Information and documentation — Methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries

ISO 16439:2014 defines terms for impact assessment of libraries and specifies methods for such assessment: for the purpose of strategic planning and internal quality management of libraries; to facilitate comparison of library impact over time and between libraries of similar type and mission; to promote the libraries' role and value for learning and research, education and culture, social and economic life; to support political decisions on levels of service and strategic goals for libraries. ISO 16439:2014 considers the impact of libraries on individuals, institutions and society. It is applicable to all types of libraries in all countries. However, not all methods described apply to all libraries. Limitations on the applicability of individual methods are specified in the descriptions.

Information et documentation — Méthodes et procédures pour évaluer l'impact des bibliothèques

Informatika in dokumentacija - Metode in postopki za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic

Ta mednarodni standard določa izraze za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic in specifične metode za tako ocenjevanje:
– za namene strateškega načrtovanja in notranjega vodenja kakovosti knjižnic;
– za primerjavo vpliva knjižnic v daljšem časovnem obdobju in za primerjavo med knjižnicami iste vrste in z istim poslanstvom;
– za spodbujanje vloge in vrednosti knjižnic pri učenju in raziskavah, pri izobraževanju in kulturi, v družbenem in
ekonomskem življenju:
– za podporo pri političnih odločitvah na ravni storitvenih in strateških ciljev za knjižnice.
Ta mednarodni standard obravnava vpliv knjižnic na posameznike, institucije in družbo.
Uporablja se za vse vrste knjižnic v vseh državah. Vendar se vse metode, ki so opisane v tem mednarodnem standardu, ne uporabljajo za vse knjižnice. Omejitve uporabnosti posameznih metod so
določene v opisih.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
09-Apr-2014
Current Stage
9020 - International Standard under periodical review
Start Date
15-Oct-2024
Completion Date
15-Oct-2024

