ISO 17491-5:2013

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17491-5
First edition
2013-11-15
Protective clothing - Test methods
for clothing providing protection
against chemicals —
Part 5:
Determination of resistance to
penetration by a spray of liquid
(manikin spray test)
Vêtements de protection - Méthodes d’essai pour les vêtements
fournissant une protection contre les produits chimiques —
Partie 5: Détermination de la résistance à la pénétration par
vaporisation de liquide (essai au brouillard à l’aide d’un mannequin)
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Test agent and test subject . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Specimen preparation . 4
8 Procedure. 5
9 Test report . 6
Bibliography . 7
Foreword
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to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 94, Personal safety — Protective clothing and
equipment, Subcommittee SC 13, Protective clothing.
ISO 17491 (all parts) cancels and replaces ISO 17491:2002, which has been technically revised.
ISO 17491 consists of the following parts, under the general title Protective clothing — Test methods for
clothing providing protection against chemicals:
— Part 1: Determination of resistance to outward leakage of gases (internal pressure test)
— Part 2: Determination of resistance to inward leakage of aerosols and gases (inward leakage test)
— Part 3: Determination of resistance to penetration by a jet of liquid (jet test)
— Part 4: Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray of liquid (spray test)
— Part 5: Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray of liquid (manikin spray test)
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Chemical protective clothing is worn in conjunction with appropriate respiratory protective devices
when required in order to isolate the body of the wearer from the environment. Several tests exist
for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing materials to either the permeation or
penetration of gaseous or liquid chemicals.
However, the effectiveness of the overall protective clothing item in preventing exposure from chemical
hazards depends on the integrity of the clothing item’s design in eliminating or reducing inward leakage
of chemicals.
The selection of the appropriate integrity test method will depend on the application of the chemical
protective clothing and the exposure hazards present. Usually, the integrity test method will be specified
in the overall chemical protective clothing specification.
Evaluations of protective clothing material chemical resistance are carried out by the appropriate test.
ISO 6529 specifies methods for measuring the resistance of the protective clothing materials, seams,
and assemblages to permeation by either liquids or gases. ISO 13994 specifies a method for determining
the penetration resistance of protective clothing materials under conditions of continuous liquid contact
and pressure, and can be applied to microporous materials, seams, and assemblages. ISO 6530 specifies
a procedure for measuring the penetration resistance of protective clothing materials from the impact
and runoff of liquids. General protective clothing requirements are specified in ISO 13688.
This International Standard specifies different test methods for determining the resistance of complete
protective clothing to inward leakage of either gaseous or liquid chemicals (protective clothing
integrity). These test methods apply to either liquid or gaseous chemicals, or aerosols, and range in the
level of severity.
The integrity test methods specified by this International Standard are as follows:
— Part 1 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (method 1) or at more
rigorous test settings (method 2), for assessing the resistance of a gas-tight suit to outward leakage
of air through, for example, essential openings, fastenings, seams, interface areas between items,
pores, and any imperfections in the materials of construction.
— Part 2 specifies two different methods for determining the inward leakage of chemical protective
clothing in an aerosol environment (method 1) or gaseous environment (method 2). The procedure
is applicable to gas-tight suits and non-gas-tight suits according to ISO 16602 and provides an
evaluation of chemical protective suit integrity, particularly leakage in the breathing zone, under
dynamic conditions through the use of human subjects.
— Part 3 specifies a method for determining the resistance of chemical protective clothing to
penetration by jets of liquid chemicals. This procedure is applicable to clothing worn where there
is a risk of exposure to a forceful projection of a liquid chemical and intended to be resistant to
penetration under conditions which require total body surface cover but not gas-tight clothing.
— Part 4 specifies a method to be performed either at minimum test settings (method A, low-level
spray test) or at more rigorous test settings (method B, high-level spray test), for determining
the resistance of chemical protective clothing to penetration by sprays of liquid chemicals. This
procedure applies to protective clothing intended to be worn when there is a risk of exposure to
slight splashes of a liquid chemical or to spray particles that coalesce and run off the surface of the
garment and intended to be resistant to penetration under conditions which require total body
surface cover but not gas-tight clothing.
— Part 5 specifies an alternative test method for determining the resistance to spray penetration. It uses
a static manikin instead of a test subject; it also uses a different spray configuration and duration.
The methods specified in this International Standard are not appropriate for evaluating the permeation
or penetration of liquid chemicals through the material from which the clothing is made.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17491-5:2013(E)
Protective clothing - Test methods for clothing providing
protection against chemicals —
Part 5:
Determination of resistance to penetration by a spray of
liquid (manikin spray test)
1 Scope
This part of ISO 17491 specifies an alternative test method to the one described in ISO 17491-4.
The method for determining the resistance to chemical spray penetration differs from the method
in ISO 17491-4 in that it uses a static manikin instead of a test subject. It also uses a different spray
configuration and duration.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13688, Protective clothing — General requirements
ISO/TR 11610, Protective clothing — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 11610 and the following apply.
3.1
absorbent overall
overall made from an absorbent material, worn under the test suit and intended for collecting liquid
penetration during spray and jet testing of chemical protective clothing
4 Principle
The chemical protective clothing is placed on a manikin that is already dressed in an absorbent overall
covering the portions of the manikin form that are of interest. Water, treated to achieve a surface tension
−3
of ()30±×510 N/m , is sprayed at the chemical protective clothing from five nozzles positioned in a
specific configuration with respect to the specimen.
The specimen is exposed to the liquid spray for a period of 15 min in each of four specimen orientations;
thus 60 min spray in total on one specimen. Liquid penetration resistance is determined by the absence
of liquid inside the chemical protective clothing on the inner liquid-absorptive garment. The chemical
protective clothing is rated as passing if liquid does not penetrate and as failing if liquid does penetrate.
5 Test agent and test subject
5.1 Test agent, unless specified in the performance specification, the following standard test agent
shall be used.
Prepare the test agent by dissolving a wetting agent and water-soluble fluorescent or visible dye in water
at ambient temperature to form a non-toxic, non-foaming solution with the following characteristics.
−3
The surface tension shall be ()30±×510 N/m . Any method may be used to determine the surface
tension of the test agent provided it can measure to the tolerance given above, for example, a Wright
surface tension and interfacial tension torsion balance using a standard 12-mm-diameter platinum ring
would be acceptable.
NOTE A typical concentrated solution can be made by dissolving 4 g methyl blue (CAS number 28983–56–4),
2 ml anionic surfactant liquid [sodium lauryl ether sulphate (CAS number 009004–82–4)], and, as stabilizer for
the dye, 125 g citric acid (CAS number 77–92–9, analytical grade) in 1 l of tap water. The mixture is stirred for
15 min to 20 min with a magnetic stirrer and eventually 200 ml of it is diluted in 10 l of water.
It shall be ensured that the surface tension is stable throughout the test, i.e. the surface tension of the
liquid leaving the nozzle as well as the tension of the liquid in the tank shall meet the requirements. This
shall be verified before and after each test.
Avoid dyes that adhere too strongly to the fibres of the absorbent mater
...