ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd 2:2009

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 19794-5
First edition
2005-06-15
AMENDMENT 2
2009-11-01

Information technology — Biometric data
interchange formats —
Part 5:
Face image data
AMENDMENT 2: Three-dimensional face
image data interchange format
Technologies de l'information — Formats d'échange de données
biométriques —
Partie 5: Données d'image de la face
AMENDEMENT 2: Format d'échange de données d'image de la face
tridimensionnelles




Reference number
ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2009

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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Amendment 2 to ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, Subcommittee SC 37, Biometrics.
This amendment is intended to establish a data interchange format for storing three-dimensional (3D) human
face images. To achieve this, several new image types are introduced that are a combination of 2D facial
images and associated 3D shape information.
This amendment describes the necessary changes to the data interchange format regarding the capability to
hold 3D information and the additional requirements for 3D data.

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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)

Information technology — Biometric data interchange
formats —
Part 5:
Face image data
AMENDMENT 2: Three-dimensional face image data interchange
format
Page 3
Add the following reference to Clause 3:
ISO/IEC 15948:2004, Information technology — Computer graphics and image processing — Portable
Network Graphics (PNG): Functional specification
Page 5
Replace 4.16 with the following:
4.16
2D image
two-dimensional representation that encodes the luminance and/or colour texture of a capture subject in a
given lighting environment
Page 5
Add the following definitions to Clause 4:
4.24
3D image
representation that encodes a surface in a 3D space
4.25
3D point map
3D point cloud representing a capture subject, where each surface point is encoded with a triplet, representing
the x, y and z values of the point in 3D
4.26
3D vertex representation
representation using 3D vertices and triangles between these points for coding of a 3D surface
4.27
anthropometric landmark
landmark point on the face used for identification and classification of humans
4.28
anthropometric landmark code
two-part code that defines an anthropometric landmark uniquely
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
4.29
Cartesian coordinate system
3D orthogonal coordinate system
4.30
cylindrical coordinate system
three-dimensional polar coordinate system describing a point by the three components radius, azimuth and
height
4.31
range image
numerical matrix that encodes a surface point in 3D space, where the position encodes the first two
coordinates and the value at that position encodes the third coordinate
4.32
PNG format
lossless image compression standard specified in ISO/IEC 15948
4.33
texture
two-dimensional representation of the luminance and/or colour of a capture subject in a given lighting
environment
4.34
texture projection matrix
3x4 matrix to transform a 3D surface coordinate from a metric Cartesian Coordinate System to a 2D texture
image coordinate, where the transformation makes use of the 3D homogenous coordinates of the 3D point as
well as the 2D homogenous coordinates of the 2D point
NOTE See bibliography item [13] for details.
Page 5
Replace clause 5.1 with the following:
5.1 Overview
The face record format specified in this document is a format to store face image data within a biometric data
record. Each record shall pertain to a single subject and shall contain at least one or more 2D image and zero
or more geometric representations (range images, 3D point maps, 3D vertex representations) of a human
face. Depending on the face image type, a 3D representation of a face may be included in addition to the 2D
image. This record is embedded in the biometric data block in a CBEFF compliant structure. The record
structure is depicted in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
Adherence to this format requires compliance to the standards referred to above. In particular, the header and
the entire data structure will be CBEFF compatible, 2D image data will be encoded using either JPEG or
JPEG2000.

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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
CBEFF Facial Record Facial CBEFF
Header Header Record Data Signature
Facial
Number of Facial
Format Identifier Version Number Length of Record
Record
Images
Header
4 4 4 2
2D/3D
Facial Facial Image 3D
Image Data
Landmark 3D Data
Information Information Information
Record Data
Points
12
20 8x 92
Variable Variable
Facial Number of
Facial
Property Pose Angle
Record Data Landmark Gender Eye Colour Hair Colour Expression Pose Angle
Mask Uncertainty
Information
Length Points
1
4 2 1 1 3 2 3 3
Landmark Landmark Landmark
X coordinate Y coordinate Z coordinate
Point Type Point Code
Point
1 2 2 2
1
Image
Image
Face Image Image Data
Width Height Colour Source Type Device Type Quality
Type Type
Information
Space
1
1 1 2 2 1 2 2
Length of
JPEG or
Image Data Image Data
JPEG2000
Block
2
Variable
Must be Can be
Optional
Specified unspecified