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2015
Informatika in dokumentacija - Metode in postopki za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic
Information and documentation -- Methods and procedures for assessing the impact of
libraries
Information et documentation -- Méthodes et procédures pour évaluer l'impact des
bibliothèques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16439:2014
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16439
First edition
2014-04-15
Information and documentation —
Methods and procedures for assessing
the impact of libraries
Information et documentation — Méthodes et procédures pour
évaluer l’impact des bibliothèques
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Definition and description of library impact .13
4.1 General .13
4.2 Definition of library impact .13
4.3 Aspects of library impact .13
4.4 Effects of library impact .14
4.5 Impact planning .17
4.6 Challenges in assessing impact .18
4.7 Implementation of impact assessment projects .19
4.8 Use of impact assessment results .20
5 Methods for assessing library impact .21
5.1 General .21
5.2 Inferred evidence .21
5.3 Solicited evidence .21
5.4 Observed evidence .22
5.5 Combined methods .22
5.6 Quantitative and qualitative data .23
6 Inferred evidence.24
6.1 General .24
6.2 Statistics .24
6.3 Library performance indicators .25
6.4 Data from user satisfaction surveys .27
7 Solicited evidence .28
7.1 General .28
7.2 Impact surveys .28
7.3 Interviews and focus groups .37
7.4 Self-assessment of users .42
7.5 Collecting anecdotal evidence .44
8 Observed evidence .46
8.1 General .46
8.2 Observation .47
8.3 Log analysis .48
8.4 Self-recording .48
8.5 Citation analysis .49
8.6 Testing the impact on knowledge and skills .49
9 Combining methods for assessing library impact .53
9.1 Combining qualitative and quantitative data .53
9.2 Examples of combining methods to show library impact .54
9.3 Advantages and disadvantages of combining methods for impact assessment .57
10 Assessing the economic value of libraries .57
10.1 General .57
10.2 Calculating the value of library benefits to users .58
10.3 Cost-benefit analysis .62
10.4 Economic impact analysis .63
Annex A (informative) Examples of impact surveys .65
Annex B (informative) Choosing a method .71
Annex C (informative) Library impact assessment within broader institutional and
organisational assessment .75
Bibliography .80
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee
SC 8, Quality — Statistics and performance evaluation.
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance to the library community on methods for assessing the
impact and value of libraries. It was developed in response to worldwide demand for specifications of
library impact assessment.
The methods described in this International Standard do not reflect all possible methods or evaluation
techniques, but are those seen to be most heavily used and that have proved most effective for assessing
library impact. This International Standard is not intended to exclude the use of assessment methods
not specified in it.
There are many different types
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16439
First edition
2014-04-15
Information and documentation —
Methods and procedures for assessing
the impact of libraries
Information et documentation — Méthodes et procédures pour
évaluer l’impact des bibliothèques
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Definition and description of library impact .13
4.1 General .13
4.2 Definition of library impact .13
4.3 Aspects of library impact .13
4.4 Effects of library impact .14
4.5 Impact planning .17
4.6 Challenges in assessing impact .18
4.7 Implementation of impact assessment projects .19
4.8 Use of impact assessment results .20
5 Methods for assessing library impact .21
5.1 General .21
5.2 Inferred evidence .21
5.3 Solicited evidence .21
5.4 Observed evidence .22
5.5 Combined methods .22
5.6 Quantitative and qualitative data .23
6 Inferred evidence.24
6.1 General .24
6.2 Statistics .24
6.3 Library performance indicators .25
6.4 Data from user satisfaction surveys .27
7 Solicited evidence .28
7.1 General .28
7.2 Impact surveys .28
7.3 Interviews and focus groups .37
7.4 Self-assessment of users .42
7.5 Collecting anecdotal evidence .44
8 Observed evidence .46
8.1 General .46
8.2 Observation .47
8.3 Log analysis .48
8.4 Self-recording .48
8.5 Citation analysis .49
8.6 Testing the impact on knowledge and skills .49
9 Combining methods for assessing library impact .53
9.1 Combining qualitative and quantitative data .53
9.2 Examples of combining methods to show library impact .54
9.3 Advantages and disadvantages of combining methods for impact assessment .57
10 Assessing the economic value of libraries .57
10.1 General .57
10.2 Calculating the value of library benefits to users .58
10.3 Cost-benefit analysis .62
10.4 Economic impact analysis .63
Annex A (informative) Examples of impact surveys .65
Annex B (informative) Choosing a method .71
Annex C (informative) Library impact assessment within broader institutional and
organisational assessment .75
Bibliography .80
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee
SC 8, Quality — Statistics and performance evaluation.
Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance to the library community on methods for assessing the
impact and value of libraries. It was developed in response to worldwide demand for specifications of
library impact assessment.
The methods described in this International Standard do not reflect all possible methods or evaluation
techniques, but are those seen to be most heavily used and that have proved most effective for assessing
library impact. This International Standard is not intended to exclude the use of assessment methods
not specified in it.
There are many different types of libraries, with different tasks and populations, having a range of
unique characteristics (structure, funding, governance, etc.), and affected by a number of situational
factors. Since there is such a wide variation around the world, it is important to understand that not all
methods described in this International Standard are useful to all libraries.
Annex A of this International Standard gives examples of impact surveys. Annex B recommends a choice
of methods for different purposes. Annex C describes the case that library impact is assessed within
broader institutional and organisational assessment.
vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16439:2014(E)
Information and documentation — Methods and
procedures for assessing the impact o
...


S L O V E N S K I SIST ISO 16439
STANDARD
januar 2015
Informatika in dokumentacija – Metode in postopki za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic
Information and documentation – Methods and procedures for assessing the
impact of libraries
Information et documentation – Méthodes et procédures pour évaluer l'impact
des bibliothèques
Information und Dokumentation – Methoden und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der
Wirkung von Bibliotheken
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 01.140.20 SIST ISO 16439:2015 (sl)
Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 90
© 2016-11. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST ISO 16439 (sl), Informatika in dokumentacija – Metode in postopki za ocenjevanje vpliva
knjižnic, 2015, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten mednarodnemu standardu ISO 16439
(en), Information and documentation – Methods and procedures for assessing the impact of libraries,
2014-04.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard ISO 16439:2014 je pripravil pododbor tehničnega odbora Mednarodne
organizacije za standardizacijo ISO/TC 46/SC 8 Kakovost – Statistika in vrednotenje uspešnosti.
Slovenski standard SIST ISO 16439:2015 je prevod mednarodnega standarda ISO 16439:2014.
Slovenski standard SIST ISO 16439:2015 je pripravil tehnični odbor SIST/TC IDT Informatika,
dokumentacija in splošna terminologija. V primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda je
odločilen izvirni mednarodni standard v angleškem jeziku.

