ISO/TS 19130-3:2022

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19130-3
First edition
2022-03
Geographic information — Imagery
sensor models for geopositioning —
Part 3:
Implementation schema
Information géographique — Modèles de capteurs d'images de
géopositionnement —
Partie 3: Schéma d'implémentation
Reference number
© ISO 2022
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms.3
4.1 Abbreviations . 3
5 Conformance . 3
6 XML Schema requirements class .3
6.1 Introduction . 3
6.2 XML namespaces . 4
6.3 Requirements classes for XML instance documents . 4
7 Encoding Descriptions .6
7.1 Mapping rules . 6
7.2 smi namespace . 6
7.3 Encoding mappings of UML classes and properties defined in ISO 19130-1 . 7
7.4 Encoding mappings of UML classes and properties defined in ISO/TS 19130-2 .15
Annex A (normative) Abstract Test Suite .22
Annex B (informative) XML Resources .26
Annex C (informative) Implementation examples .27
Bibliography .36
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
A list of all parts in the ISO 19130 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Vast amounts of data from imaging systems have been collected, processed and distributed by
government mapping and remote sensing agencies and commercial data vendors. Additional processing
is often needed to make these data useful in the extraction of further geographic information.
Geopositioning, which determines the ground coordinates of an object from image coordinates, is a
fundamental step in the extraction process. Because of the diversity of sensor types and the lack of
a common sensor model standard, data from different producers may contain different parametric
information, lack parameters required to describe the sensor that produces the data, or lack ancillary
information necessary for geopositioning. A separate software package must often be developed to
deal with data from individual sensors or data producers. Standard sensor models and geolocation
metadata allow agencies or vendors to develop generalized software products that are applicable to
data from multiple data producers or multiple sensors. With such standards, producers can describe
the geolocation information of their data in the same way, thus promoting the interoperability of data
between application systems and facilitating data exchange and integration.
ISO and OGC have independently defined relevant specifications to standardize the description of
sensor models, though a fundamental difference exists between them.
ISO 19130-1 provided a location model and metadata relevant to all sensors. It included metadata
specific to whiskbroom, pushbroom and frame sensors, and some metadata for synthetic aperture
radar (SAR) sensors. In addition, it provided metadata for functional fit geopositioning. ISO/TS 19130-2
extended the specification of the set of metadata elements required for geolocation by providing
physical sensor models for light detection and ranging (LIDAR) and sound navigation and ranging
(SONAR), and it presented a more detailed set of elements for SAR. It also defined the metadata needed
for aerial triangulation of airborne and spaceborne images.
OGC defined interfaces and encodings for sensor devices and data through sensor web enablement
(SWE) to enable the sharing of sensor data over the Web. Sensor Model Language (SensorML) is
one of the five defined, prototyped and tested implementation standards under SWE activity. Its
primary focus is to provide a robust and semantically-tied means to define processes and processing
components associated with the measurement and post-measurement transformation of observations.
It utilizes the process concept to describe sensors, systems, and processes surrounding observations
and measurements. Geolocation is one of those processes.
Since ISO 19130-1 and ISO/TS 19130-2 do not define encoding rules, the actual implementation of image
sensor models for geopositioning can vary based on the interpretation of image producers. To facilitate
the standardization of implementations, this document utilizes the Extensible Markup Language (XML)
schema defined in OGC SensorML to provide XML Schema encodings for the imagery sensor models
for geopositioning defined in ISO 19130-1 and ISO/TS 19130-2. It enables both semantic and syntactic
interoperability between ISO 19130-1, ISO/TS 19130-2 and OGC SensorML.
The name and contact information of the Maintenance Agency for this document can be found at
www.iso.org/maintenance_agencies.
v
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19130-3:2022(E)
Geographic information — Imagery sensor models for
geopositioning —
Part 3:
Implementation schema
1 Scope
This document defines the XML Schema implementation of imagery sensor geopositioning models
defined in ISO 19130-1 and ISO/TS 19130-2. It applies XML Schema inheritance and extension based on
the OGC SensorML and OGC SWE Common Data Model.
Instead of introducing an XML Schema based on the UML models defined in ISO 19130-1 and
ISO/TS 19130-2, it leverages the existing OGC SensorML by first introducing a semantic mapping from
the model elements defined in ISO 19130-1 and ISO/TS 19130-2 to OGC SensorML, and then defining the
detailed schema inheritance and extensions based on OGC SensorML to fully support encoding of the
imagery sensor models for geopositioning defined in ISO 19130-1 and ISO/TS 19130-2.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 19103, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language
ISO 19111, Geographic information — Referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115-1, Geographic information — Metadata — Part 1: Fundamentals
ISO 19115-2, Geographic information — Metadata — Part 2: Extensions acquisition and processing
ISO 19123-2, Geographic information — Schema for coverage geometry and functions — Part 2: Coverage
implementation schema
ISO 19130-1, Geographic information — Imagery sensor models for geopositioning — Part 1: Fundamentals
ISO/TS 19130-2, Geographic information — Imagery sensor models for geopositioning — Part 2: SAR,
InSAR, lidar and sonar
ISO 19157-2, Geographic information — Data quality — Part 2: XML schema implemenation
ISO/TS 19163-1, Geographic information — Content components and encoding rules for imagery and
gridded data — Part 1: Content model
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
document
well-formed data object
Note 1 to entry: Text of the note.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 19157-2:2016, 3.1, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.2
image
gridded coverage whose attribute values are a numerical representation of a physical parameter
Note 1 to entry: The physical parameters are the result of measurement by a sensor (3.5) or a prediction from a
model.
[SOURCE: ISO 19115-2:2019, 3.18]
3.3
imagery
representation of phenomena as images (3.2) produced by electronic and/or optical techniques
Note 1 to entry: In this document, it is assumed that the phenomena have been sensed or detected by one or more
devices such as radar, cameras, photometers, and infrared and multispectral scanners.
[SOURCE: ISO 19101-2:2018, 3.14]
3.4
namespace
collection of names, identified by a URI (3.10) reference, which are used in XML documents as
element names and attribute names (W3C XML Namespaces)
[SOURCE: ISO 19136-1:2020, 3.1.43]
3.5
sensor
element of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a
quantity to be measured
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 3.8, modified — EXAMPLE and Note 1 to entr
...