Figure 2 — The Face Image Record format. The length value of each field in bytes is shown below the
field. The white boxes indicate fields or blocks that shall be specified, light grey boxes that the fields
are mandatory, but an unspecified value is acceptable, and dark grey boxes indicate optional fields.
Note, that the 3D Information block and 3D Data block are mandatory for the 3D Types.
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
Length of 3D
3D to 2D 3D to 2D
Coordinate Texture ScaleX, OffsetX, Reserved
3D 3D 3D 2D Texture
3D
Data 3D Source 3D Device Image Texture Texture Map Texture Map
Representation Supplemental
System Projection ScaleY, OffsetY, for Future Acquisition Acquisition
representati Type Type Temporal Temporal Type Spectrum
Information Type Data Time
Type Matrix ScaleZ OffsetZ Use Time
on Synchronicity Synchronicity
1 48 12 12
4 48 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1
Range
3D Data Range
Image Bit Error Map Texture Map
Image
Range Image
Depth
1 Variable Variable Variable
3D Data 3D Point 3D Point 3D Point
Error Map Texture Map
Map Width Map Height Map
3D Point Map
2 2 Variable Variable Variable
3D Data Vertex Triangle Triangle
Normal Flag Vertex Data Texture Map
Vertex Count Face Count Data
2 4 1 Variable Variable Variable
1
Vertex Vertex Vertex Vertex
Vertex Data
Coordinates Normals Errors Texture
Vertex Vertex X Vertex Y Vertex Z
Coordinates coordinate coordinate coordinate
2 2 2
Vertex Normals Normal X Normal Y Normal Z
2 2 2
Vertex Errors Vertex Error
1
Vertex Vertex
Vertex Textures
Texture X Texture Y
2 2
Triangle Triangle Triangle
Triangle Data
Index 1 Index 2 Index 3
2 2 2
Must be Can be
Optional
Specified unspecified

Figure 3 — The 3D Information block and the three possible 3D Data blocks specified in this standard.
The length value of each field in bytes is shown below the field. The white boxes indicate fields or
blocks that shall be specified, light grey boxes that the fields are mandatory, but an unspecified value
is acceptable, and dark grey boxes indicate optional fields.
When referring to elements of the record format, 'field' denotes the elementary unit of information such as
Face Image Type and Image Data Type, “block” denotes the group of fields such as Facial Information block
or Image Information block, and “record” denotes the biometric reference which consists of the Facial Record
Header and one or more Facial Record Data.
With the exception of the Format Identifier and the Version Number for the standard, which are null-terminated
ASCII character strings, all data is represented in binary format.
There are no record separators or field tags; fields are parsed by byte count.
The organization of the record format is as follows:
• A fixed-length (14 byte) Facial Record Header containing information about the overall record,
including the number of facial images represented and the overall record length in bytes.
• A Facial Record Data block for each facial image. This data consists of
o A fixed length (20 byte) Facial Information block describing discernable characteristics of the
subject such as gender.
o Multiple (including none) fixed length (8 byte) Landmark Point blocks describing 2D or 3D
Landmark Points on a face.
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
o A fixed length (12 byte) Image Information block describing digital properties of the image
such as Face Image Type and dimensions such as width and height.
o Image Data consisting of a JPEG or JPEG2000 encoded data block.
o For Face Image Types containing 3D information a 3D Information block (92 byte) describing
properties of this data.
o For Face Image Types containing 3D information the 3D Data block describing the 3D shape
of the face.
Multiple images / 3D-representations of the same biometric data subject can be described in a single CBEFF
record. This is accomplished by including multiple Facial Record Data blocks after the Facial Record Header
block and before the CBEFF Signature block. Facial Record Data blocks containing 2D data can be stored
together with Facial Record Data blocks also containing 3D data. The structure of this embedding is illustrated
in Figure Amd.2-1.

