ISO/TS 16843-3:2017

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 16843-3
First edition
2017-12
Health informatics — Categorial
structures for representation of
acupuncture —
Part 3:
Moxibustion
Informatique de santé — Structures catégoriques pour la
représentation de l'acupuncture —
Partie 3: Moxibustion
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
1.1 Main purpose . 1
1.2 Target groups . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Categorial structure . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Characterizing categories . 4
4.2.1 Moxibustion site . 4
4.2.2 Insulating medium . 5
4.2.3 Moxibustion device . 5
4.2.4 Non-moxa device . 5
4.2.5 Moxa device . 5
4.2.6 Moxibustion material . 5
4.2.7 Irritant . 5
4.2.8 Performing method . 6
4.2.9 Supplementation and draining method . 6
4.2.10 Dose . . 6
4.3 Semantic links . 6
4.3.1 is applied on . 6
4.3.2 is used for . 6
4.3.3 is placed on . 6
4.3.4 is used in . 7
4.3.5 is used with . 7
4.3.6 is applied for . 7
5 Conformance . 7
Annex A (informative) Selected definitions from ISO 1087-1:2000 . 8
Annex B (informative) Selected definitions from ISO 17115:2007 .12
Bibliography .15
Foreword
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This document was prepared by ISO/TC 215, Health informatics.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 16843 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Acupuncture therapy is widely practised as a part of complementary and alternative medicine
treatments in western countries. Moxibustion is a therapeutic procedure using ignited material to
apply heat to certain points or areas of the body surface for treating diseases through regulation of the
functions of meridians/channels and visceral organs.
A guideline for reporting acupuncture intervention in clinical trials has already been provided and a
large number of clinical trials have been conducted to assess the efficacy and efficiency of acupuncture
therapy. However, the descriptions of moxibustion as an acupuncture intervention in clinical reports
tend to be insufficient for interpretation of heterogeneity among trials, often causing difficulties in
synthesizing data in meta-analysis. This arises from three reasons:
a) an appropriate information structure of moxibustion is not formulated;
b) peculiar concepts within traditional medicine in the western pacific-rim region originated in China
are not considered sufficient;
c) semantic associations between concepts of moxibustion need to be explicit.
This document defines the categorial structures in the field of moxibustion in order to solve these
existing problems.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 16843-3:2017(E)
Health informatics — Categorial structures for
representation of acupuncture —
Part 3:
Moxibustion
1 Scope
1.1 Main purpose
This document aims to specify categorial structure in the field of moxibustion by defining a set of
domain constraints for use within terminological resources.
This document describes a concept system detailing domain constraints of sanctioned characteristics,
each composed of a semantic link and applicable characterizing categories.
Specification of categorial structures for representation of acupuncture points and other sites of the
body, indications, prohibition and effect are out of the scope of this document.
The potential uses for this document include:
— supporting developers to provide new terminological systems concerning moxibustion;
— supporting developers to provide new detailed content areas of existing terminological systems
concerning the moxibustion process to ensure its conformance;
— facilitating the representation of the moxibustion process using a standardized core model in a
manner suitable for computer processing;
— providing a conceptual framework for the generation of a compositional concept representation of
moxibustion;
— facilitating the mapping and improved semantic correspondence between different terminologies
by proposing a core specification for moxibustion;
— providing a core model to describe the structure of moxibustion, and facilitate improved semantic
correspondence with information models;
— providing a tool for moxibustion text mining, database construction, ancient document processing
over a wide area of acupuncture information collection and processing;
— providing a new method for researchers to conduct relevant research, and ideas for the development
of acupuncture and moxibustion disciplines.
1.2 Target groups
The target groups for this document are:
— developers of terminological systems;
— developers of information systems that require a structured framework of concepts to facilitate
implementation and communication;
— informaticians and analysts who require common models of knowledge to facilitate analysis of
current and legacy data from one or more information systems;
— clinicians and coders to provide greater consistency in structure and organization when entering
and retrieving data using one or more terminological resources.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
moxibustion
therapeutic procedure involving ignited material [usually moxa (3.3)] to apply heat to certain points or
areas of the body surface for curing disease through regulation of the function of meridians/channels
and visceral organs
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.1]
3.2
moxa floss
cotton-like material for moxibustion (3.1) made from mugwort leaves
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.3]
3.3
moxa
plant from which moxa floss (3.2) is prepared
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.2]
3.4
moxa cone
cone-shaped moxibustion material (see 4.2.6) made of moxa floss (3.2) for moxibustion (3.1)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.4]
3.5
moxa cone moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) with an ignited moxa cone (3.4) either directly on the skin or indirectly using an
insulating medium
Note 1 to entry: See 4.2.2.
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.5, modified]
3.6
direct moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) in which an ignited moxa cone (3.4) is applied directly to the skin surface at certain
points or areas of the body surface
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.6]
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

3.7
indirect moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) performed by placing some insulating material between the moxa cones (3.4) and
the skin
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.8]
3.8
moxa stick
round long stick made of moxa floss (3.2)
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 18666:2015, 3.6]
3.9
moxa stick moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) with an ignited moxa stick (3.8)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.13]
3.10
warm needling therapy
therapy involving warm needling moxibustion (3.1) that uses a warm needle as a moxibustion device
(see 4.2.3)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.30]
3.11
moxa burner
receptacle as a moxa device (see 4.2.5) designed to hold burning moxa floss (3.2)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.31]
3.12
moxa burner moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) with a moxa burner (3.11) as a moxa device (see 4.2.5) to hold the ignited moxa floss (3.2)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.32]
3.13
electro-moxibustion
moxibustion (3.1) using a non-moxa device (see 4.2.4) and electrical dermal stimulation used in place of
moxa (3.3)
[SOURCE: WHO IST 2007, 5.2.36]
4 Categorial structure
4.1 General
Moxibustion in the context of this document is one part of moxibustion treatment, one of multiple
moxibustion actions to the moxibustion sites. The formal concept representation system in the field
of moxibustion has semantic links to the following characterizing categories and semantic links
among them.
The outline of those characterizing categories and semantic links is illustrated in a concept diagram in
Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Concept diagram for representation of moxibustion
4.2 Characterizing categories
4.2.1 Moxibustion site
Certain points or areas of the body surface to which moxibustion (3.1) is applied.
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

4.2.2 Insulating medium
The material used for insulation during indirect moxibustion (3.7).
EXAMPLE 1 Ginger, garlic, salt, prepared aconite, black pepper, red clay [WHO IST 2007, 5.2.9 to 5.211].
EXAMPLE 2 Layer(s) of cloth or paper for pressing moxibustion [WHO IST 2007, 5.2.24].
4.2.3 Moxibustion device
A piece of apparatus that uses moxa floss (3.2) as the main combustion material in a traditional way or
provides heat instead of moxa floss (3.2).
EXAMPLE Moxibustion tube.
NOTE A moxibustion tube is a type of moxibustion device, such as a short moxa stick with a cardboard base
and a moxa tube (made of cardboard) that is single use and developed as an alternative to direct moxibustion.
Moxibustion devices include those accessories as defined by the manufacturers that are necessary to enable the
normal use of moxibustion devices.
4.2.4 Non-moxa device
A piece of apparatus
...