ISO 14287:2012

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14287
First edition
2012-02-01
Plain bearings — Pad materials for
tilting pad bearings
Paliers lisses — Matériaux des patins pour paliers à patins oscillants
Reference number
ISO 14287:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012

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ISO 14287:2012(E)
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ISO 14287:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Requirements . 1
3.1 General . 1
3.2 Metallic materials . 1
3.3 Polymer materials . 2
3.4 Back metal materials . 3
3.5 Pivot materials . 3
Annex A (informative) Guidance on properties and selection of materials . 4
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ISO 14287:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14287 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 7, Special
types of plain bearings.
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ISO 14287:2012(E)
Introduction
Tilting pad bearings support loads equally with their pads, which are pivoted at the supporting points on their
back surfaces. This configuration allows the pads to tilt freely; it serves to keep the shape of the oil film on the
sliding surface in optimum condition and improve load-carrying capabilities.
Such bearings are normally used as thrust and journal bearings for rotating machineries; they operate under
static load conditions with lubricating oil applied. They have been used for many years and have a long history.
As a result of developments in high-speed, high-performance rotating machineries, many various types of pad
materials have been put into practical use.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14287:2012(E)
Plain bearings — Pad materials for tilting pad bearings
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for materials based on metals, polymers, back metals and
pivots for the manufacture of tilting pad bearings.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4381, Plain bearings — Tin casting alloys for multilayer plain bearings
ISO 4383, Plain bearings — Multilayer materials for thin‑walled plain bearings
3 Requirements
3.1 General
The sliding surface of a pad may be composed of a metal bearing material or a polymer material, which is
typically bonded to the back metal, depending on the conditions for operation of the bearing. Alloys are in
accordance with ISO 4381; materials are in accordance with ISO 4383. Guidance for the selection of pad
surface layer materials is given in Annex A.
3.2 Metallic materials
3.2.1 Typical materials
The chemical composition of some typical materials based on metal are given in Table 1.
3.2.2 Tin‑based whitemetals
Tin-based whitemetals are used as general-purpose metallic materials. They are provided with linings by
casting, in general.
Whitemetals are characterized by good castability. However, attention should be paid to quality problems, such
as bonding strength with the back metal, segregation and blow holes.
To ensure appropriate strength/softness of a whitemetal alloy, the combination of Sb and Cu described in
Table 1 is used in many applications.
Lead-based whitemetals are rarely used because of their effects on the environment.
3.2.3 Aluminium bearing alloys
Aluminium-based bearing alloys are used for high-speed operation under high-load and high-temperature
conditions. Al-Sn alloys, i.e. alloys which are made by adding tin to aluminium, are the most commonly used
aluminium bearing alloys. To improve sliding characteristics at high speed, 40 % Sn-Al alloy is typically used.
The pad of a bearing manufactured from such an alloy is formed from a bimetal strip consisting of an aluminium
alloy, which is roll-bonded to carbon steel. The pad of a journal bearing made from such an alloy can have
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ISO 14287:2012(E)
uneven alloy thickness along the slide direction because it is formed by bending; it is possible to correct the
thickness to make it even.
3.2.4 Lead‑bronze bearing alloys
Lead-bronze bearing alloys are used under operating conditions equivalent to those for alumi
...