Figure Amd.2-1 – Embedding multiple images / 3D representations in the same record.
Page 8, 5.4
Replace Table 2 with the following:

Table 2 – The Facial Record Header
Field Size Valid values Notes
Format Identifier 4 bytes 0x46414300 (‘F’ ‘A’ ‘C’ 0x0)  Indicates face image
data
Version Number 4 bytes 0x30323000 (‘0’ ’ 2’ ’0’ 0x0) “020” in ASCII
32
Length of Record 4 bytes 48 < Length of Record ≤ 2 - 1  Includes Facial
Record Header and
Facial Record Data
Number of Facial Images / 2 bytes 1 ≤ Number ≤ 65535
3D representations
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
Page 8
Replace clause 5.4.2 with the following:
5.4.2 Version Number
The (4 byte) Version Number field shall consist of three ASCII numerals followed by a zero byte as a NULL
string terminator.
The first and second characters represent the major version number and the third character represents the
minor revision number.
The Version Number of ISO/IEC 19794-5 shall be 0x30323000; “020” – Version 2 revision 0.
Page 15
Replace 5.6 with the following:
5.6 The Landmark Point block
The optional (8 byte) Landmark Point block specifies the type, code and position of a Landmark Point in the
facial image. The number of Landmark Point blocks shall be specified in the Number of Landmark Points field
of the Facial Information block. The structure of this block is shown in Table 8.
Landmark Points can be specified as MPEG-4 Feature Points as given by Annex C of ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004
or Anthropometric Landmarks in two or three dimensions. The description of the Anthropometric Landmarks
and their relation with the set of MPEG4 Feature Points is discussed in clause 5.6.5.

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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
The horizontal and vertical position of Landmark Points are either texture image coordinates or in the
Cartesian Coordinate system (see clause 5.9.2.1).
Table 8 – The Landmark Point block
Field Size Value Notes
Landmark Point Type 1 byte See clause 5.6.1 Denotes the type of the
Landmark Point.
Landmark Point Code 1 byte See clause 5.6.2 Denotes the Landmark
Point, e.g. the left eye.
X coordinate, 2 bytes See clause 5.6.1, Denotes the coordinate
of the landmark point.
Y coordinate Table Amd.2-1
For Landmark Point
  Types 0x01 and 0x02
this coordinate denotes
the relevant pixel count
from upper left pixel
starting at 0.
For Landmark Point
Type 0x03 the value
codes the coordinate of
a point in 3D.
Z coordinate 2 bytes  See clause 5.6.1, Denotes the Z-coordi-
nate of the landmark
 Table Amd.2-1 point.
For Landmark Point
Type 0x01 and Type
0x02 this field is
ignored.
For Landmark Point
Type 0x03 the value
codes the Z coordinate
of a point in 3D.

5.6.1 Landmark Point Type
The (1 byte) Landmark Point Type field represents the type of the Landmark Point stored in the Landmark
Point block. This field shall be set to 0x01 to denote that landmark point is an MPEG4 Feature Point as given
by Annex C of ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004 and is represented by the 2D image coordinates. The field shall be set
to 0x02 to denote that the landmark point is an Anthropometric 2D landmark and is represented by the 2D
image coordinates. Finally, the field shall be set to 0x03 to denote that the landmark point is an
Anthropometric 3D landmark and is represented by it's 3D coordinates. All other field values are reserved for
future definition of Landmark Point types.
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
Table Amd.2-1 — The Landmark Point Type
Description Value Comment
MPEG4 Feature 0x01 The Horizontal and Vertical position of the landmark
point are measured in pixels with values from 0 to
Width-1 and Height-1, respectively. The Z coordinate
field is ignored.
Anthropometric 0x02 The landmark point is considered as a anthropometric
landmark point in the 2-D image and its coordinates are
2D landmark measured in pixels with values from 0 to Width-1 and
Height-1, respectively. The Z coordinate field is ignored.
Anthropometric 0x03 X coordinate, Y coordinate and Z coordinate are
interpreted as 2 byte values with fixed precision of 0.02
mm ranging from -655.34 mm to 655.34 mm. The
3D landmark
landmark point is considered as a 3D point in the
Cartesian Coordinate System.
Example: The value of 10001
corresponds to
-655.34mm + 10001 x 0.02mm = -455.32mm.
Reserved 0x04-0xFF Reserved for future use.

