ISO/TS 16843-5:2019

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 16843-5
First edition
2019-03
Health Informatics — Categorial
structures for representation of
acupuncture —
Part 5:
Cupping
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General . 1
3.2 Characterizing categories . 2
4 Categorial structure . 3
4.1 Overview . 3
4.2 Semantic link . 4
4.2.1 is applied to . 4
4.2.2 is applied as . 4
4.2.3 is applied with . 4
4.2.4 is applied by . 4
4.2.5 is applied for . 4
4.2.6 is applied . 4
4.2.7 is applied selecting . 5
4.2.8 is applied utilizing . 5
4.2.9 is provided by . 5
4.2.10 is decompressed by . 5
4.2.11 is equipped with . 5
4.2.12 is proportional to . 5
4.2.13 is used for . 5
4.2.14 is followed by . 6
5 Conformance . 6
Bibliography . 7
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 215 Health informatics.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16843 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Acupuncture therapy is widely practiced in Asia, and as a part of complementary and alternative
medicine treatments in western countries. Cupping is a therapeutic procedure using a vacuumized cup
or jar to apply negative pressure to certain points or areas of the body surface for treating diseases
through regulation of the functions of meridians/channels and visceral organs.
A guideline for reporting acupuncture intervention in clinical trials has already been provided and a
large number of clinical trials have been conducted to assess the efficacy and efficiency of acupuncture
therapy. However, the descriptions of cupping, as an acupuncture intervention in clinical reports tend
to be insufficient for the interpretation of heterogeneity among trials, often causing difficulties in
synthesizing data in meta-analysis. This arises from three reasons: firstly, an appropriate information
structure of cupping has not yet been formulated; secondly, the peculiar concepts within traditional
medicine in the western pacific-rim region originated in China and are not considered sufficient;
thirdly, semantic associations between concepts of cupping need to be explicit.
This document defines the categorial structures in the field of cupping in order to address these existing
problems.
The potential benefits of this document include
— supporting developers to provide new terminological resources concerning cupping,
— supporting developers to provide new detailed content areas of existing terminological resources
concerning the cupping process to ensure its conformance,
— facilitating the representation of the cupping process using a standardized core model in a manner
suitable for computer processing,
— providing a conceptual framework for the generation of a compositional concept representation of
cupping,
— facilitating the mapping and improved semantic correspondence between different terminological
resources by proposing a core specification for cupping and the means for determining conformance
to the specification;
— providing a core model to describe the structure of cupping, and facilitate improved semantic
correspondence with information models,
— providing a tool for cupping text mining, database construction, ancient document processing over
a wide area of acupuncture information collection and processing, and
— providing a new method for researchers to conduct relevant research, and ideas for the developmen
...