ISO 21195:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21195
First edition
Ships and marine technology —
Systems for the detection of persons
while going overboard from ships
(Man overboard detection)
Navires et technologie maritime — Systèmes pour la détection des
personnes passant par-dessus bord (détection d’un homme à la mer)
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 21195:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 21195:2020(E)

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© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Requirements . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Principle of operation . 3
5.3 System description . 4
5.4 Control station . 4
5.5 Design and testing . 4
5.5.1 General. 4
5.5.2 Light emitting system components . 4
5.5.3 Noise emitting system components . 5
5.5.4 Power . 5
5.5.5 Electromagnetic compatibility. 5
5.5.6 Ingress protection . 5
5.5.7 Environmental vibration . 5
5.5.8 Thermal performance . 5
5.6 MOB detection . 5
5.7 MOB detection zone . 5
5.8 MOB indication initiators . 6
5.9 Visual indication . 6
5.10 Audible indication . 6
5.11 MOB verification data . 6
5.12 MOB Event actions . 6
5.13 MOB event message . 7
5.14 MOB event log . 7
5.15 Operational status . 7
5.16 Captured data . 8
5.17 Date and time stamps . 8
5.18 Data storage . 8
5.19 User account types. 8
5.20 Access controls . 9
5.21 Anti-tamper protection . 9
5.22 Security log . 9
5.23 Compliance with appropriate IMO resolutions . 9
5.24 MOB testing manikin . 9
6 Controlled environment performance requirements.10
6.1 General .10
6.2 Basic probability of detection .10
7 Shipboard-based performance requirements .11
7.1 General .11
7.2 Probability of detection .11
7.3 False alarm rate .13
7.4 Standby mode .13
Annex A (informative) Recommendations .14
Bibliography .15
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology,
Subcommittee SC 1, Maritime safety.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

Introduction
The lack of standardized man overboard (MOB) detection system requirements has made it difficult for
end users to objectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of such systems. This document addresses
these issues by clearly defining the technical specifications for the equipment, thereby allowing
manufacturers to develop systems against a common set of requirements and enabling end-users to
evaluate the safety, effectiveness, performance and reliability of MOB detection systems.
This document provides a method to verify that a system operates to the required performance in a
specified environmental window (Table 1) and against a manikin of the size described in 5.24. Systems
that are operational outside the prescribed environmental conditions or used to detect people that
do not conform to the effective manikin size can suffer some degradation in performance. It is not
currently possible to quantify that degradation.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21195:2020(E)
Ships and marine technology — Systems for the detection
of persons while going overboard from ships (Man
overboard detection)
1 Scope
This document specifies technical requirements for systems designed to detect a person who has gone
overboard from a ship.
This document does not cover man overboard (MOB) detection systems that require the passengers or
crew to wear or carry a device to trigger an MOB event.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60945:2002, Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems — General
requirements — Methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61162 (all parts), Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems — Digital
interfaces
IMO Resolution A., 1021(26), Code on alerts and indicators, 2009
IMO Resolution MSC., 302(87), Bridge alert management
IMO Resolution MSC, 337(91), Adoption Of The Code On Noise Levels On Board Ships
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
accessible open area
area of the ship accessible to either passengers or crew and open to the outside, where a person who fell
would end up overboard
3.2
active state
state in which the system is on
3.3
alarm action
action available within the system when a MOB alert or alarm is triggered or changes status
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

3.4
control station
equipment that provides the facilities for human observation and control of the MOB detection system
3.5
data
information captured and/or generated by the MOB detection system
Note 1 to entry: Data can be in either a raw or a processed form and includes basic (e.g. text, numeric, Boolean),
composite (e.g. array, class, and list) and multimedia (e.g. images, audio, and video) data types.
3.6
environmental vibration
periodic motion of equipment installed aboard ships as a result of environmental forces
3.7
false alarm
system activation not caused by an actual MOB event
3.8
heading
angle between the direction in which the ship’s bow is pointing and a reference direction, e.g. true
north, expressed in degrees, usually from 000° clockwise through 360°
3.9
laboratory
body that performs one or more of the following activities:
— testing
— calibration
— sampling associated with subsequent testing or calibration
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 17025:2017, 3.6, modified — Note 1 to entry has been omitted.]
3.10
man overboard event
MOB event
incident in which person(s) has accidently or intentionally gone over the side/front/back of a ship and
into the water
3.11
man overboard verification data
MOB verification data
system data (3.5) that may be used by user to acknowledge, deny, confirm or terminate a MOB alert or
alarm at the control station (3.4)
3.12
nominal operating conditions
set of ship and environmental conditions
Note 1 to entry: See Table 1.
Table 1 — Nominal operating conditions
Condition Value
Wave height 0 m to 2,5 m
Precipitation None
Ship speed over ground 0 knots to 25 knots
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