5.6.2 Landmark Point Code
The (1 byte) Landmark Point Code field shall specify the Landmark Point that is stored in the Landmark Point
block.
For the Landmark Point Type 0x01 the codes of the Landmark Points in clause 5.6.3, taken from Annex C of
ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004 and defined as MPEG4 Feature Points, or the additional eye and nostril Landmark
Points in clause 5.6.4 shall be stored in this block.
If the Landmark Point Type is 0x02 or 0x03, i.e. Anthropometric 2D landmark or Anthropometric 3D landmark,
the codes of the Landmark Points defined in 5.6.5 shall be stored in this block.
5.6.3 MPEG4 Feature Points
The normative Figure 6 denotes the Landmark Point codes associated with Feature Points as given by Annex
C of ISO/IEC 14496-2:2004. Each Landmark Point code is represented by a notation A.B using a major (A)
and a minor (B) value. The encoding of the Landmark Point code is given by the (1 byte) value of A*16 + B.
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
11.5 11.5
11.4
11.4
11.2
11.1
11.1
11.2 11.3
4.4 4.3 4.4
4.2 4.1
4.6 4.5
4.2
11.6
4.6
10.2
10.1
10.2
10.10 10.9
10.10
10.4 10.3
5.3 5.4
5.4
10.7
10.8 10.4
10.5
10.6
10.8
5.2 5.1
10.6
5.2
y
x
y
2.14 2.13 2.10
z
7.1
2.10
2.1
2.12 2.11 2.14 2.12
x
2.1
z
3.13
3.14
3.2
3.1
3.8 3.11
3.5
3.6
3.12 3.7
3.3
3.4
3.10
3.9
9.6 9.7
Right eye Left eye
9.8
9.12
Nose
9.14
9.13
9.10
9.11
9.3
9.1
9.9 9.2
9.15 9.5
9.4
Teeth
8.9 8.10
8.6
8.5
8.1
8.4 8.3
2.7 2.6
2.4
2.5
2.2
6.3
6.4
6.2
2.8
2.9
2.3
8.7
8.8
8.2
Tongue Mouth
6.1
Feature points affected by FAPs
Other feature points

Figure 6 – The MPEG4 Feature Point codes defined in ISO/IEC 14496-2.


Each Landmark Point code in Figure 7 is given by major value A and minor value B. For example, the code
for the left corner of the left eye is given by major value 3 and minor value 7.
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
5.6.4 Eye and nostril Landmark Points
The eye centre Landmark Points 12.1 (left) and 12.2 (right) are defined to be the horizontal and vertical
midpoints of the eye corners (3.7, 3.11) and (3.8, 3.12) respectively. The left nostril centre Landmark Point
12.3 is defined to be the midpoint of the nose Landmark Points (9.1, 9.15) in the horizontal direction and
(9.3,9.15) in the vertical direction. Similarly, the right nostril centre Landmark Point 12.4 is defined to be the
midpoint of the nose Landmark Points (9.2, 9.15) in the horizontal direction and (9.3,9.15) in the vertical
direction. Both the eye centre and nostril centre Landmark Points are shown in Figure 7 and values given in
Table 9.


Figure 7 – The eye and nostril centre Landmark Points are defined by midpoints of MPEG4 Feature
Points.
Table 9 – Eye and nostril centre Landmark Point codes
Centre Landmark Point Midpoint of Landmark Landmark Point code
Points
Left Eye 3.7, 3.11 12.1
Right Eye 3.8, 3.12 12.2
Left Nostril Horizontal Vertical 12.3
9.1, 9.15 9.3, 9.15
Right Nostril Horizontal Vertical 12.4
9.2, 9.15 9.3, 9.15
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
5.6.5 Anthropometric Landmarks
Anthropometric Landmarks extend the MPEG4 feature model with new points that are used in forensics and
anthropology for person identification via two facial images or image and skull over a long time. They also
allow specification of points that are in use by criminal experts and anthropologists.
Figure Amd.2-2 and Table Amd.2-2 show the definition of the Anthropometric Landmarks. The set of points
represents the craniofacial landmark points of the head and face. The latter are used in forensics for “Face to
face” and “Skull to face” identification. Some of these points have MPEG 4 counterparts, others not.


