Reference source not found.(3.18)) of their occurrence.
Note 2 to entry: An effect is a deviation from the expected and can be either positive or negative.
3.37 3.37
risk assessment
process of identifying, analysing, and evaluating risk scenarios (Error! Reference source not found.(3.40))
3.38 3.38
risk control
measure that maintains or modifies risk (Error! Reference source not found.(3.36))
[SOURCE: ISO 31000:2018 (control)]
3.39
[SOURCE: ISO 31000:2018, 3.8, modified — "risk" has been added to the term, "and/or" has been changed to
"or" in the definition and Notes 1 and 2 to entry have been deleted.]
3.39
risk evaluation criteria
terms of reference used to define the magnitude of risk (Error! Reference source not found.(3.36))
3.393.40 3.40
risk scenario
combination of circumstances that can cause negative impacts on elements of concern (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.12))
3.403.41 3.41
risk treatment
process of using risk controls (Error! Reference source not found.(3.38)) to reduce a specified risk (Error!
Reference source not found.(3.36))
3.413.42 3.42
site characterization
detailed evaluation of one or more candidate storage sites (Error! Reference source not found.(3.49)) for
CO storage identified in the screening and feasibility investigation phase of a CO storageCO storage project
2 2 2
(Error! Reference source not found.(3.47)) to confirm and refine storage complex (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.45)) integrity, storage resource (Error! Reference source not found.(3.48),), and
injectivity (Error! Reference source not found.(3.15))
3.423.43 3.43
site screening and feasibility investigation
evaluation of the suitability of candidate storage sites (Error! Reference source not found.(3.49)) by
identifying, assessing, and possibly comparing candidate storage formations or sites
3.433.44 3.44
stakeholder
individual, group of individuals, or organization whose interests are or couldcan be affected by a storage
project (Error! Reference source not found.(3.47))
[SOURCE: ISO 27917:2017 3.5.1], modified — "CCS project" has been replaced with "storage project in the
definition.]
3.443.45 3.45
storage complex
subsurface geological strata that comprise the storage unit (Error! Reference source not found.(3.50)) and
the confining unit (Error! Reference source not found.(3.6),), and extending laterally to the defined limits of
the CO storageCO storage site (Error! Reference source not found.(3.49))
2 2
3.453.46 3.46
storage facility
infrastructure and equipment, including surface facilities, wells and monitoring (Error! Reference source
not found.(3.23)) equipment, that are used for the geological storage of CO within the storage site (Error!
Reference source not found.(3.49))
3.463.47 3.47
storage project
sequence of activities associated with the development of a storage facility (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.46),), such as site feasibility investigation and characterization as well as design, construction,
operation and termination
3.473.48 3.48
storage resource
estimated ultimate storage capacity, in units of mass, for a CO stream in a storage unit(s) (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.50)) at project termination (Error! Reference source not found.(3.33))
3.483.49 3.49
storage site
physical space that includes the surface area within the area of review (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.2),), storage unit(s) (Error! Reference source not found.(3.50)) and the subsurface volume
extending from the surface to the bottom of the storage complex (Error! Reference source not found.(3.45))
3.493.50 3.50
storage unit
geological stratum (or strata) into which CO is injected and contained for the purpose of geological storage
(Error! Reference source not found.(3.14))
3.503.51 3.51
surface facility
equipment used or proposed to be used for geological storage, including wellheads, monitoring (Error!
Reference source not found.) equipment, distribution lines and other equipment used to connect injection
wells, and equipment used to accept or process carbon dioxide streams (Error! Reference source not
found.(3.5)) received at a storage facility (Error! Reference source not found.(3.46),), but not pipelines used
to transport carbon dioxide to a storage facility
3.513.52 3.52
validation
confirmation that the system under consideration meets, in all respects, the specification of that system
3.523.53 3.53
verification
confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that specified criteria are met
3.533.54 3.54
verifier
person or entity with responsibility for performing and reporting on the verification (Error! Reference
source not found.(3.53)) process
[SOURCE: ISO 14064-2:2006, 2.36]
3.55[SOURCE: ISO 14064-2:2019, 3.3.4, modified — "competent and impartial person" has been replaced with
"person or entity" and "on a verification" has been replaced with "on the verification process" in the
definition.]