3.13
sensor unit
device or system of devices that detects and responds to one or more physical stimuli
3.14
underway
not at anchor, made fast to the shore, or aground
4 Abbreviated terms
ECDIS electronic chart display and information system
MOB man overboard
RAID redundant array of independent disks
S-VDR simplified voyage data recorder
VDR voyage data recorder
5 Requirements
5.1 General
The testing outlined in this document shall be conducted by a laboratory meeting the requirements of
ISO 17025 or may be conducted by the manufacturer, provided the tests conducted by the manufacturer
are approved by a laboratory meeting the requirements of ISO 17025 or classification society that
complies with the applicable unified interpretations and requirements posted by the International
Association of Classification Societies (IACS) or other recognized organization.
NOTE IACS is an organization that establishes, reviews, promotes and develops minimum technical
requirements in relation to the design, construction, maintenance and survey of ships and other marine related
facilities. It also assists international regulatory bodies and standards organizations to develop, implement and
interpret statutory regulations and industry standards in ship design, construction and maintenance, with a
view to improving safety at sea and the prevention of marine pollution.
The intent of the following requirements is to measure the system level of performance in the intended,
nominal operational environment.
Annex A provides additional recommendations for guidance to those developing, installing, testing and
using MOB detection systems.
5.2 Principle of operation
An MOB system shall operate in accordance with the principles described in this subclause.
The MOB system sensors shall detect persons and other objects passing through the detection zone
(see 5.7). Processing or analysis of the raw data may be conducted in the sensor(s), a server, the control
station or any combination of the three.
Once the analysis is complete, the system shall have automatically excluded any event that is not a man
overboard event (plus allowable rate of false alarms). For each event that passes the threshold for an
MOB event, the system shall generate an indication. A human operator shall be required to review the
event and determine if the event is a man overboard event or a false alarm.
False alarms shall be recorded in the system with a comment from the operator on the cause. This will
be used to further develop understanding of the behaviour of such systems during normal operations
and varied environmental conditions.
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

Man overboard events shall remain active on the control station until marked complete by a human
operator with comments on outcome.
The MOB system shall be designed with the possibility to connect to integrated navigation systems
(ECDIS) to display geospatially referenced MOB event markers.
The MOB system shall be designed with input interfaces for time, position and available
environmental data.
5.3 System description
A general MOB detection system described in this document consists of a control station, sensor units,
cables and associated software (Figure 1).
NOTE Depending on the system, the associated software can be installed on the control station and/or
sensor units.
Figure 1 — Block diagram of a general MOB detection system with logical links
5.4 Control station
The system shall include a control station where alarms and data can be reviewed.
The system shall have the capability for an operator to manually select an imaging sensor and timeline
for playback at the control station.
5.5 Design and testing
5.5.1 General
The MOB system shall be designed and tested to comply with the requirements of IEC 60945 for
protected or exposed components as appropriate for each system sub-assembly.
Specific requirements described in 5.5.2 to 5.5.8.
5.5.2 Light emitting system components
The intensity of light emitting system components located or installed in the bridge area shall be fully
dimmable and capable of being controlled at the control station.
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

5.5.3 Noise emitting system components
All parts of the system that is installed in the navigating bridge and/or chartrooms shall have a
combined noise level of less than 60dB(A) at a distance of 1 m from any part of the equipment under test
(EUT), as defined in IEC 60945:2002, 11.1. The MOB audible alarm is exempt from this requirement.
System components installed in locations other than the navigating bridge or chartroom shall follow
the maximum noise levels set forth by IMO Resolution MSC.337(91) The MOB audible alarm is exempt
from this requirement.
5.5.4 Power
The equipment shall be compatible with ship’s power as specified and tested in accordance with
IEC 60945 for nominal AC power input between 100 Vrms and 230 Vrms.
5.5.5 Electromagnetic compatibility
The system shall satisfy the requirements for electromagnetic emission and immunity to
electromagnetic environments set forth in IEC 60945.
5.5.6 Ingress protection
All components of the system that are required to be installed in an area of the ship that is open to the
elements shall be certified to an ingress protection rating of IPx6 or greater. Testing shall be conducted
in line with procedures in IEC 60945.
5.5.7 Environmental vibration
The system shall be capable of withstanding typical environmental vibrations that can be encountered
on the ship. The system shall be tested in accordance with IEC 60945 to determine this capability.
5.5.8 Thermal performance
The system shall be certified as having been tested against the thermal requirements of IEC 60945 as
applicable to each component.
5.6 MOB detection
The system shall detect persons that pass through the MOB detection zone (see 5.7) while going
overboard.
The method of detection shall not require the passengers or crew to wear or carry a device to trigger an
MOB event.
At a minimum, the system shall be capable of detecting a human with a height greater than 1,466 m.
th
This height is based on the minimum 5 percentile stature data published in ISO/TR 7250-2.
5.7 MOB detection zone
The MOB detection zone shall be designed to:
a) cover the entire periphery of the ship;
b) be located at or below the lowest accessible open area; and
c) extend a minimum of 8 m from the periphery of the ship.
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