Figure Amd.2-2: Anthropometric Landmarks with (red) and without (blue) MPEG4 counterparts.

Definitions for these points are presented in the Table Amd.2-2.

Table Amd.2-2 – Definitions of the Anthropometric Landmarks

Point ID Point Anthropometric
MPEG4 How to point
Code point name


v 1.1 11.4 vertex The highest point of head when the head
is oriented in Frankfurt Horizon. Refer to
Annex C for the definition of the Frankfurt
Horizon.
g 1.2 glabella The most prominent middle point
between the eyebrows
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
op 1.3 opisthocranion Situated in the occipital region of the
head is most distant from the glabella
eu 1.5 eurion The most prominent lateral point on each
side of the skull in the area of the parietal
and temporal bones
1.6
ft 1.7 frontotemporale The point on each side of the forehead,
laterally from the elevation of the linea
1.8 temporalis
tr 1.9 11.1 trichion The point on the hairline in the midline of
the forehead
zy 2.1 zygion
The most lateral point of each of the
zygomatic
2.2
go 2.3 2.15 gonion
The most lateral point on the mandibural
angle close to the bony gonion
2.4 2.16
sl 2.5 sublabiale Determines the lower border of the lower
lip or the upper border of the chin
pg 2.6 2.10 pogonion The most anterior midpoint of the chin,
located on the skin surface in the front of
the identical bony landmark of the
mandible
gn 2.7 2.1 menton (or The lowest median landmark on the
gnathion) lower border of the mandible
cdl 2.9 condylion laterale
The most lateral point on the surface of
the condyle of the mandible
2.10
en 3.1 3.11 endocanthion
The point at the inner commissure of the
eye fissure
3.2 3.8
ex 3.3 3.7 exocanthion (or
The point at the outer commissure of the
ectocanthion)
eye fissure
3.4 3.12
p 3.5 3.5 center point of pupil Is determined when the head is in the
rest position and the eye is looking
3.6 3.6 straight forward
or 3.7 3.9 orbitale
The lowest point on the lower margin of
each orbit
3.8 3.10
ps 3.9 3.1 palpebrale superius
The highest point in the midportion of the
free margin of each upper eyelid
3.10 3.2
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
pi 3.11 3.3 palpebrale inferius
The lowest point in the midportion of the
free margin of each lower eyelid
3.12 3.4
os 4.1 orbitale superius
The highest point on the lower border of
the eyebrow
4.2
sci 4.3 4.3 superciliare
The highest point on the upper border in
the midportion of each eyebrow
4.4 4.4
n 5.1 nasion The point in the middle of both the nasal
root and nasofrontal suture
se 5.2 sellion (or Is the deepest landmark located on the
subnasion) bottom of the nasofrontal angle
al 5.3 9.1 alare
The most lateral point on each alar
contour
5.4 9.2
prn 5.6 9.3 pronasale The most protruded point of the apex
nasi
sn 5.7 9.15 subnasale The midpoint of the angle at the
columella base where the lower border of
the nasal septum and the surface of the
upper lip meet
sbal 5.9 subalare The point at the lower limit of each alar
base, where the alar base disappears
5.10 into the skin of the upper lip
ac 5.11 9.1 alar curvature (or
The most lateral point in the curved base
alar crest) point
line of each ala
5.12 9.2
mf 5.13 9.6 maxillofrontale
The base of the nasal root medially from
each endocanthion
5.14 9.7
cph 6.1 8.9 christa philtri
The point on each elevated margin of the
landmark
philtrum just above the vermilion line
6.2 8.10
ls 6.3 8.1 labiale (or labrale)
The midpoint of the upper vermillion line
superius
li 6.4 8.2 labiale (or labrale)
The midpoint of the lower vermillion line
inferius
ch 6.5 8.3 cheilion
The point located at each labial
commissure
6.6 8.4
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
sto 6.7 stomion The imaginary point at the crossing of
the vertical facial midline and the
horizontal labial fissure between gently
closed lips, with teeth shut in the natural
position
sa 7.1 10.1 superaurale
The highest point of the free margin of
the auricle
7.2 10.2
sba 7.3 10.5 subaurale
The lowest point of the free margin of the
ear lobe
7.4 10.6
pra 7.5 10.9 preaurale The most anterior point on the ear,
located just in front of the helix
7.6 10.10 attachment to the head
pa 7.7 postaurale
The most postrerior point on the free
margin of the ear
7.8
obs 7.9 10.3 otobasion
The point of attachment of the helix in
superious
the temporal region
7.10 10.4
obi 7.11 otobasion infrious
The point of attachment of the ear lobe to
the cheek
7.12
po 7.13 porion (soft)
The highest point of the upper margin of
the cutaneous auditory meatus
7.14
t 8.1 tragion
The notch on the upper margin of the