3.543.55
well barrier
engineered feature or element installed or constructed in the well to prevent unintended release of fluid or
gas
3.553.56 3.56
well operation
activity during the lifecycle of a well, including drilling, cementing, operation, maintenance and abandonment
(Error! Reference source not found.(3.1))
4 Integrated project management
4.1 General
The lifecycle of a geological storage project is a series of integrated phases (see 0Figure 1).). This document
describes the processes and requirements within each phase. Integrated project management connects
project activities through the project phases and provides an auditable trail of decisions, processes,
procedures and records. Integrated project management is essential for the implementation and public
credibility of geological storage projects and processes. Successful management systems are flexible, enabling
the project operator to adapt to changes that occur during the project and robust enough to meet site-specific
project and regulatory needs.
NOTE For further information on project management refer to, for example, ISO 10006 and ISO 21500.
4.2 Storage project
4.2.1 Project phases
Geological storage projects follow a sequence of phases as shown in 0Figure 1::
a) a) site screening and feasibility investigation (see 5Clause 5););
b) b) characterization of the storage site (see 5Clause 5););
c) c) storage facility design and development (see 7Clause 7););
d) d) injection operations (see 8Clause 8);); and
e) e) post-injection to project termination (see 11Clause 11).).
4.2.2 Project activities that run across multiple phases
Within each project phase, activities may be undertaken simultaneously, in sequence or iteratively. Activities
that transcend project phases, include:
a) a) integrated project management (see 4Clause 4););
b) b) assessment and treatment of risk (see 6Clause 6););
c) c) monitoring and verification (see 9Clause 9););
d) d) quantification and verification of the injected CO stream (see 10Clause 10);); and
e) e) information management (see 4.44.4).).
4.2.3 Site screening and feasibility phase
The purpose of the site screening and feasibility phase (see 0Figure 1)) is to identify a prospective storage
site, or sites, from available options, in a manner consistent with 5.25.2,, and to eliminate sites that do not have
the characteristics required to meet storage project objectives. Site feasibility investigation involves
assessment of the subsurface and surface characteristics of prospective sites to determine their feasibility for
geological storage of CO and an initial assessment of risk (see 5.35.3).). One or more potential sites may be
selected for characterization (see 5.45.4),), modelling and assessment (see 5.55.5).).
4.2.4 Site characterization phase
4.2.4.1 The purpose of site characterization is to determine the extent, and CO storage potential, of the
storage complex, to inform the design of the storage project and to support development.
4.2.4.2 Activities undertaken during site characterization include:
a) a) delineation of the storage complex and the area of review;
b) b) determination of the geological and hydrogeological properties of the storage unit(s) (see
5.4.25.4.2)) to estimate injectivity and storage capacity;
c) c) evaluation of possible containment issues, including legacy wells (see 5.4.65.4.6););
d) d) geochemical characterization of the confining unit(s), storage unit(s) rocks and fluids (see
5.4.45.4.4););
e) e) geomechanical characterization of the confining unit(s) and storage unit(s) (see 5.4.55.4.5););
f) f) modelling (see 5.55.5)) to test injection scenarios and evaluate outcomes; and
g) g) further assessment of risk (see 6.46.4).).
4.2.4.3 Additional activities during the site characterization phase may include:
a) h) collection and analysis of additional storage site data (see 5.45.4););
b) i) preliminary designs of storage facilities and project operations (see 8Clause 8););
c) j) assessment of possible environmental impacts;
d) k) initial design of the monitoring and verification plan (see 9.49.4););
e) l) determination of economic feasibility; and
f) m) preparation of regulatory submissions.