The periphery of the ship is defined as the widest part of the ship at any location and is extended to
include lifeboats. Other enclosed objects that protrude over the edge of the ship (e.g. rides, slides, etc.)
do not modify the ship periphery.
System coverage shall be determined by using a general arrangement drawing (e.g. blueprint, computer-
aided design model, etc.) of the ship, sensor installation locations, and the detection envelope of the
sensor units.
5.8 MOB indication initiators
The system shall be capable of initiating an MOB indication based on data captured from the sensor units.
The system shall not require human interaction to trigger an MOB indication.
The system shall allow users to manually initiate an MOB indication at the control station for the
purposes of initiating a drill or if manual review of video imagery indicates an MOB event that did not
cause an alarm. Manually initiated MOB indications shall occur immediately. MOB indications manually
initiated for the purpose of a drill shall be designated as a drill within the system.
5.9 Visual indication
The system shall generate a visual indication in response to an MOB event. The visual indication
shall remain active until the MOB event has been acknowledged at the control station. The visual
presentation of the indication shall satisfy the requirements set forth in IMO Resolution A.1021(26).
Visual indications displayed on the bridge shall comply with relevant clauses of IEC 62288.
5.10 Audible indication
Once an MOB event has been initiated, the system shall generate an audible indication. The audible
indication shall remain active until acknowledged at the control station.
When active, audible indications located on the navigation bridge shall have an acoustic noise level
between 75 dB(A) and 85 dB(A) at distance of 1 m from the system, as defined in IEC 60945:2002, 11.1.
Audible presentation of MOB events on the bridge shall comply with relevant clauses of IEC 62288.
Audible indications installed in locations other than the navigating bridge shall follow the guidance set
forth by IMO Resolution A.1021(26).
5.11 MOB verification data
The system shall make available MOB verification data, in the form of still or video images, to a human
operator within 5 s of an MOB alert.
The system shall allow a human operator to control the playback of available MOB verification data.
MOB verification data shall include:
a) data obtained from the sensor unit(s) that initiated the MOB indication; and
b) data obtained from 5 s before the MOB event until 5 s after.
The resolution of the MOB verification data shall be sufficient to allow for a human operator to distinguish
between a human and other objects at the maximum range of the detection envelope of the sensor.
5.12 MOB Event actions
The system shall allow authorized system users to acknowledge, deny or confirm an MOB indication at
the control station. Each action shall produce a different system response, the details of which can be
found in Table 2.
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ISO 21195:2020(E)

Table 2 — Requisite alarm actions
Alarm action Description Required system response
Acknowledge Allows a user to acknowledge the — Stop the audible indication
MOB indication
— Stop the visual indication
a
Deny Allows a user to classify an acknowl- — Stop the MOB event log
edged MOB event as a false alarm
— Provide the user with the
option to create a text-based
MOB log entry
b
Confirm Allows a user to classify an acknowl- — Escalate the MOB indication to
edged MOB indication as a hu- an MOB alert
man-verified MOB event
— Provide the user with the
option to create a text-based
MOB log entry
a
System users should only deny an MOB event in the system after reviewing the data.
b
The confirm MOB action shall be an optional step in the event review process.
The system shall be capable of marking all data corresponding to an MOB event to prevent deletion or
overwriting of the data prior to the 30-day minimum storage duration (see 5.14).
5.13 MOB event message
Once a MOB event has been confirmed by an authorized system user, the system shall output a
MOB message as specified in IEC 61162 (all parts). Before the system is physically connected to any
navigation system consideration shall be given to cyber security issues.
5.14 MOB event log
The system shall generate an MOB event log when an MOB indication is initiated. The MOB event log
shall contain the following items:
a) date and time of alleged MOB event;
b) the identity(s) of the sensor unit(s) that initiated the MOB indication;
c) current ship location;
d) current ship heading;
e) current ship speed over ground; and
f) username(s) and, if appropriate, event actions(s) of any individual logged into the system.
The MOB alarm log shall be maintained for a minimum of 30 days.
5.15 Operational status
The system s
...