tragus
8.2
The Anthropometric Landmark Code has the format: A.B. A specifies the global landmark of the face to which
this landmark belongs such as nose, mouth, etc. B specifies the particular point. In case a landmark point has
two symmetrical entities (left and right) the right entity always has a greater and even minor code value.
Hence, all landmark points from the left part of the face have odd minor codes, and from the right part – even
minor codes. Both A and B are in the range from 1 to 15. Hence, the code A*16 + B is written to the 1 byte
Landmark Point Code field.
5.6.6 Anthropometric 3D landmark
The error of an Anthropometric 3D landmark point location should be no greater than 3 mm. The point shall
withstand from the nearest point on the surface no further than 3 mm. The point on the surface is a vertex, or
a point on an edge, or a point on a face of the surface.

5.6.7 Z coordinate
This field is not used if the Landmark Point Type is equal to MPEG4 Feature or Anthropometric 2D landmark.
In case the Landmark Point Type equals Anthropometric 3D landmark this field along with the horizontal and
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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)
vertical positions denotes the coordinates of the landmark point in the 3D Cartesian Coordinate System. The
metric coordinates of 3D landmarks shall be obtained by multiplying the X, Y, and Z coordinates by a fixed
scale of 0.02 mm. Note, that the Landmark Point Type field codes the type of the landmark point and
determines the interpretation of the Z coordinate.
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Replace 5.7.1 with the following:
5.7.1 Face Image Type
The Face Image Type field shall represent the type of the facial image stored in the Image Information block
and, if applicable, the 3D Data block according to Table 10. Note that all Frontal Image Types are either Full
Frontal, Token Frontal, or one of the respective 3D Full Frontal or Token Frontal Image Types. Therefore a
separate Frontal Value is not required.

Table 10 – Face Image Type codes
Description Value
Basic 0x00
Full Frontal 0x01
Token Frontal 0x02
Reserved 0x03 – 0x7F
Basic 3D 0x80
Full Frontal 3D 0x81
Token Frontal 3D 0x82
Reserved 0x83 - 0xFF

The Basic Face Image Type is defined in clause 6. The Frontal, Frontal/Full and Frontal/Token Face Image
Types are defined in clauses 7, 8, and 9 respectively. Face Image Types use the notion of inheritance. For
example, the Frontal Face Image Type inherits all of the requirements of the Basic Face Image Type - the
Frontal Face Image type obeys all normative requirements of the Basic Face Image Type. The inheritance
structure of currently defined image types is shown in Figure 8. Relations are indicated by an arrow from the
child to the parents.
If a 2D record that is compliant to the Basic, Full Frontal or Token Frontal requirements, respectively, contains
3D data, this is indicated by the highest bit of the Face Image Type set to one, resulting in the Face Image
Type codes 0x80 to 0x82.
The 3D Image types are defined in clauses 10, 11, and 12 respectively.
© ISO/IEC 2009 – All rights reserved 15

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ISO/IEC 19794-5:2005/Amd.2:2009(E)

Figure 8 – 2D Face Image Types and their inheritance map. Normative requirements for the Basic,
Frontal, Full Frontal and Token Frontal Face Images Types are given in cl
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