NOTE While this clausesubclause describes the site characterization phase, site characterization activities often
continue into other phases of the storage project.
4.2.5 Design and development phase
The design and development phase of the storage project lifecycle commences after a storage site is selected
and ends when injection operations begin.
Design and development activities include:
a) a) site design;
b) b) installation of surface facilities;
c) c) well design and construction (see 7.37.3););
d) d) finalization of the initial monitoring and verification plan, installation of monitoring hardware,
and acquisition of baseline data (see 9Clause 9);); and
e) e) repair of legacy wells when deemed necessary (see 7.47.4).).
4.2.6 Operations phase
The operations phase of the storage project lifecycle commences when the storage project receives the first
CO stream and ends immediately after injection of the last CO stream.
2 2
Storage facility operation activities include:
a) a) receipt and delivery of the CO stream to injection wells;
b) b) injection operations (see 8Clause 8););
c) c) monitoring of the storage site (see 9Clause 9););
d) d) quantification of CO streams (see 10Clause 10););
e) e) monitoring and maintenance of equipment and infrastructure (see 8.58.5);); and
f) f) planning and preparations for project termination (see 11Clause 11).).
4.2.7 Post-injection phase
The post-injection phase of the storage project life cycle starts when CO injection finishes and ends when the
project operator has demonstrated conformity with criteria for project termination (see 11.211.2).).
Termination activities include:
a) a) finalizing criteria for termination (see 11.211.2)) and finalizing the project termination plan
(see 11.311.3););
b) b) decommissioning of the storage facility as specified in the termination plan, and consistent
with the requirements for the abandonment of wells (see 7.57.5););
c) c) implementing the monitoring and verification program for the post-injection phase (see
9.2.49.2.4););
d) d) executing the qualification process for project termination (see 11.411.4);); and
e) e) archiving of reports, results, and other data that form the basis for the termination qualification
process.
4.3 Project management plan
4.3.1 General
The project management plan is a living document that provides an integrated project management reference
through the life cycle of the geological storage project from site screening through to project termination. The
project operator shall develop and maintain a project management plan from the onset of the project.
The project management plan should be reviewed as additional knowledge is gained regarding project
performance and containment assurance. The project management plan should be updated when significant
changes occur to the storage project that are likely to impact project outcomes, and the updated plan should
be included in the project register (see 4.4.24.4.2).).
4.3.2 Project management plan specifications
The project management plan should include, but is not limited to:
a) a) statements of project objectives;
b) b) a description of the proposed project phases, the activities to be conducted within each phase,
and the proposed timeline for those activities, phases, and the total project;
c) c) project description (see 4.3.34.3.3););
d) d) criteria for project termination (see 11.211.2););
e) e) risk management plan (see 6.36.3););
f) f) operations management plan (see 8Clause 8););
g) g) monitoring and verification plan (see 9Clause 9););
h) h) quantification and verification methodologies (see 10Clause 10););
i) i) project termination plan (see 11.3Clause 11.3);); and
j) j) information management plan (see 4.44.4).).
4.3.3 Project description
The project operator shall describe the storage project, including:
a) a) the location and delineation of the physical extents of the storage facility, the storage complex,
and the area of review;
b) b) the location of surface and any subsea infrastructure including the location of stream flow
meters and CO stream sampling points;
c) c) location of all legacy and project wells and CO stream injection depths;
d) d) the mass and composition of the CO stream to be injected and receipt conditions, including
pressure and temperature;
e) e) injection period (e.g. expected life of the facility);
f) f) predicted maximum extent of the CO plume and the elevated pressure zone over time; and
g) g) other resources within the area of review.
4.4 Information management
4.4.1 Information management plan
An information management plan defines the tools and procedures that will be used to collect, retain, and
document project information. It facilitates the availability of accurate, up-to-date information at all phases of
the project.
The project operator s
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