Definicije pojmov so povzete po mednarodnem standardu ISO 2789, Informatika in dokumentacija –
Mednarodna statistika za knjižnice.

Odločitev za izdajo tega standarda je dne 20. oktobra 2014 sprejel SIST/TC IDO Informatika in
dokumentacija.
ZVEZA Z NACIONALNIMI STANDARDI
S privzemom tega mednarodnega standarda veljajo za omenjeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST ISO 2789:2013 Informatika in dokumentacija – Mednarodna statistika knjižnic
SIST ISO 5127:2005 Informatika in dokumentacija – Slovar (ISO 5127:2001)
SIST EN ISO 9000:2005 Sistemi vodenja kakovosti – Osnove in slovar (ISO 9000:2005)
SIST ISO 11620:2015 Informatika in dokumentacija – Kazalci uspešnosti knjižnic

OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– privzem standarda ISO 16439:2014

OPOMBI
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz "mednarodni standard", v SIST ISO
16439:2015 to pomeni "slovenski standard".

– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.

SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
VSEBINA Stran
Predgovor . 5
Uvod . 6
1 Področje uporabe . 7
2 Zveze s standardi . 7
3 Izrazi in definicije . 7
4 Definicija in opis vpliva knjižnice . 18
4.1 Splošno . 18
4.2 Definicija vpliva knjižnice . 19
4.3 Vidiki vpliva knjižnice . 19
4.4 Učinki vpliva knjižnice . 19
4.5 Planiranje vpliva . 23
4.6 Izzivi pri ocenjevanju vpliva . 23
4.7 Izvajanje projektov za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnice . 25
4.8 Uporaba rezultatov ocenjevanja vpliva knjižnice . 25
5 Metode za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnice . 26
5.1 Splošno . 26
5.2 Povzeti dokaz . 26
5.3 Zbrani dokaz . 27
5.4 Opazovani dokaz . 27
5.5 Kombinirane metode . 28
5.6 Kvantitativni in kvalitativni podatki . 28
6 Povzeti dokaz . 30
6.1 Splošno . 30
6.2 Statistike . 30
6.3 Kazalci uspešnosti knjižnice . 31
6.4 Podatki iz raziskav o zadovoljstvu uporabnikov . 33
7 Zbrani dokaz . 34
7.1 Splošno . 34
7.2 Raziskave vpliva knjižnice . 34
7.3 Intervjuji in fokusne skupine . 43
7.4 Samoocenjevanje uporabnikov . 49
7.5 Zbiranje anekdotskih dokazov . 51
8 Opazovani dokaz . 53
8.1 Splošno . 53
8.2 Opazovanje . 53
8.3 Analiza dnevniških datotek . 54
8.4 Zapiski uporabnikov . 55
8.5 Analiza navedb . 55
8.6 Testiranje vpliva na znanje in veščine . 56
SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
9 Kombiniranje metod za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnice . 60
9.1 Kombiniranje kvalitativnih in kvantitativnih podatkov . 60
9.2 Primeri kombiniranja metod za prikazovanje vpliva knjižnice . 61
9.3 Prednosti in slabosti kombiniranja metod za ocenjevanje vpliva . 64
10 Ocenjevanje ekonomske vrednosti knjižnice . 65
10.1 Splošno . 65
10.2 Izračun vrednosti koristi knjižnice za uporabnike . 65
10.3 Analiza stroškov in koristi . 70
10.4 Analiza ekonomskega vpliva knjižnice . 71
Dodatek A (informativni): Primeri raziskav vpliva knjižnice . 73
Dodatek B (informativni): Izbira metode . 79
Dodatek C (informativni): Ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnice v sklopu širšega institucionalnega in
organizacijskega ocenjevanja . 83
Literatura. 88

SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
Predgovor
ISO (Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo) je svetovna zveza nacionalnih organov za standarde
(članov ISO). Mednarodne standarde običajno pripravljajo tehnični odbori ISO. Vsak član, ki želi delovati
na določenem področju, za katerega je bil ustanovljen tehnični odbor, ima pravico biti zastopan v tem
odboru. Pri delu sodelujejo mednarodne vladne in nevladne organizacije, povezane z ISO. V vseh
zadevah, ki so povezane s standardizacijo na področju elektrotehnike, ISO tesno sodeluje z
Mednarodno elektrotehniško komisijo (IEC).

