ISO 19049:2016

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19049
First edition
Timber structures — Test method
— Static load tests for horizontal
diaphragms including floors and roofs
Structures en bois — Méthode d’essai — Essais de chargement
statique pour les diaphragmes horizontaux incluant planchers et
toitures
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference(s) . 1
3 Terms and Definitions . 1
4 Symbols . 1
5 Requirements . 2
6 Test method . 2
6.1 Principle . 2
6.2 Apparatus . 2
6.2.1 General. 2
6.2.2 Test assembly . 3
6.2.3 Deformation measurement. 3
6.2.4 Load measurement . 3
6.3 Test specimens . 3
6.3.1 Conditioning . 3
6.3.2 Dimensions . 3
6.3.3 Sampling. 4
6.4 Test configuration . 4
6.4.1 Cantilever test . 4
6.4.2 Simple beam test . 5
6.5 Test procedure . 5
6.5.1 Determination of frame stiffness . 5
6.5.2 Test for complete diaphragm . 6
7 Calculation . 6
7.1 Ultimate shear strength . 6
7.2 Apparent shear stiffness . 6
8 Report . 7
Bibliography . 9
Foreword
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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 165, Timber structures, based on ASTM E 455.
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs are integral parts of light-frame timber buildings to
show resistance against horizontal forces such as winds and earthquakes. Their characteristics such
as ultimate shear strength have great effects on the behaviour of timber buildings including horizontal
diaphragms as floors and/or roofs under winds or seismic loads.
Horizontal diaphragms are those structures which are widely used for timber buildings to form floors
and/or roofs. They behave as a simple beam or cantilever beams under horizontal loads caused by wind
or earthquake to transmit forces to the structures or structural members supporting them. Horizontal
diaphragms shall have enough stiffness and strength that they do not undergo large deflection or
failures in parts of the structure.
The purpose of this International Standard is to measure the shear stiffness and strength of horizontal
diaphragms as one of the basic parameters to interpret the behaviour of diaphragms under horizontal
loads such as winds and earthquakes. The requirements are necessary to replicate the same conditions
as those for timber structures in the field. Loads can be applied to the specimen either by compression
or tension whichever is relevant.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19049:2016(E)
Timber structures — Test method — Static load tests for
horizontal diaphragms including floors and roofs
1 Scope
This International Standard defines the test method for horizontal diaphragms including floors and
horizontal and sloped roofs under static loads. This test method is designated to evaluate the static
shear capacity of a typical segment of a diaphragm under applied static loads, and to evaluate the
stiffness of the diaphragm assembly.
2 Normative reference(s)
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13061-2, Physical and mechanical properties of wood — Test methods for small clear wood specimens —
1)
Part 2: Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
diaphragm
horizontal and sloped assembly of materials designated to transmit lateral forces to vertical resisting
elements or foundations through shear resistances in the plane of the construction
Note 1 to entry: A diaphragm is analogous to a horizontal deep beam composed of interconnected membrane
elements such as panels, sheathings, or claddings acting as the deep beam web, intermediate elements such as
joists or rafters acting as web stiffeners, and perimeter boundary elements such as girders or header joists acting
as deep beam chords.
4 Symbols
E modulus of elasticity of flange or web material, depending upon which material is held constant
in a transformed section analysis (MPa)
G′ apparent shear stiffness, which is shear stiffness of the diaphragm obtained from test (N/mm)
I moment of inertia of the transformed section of the diaphragm based on webs or flanges (mm )
L total span of a simply supported diaphragm (mm)
P concentrated load (N)
R maximum diaphragm reaction (N)
u
S ultimate shear strength of the diaphragm (N/m)
u
a span length of cantilever diaphragm (mm)
1) Replaces ISO 3131:1975.
b depth of diaphragm (mm)
Δ bending deflection of diaphragm (mm)
b
Δ′ apparent total shear deformation of the diaphragm based on test, which includes both the pure
S
shear deformation and that contributed by distortion of the connection system (mm)
Δ total deflection of diaphragm (mm)
t
Δ deformation measured at points 1, 2, … (mm)
1,2…
5 Requirements
The materials used to construct diaphragm such as timbers, panels, sheathings, claddings, and fasteners
shall be, as far as possible, of the quality allowed by the relevant specification.
6 Test method
6.1 Principle
The lateral force applied to a horizontal diaphragm is resisted by in-plane shear capacity of the web
material of the diaphragm and transmitted to the supporting structures such as shear walls, columns,
beams, girders or foundations as shown in Figure 1. The diaphragm assembly, which is assumed to act
as a deep beam, spans between shear walls, moment frames, or other constructions that can furnish
the end or intermediate reactions to the system. T
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