Postopki, uporabljeni pri razvoju tega dokumenta, ter postopki, namenjeni za njegovo nadaljnje
vzdrževanje, so opisani v Direktivah ISO/IEC, 1. del. Upoštevati je treba tudi različna merila za odobritev,
ki se uporabljajo za različne vrste dokumentov ISO. Ta dokument je bil pripravljen v skladu z uredniškimi
pravili v Direktivah ISO/IEC, 2. del (glej tudi www.iso.org/directives).

Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da je lahko nekaj elementov tega mednarodnega standarda predmet
patentnih pravic. ISO ne prevzema odgovornosti za ugotavljanje katerihkoli ali vseh takih patentnih
pravic. Podrobnosti vseh patentnih pravic, ki se pojavijo v tem dokumentu, bodo navedene v uvodu in/ali
na seznamu patentnih prijav ISO (glej www.iso.org/patents).

Vsaka blagovna znamka, uporabljena v tem dokumentu, služi le kot informacija uporabnikom za lažje
razumevanje in ne pomeni njenega promoviranja.

Za razlago pomena določenih terminov in izrazov ISO, povezanih z ugotavljanjem skladnosti, ter za
informacije o upoštevanju načel WTO o tehničnih ovirah pri trgovanju (TBT) pri ISO glej naslednji URL:
Foreword - Supplementary information.

Za ta dokument je odgovoren tehnični odbor ISO/TC 46 Informatika in dokumentacija, pododbor SC 8
Kakovost – Statistika in vrednotenje uspešnosti.

SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
Uvod
Ta mednarodni standard zagotavlja navodila za knjižnično skupnost o metodah za ocenjevanje vpliva
in vrednosti knjižnic. Razvit je bil zaradi splošnih zahtev po specifikacijah za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnice.

Metode, opisane v tem mednarodnem standardu, ne vključujejo vseh mogočih metod ali tehnik
vrednotenja; standard vključuje le metode ali tehnike, ki se najpogosteje uporabljajo in so dokazano
najuspešnejše pri ocenjevanju vpliva knjižnice. Ta mednarodni standard ne izključuje uporabe metod
za ocenjevanje, ki v njem niso navedene.

Obstajajo številne različne vrste knjižnic, z različnimi nalogami in ciljnimi populacijami; te knjižnice imajo
številne edinstvene značilnosti (struktura, financerji, upravljanje itd.), nanje vplivajo različni situacijski
dejavniki. Zaradi te raznolikosti v strukturi knjižnic po svetu je treba razumeti, da vseh metod, opisanih
v tem mednarodnem standardu, ni mogoče uporabiti v vseh knjižnicah.

V dodatku A so navedeni primeri raziskav vpliva. Dodatek B priporoča izbiro metod za različne namene.
Dodatek C opisuje primer ocenjevanja vpliva knjižnice v sklopu širšega institucionalnega in
organizacijskega ocenjevanja.
SIST ISO 16439 : 2015
Informatika in dokumentacija – Metode in postopki za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic

1 Področje uporabe
Ta mednarodni standard določa izraze za ocenjevanje vpliva knjižnic ter metode za ocenjevanje vpliva:
– za namen strateškega načrtovanja in internega sistema vodenja kakovosti knjižnic,
– za omogočanje primerjav vpliva knjižnice v daljšem časovnem obdobju ter primerjav med
knjižnicami podobnih vrst in poslanstva,
– za promoviranje vloge in vrednosti knjižnic na učnem, raziskovalnem, izobraževalnem, kulturnem,
socialnem in ekonomskem področju,
– za podporo političnim odločitvam o ravni storitev in strateških ciljih knjižnic.

Ta mednarodni standard obravnava vpliv knjižnic na posameznike, institucije in celotno družbo.
Uporablja se lahko za vse vrste knjižnic v vseh državah, vendar pa vseh metod, opisanih v tem
mednarodnem standardu, ni mogoče uporabiti v vseh knjižnicah. Omejitve uporabe posameznih metod
so opredeljene v opisih metod.

2 Zveze s standardi
Za uporabo tega standarda so, delno ali v celoti, nujno potrebni spodaj navedeni referen
...

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