IEC 60825-1:2007
(Main)Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
IEC 60825-1 is applicable to safety of laser products emitting laser radiation in the wavelength range 180 nm to 1 mm. A laser product may consist of a single laser with or without a separate power supply or may incorporate one or more lasers in a complex optical, electrical, or mechanical system. Typically, laser products are used for demonstration of physical and optical phenomena, materials processing, data reading and storage, transmission and display of information, etc. Such systems have found use in industry, business, entertainment, research, education, medicine and consumer products. Laser products that are sold to other manufacturers for use as components of any system for subsequent sale are not subject to IEC 60825-1, since the final product will itself be subject to this standard. However, if the laser system within the laser product is operable when removed from the equipment, the requirements of this Part 1 apply to the removable unit. Any laser product is exempt from all further requirements of this Part 1 if classification by the manufacturer of that product according to Clauses 3, 8 and 9 shows that the emission level does not exceed the AEL (accessible emission limit) of Class 1 under all conditions of operation, maintenance, service and failure. In addition to the hazards resulting from laser radiation, laser equipment may also give rise to other hazards such as fire and electric shock. This Part 1 describes the minimum requirements. Compliance with this Part 1 may not be sufficient to achieve the required level of product safety. Laser products must conform to the applicable performance and testing requirements of the applicable product safety standards. Where a laser system forms a part of equipment which is subject to another IEC product safety standard (e.g. for medical equipment (IEC 60601-2-22), IT equipment (IEC 60950), audio and video equipment (IEC 60065), equipment for use in hazardous atmospheres (IEC 60079), or electric toys (IEC 62115)), this Part 1 will apply in accordance with the provisions of IEC Guide 104 ) for hazards resulting from laser radiation. If no product safety standard is applicable, then IEC 61010-1 applies. In previous editions, LEDs were included in the scope of IEC 60825-1, and they may be still included in other parts of the IEC 60825 series. However, with the development of lamp safety standards, optical radiation safety of LEDs in general can be more appropriately addressed by lamp safety standards. The removal of LEDs from the scope of this Part 1 does not preclude other standards from including LEDs whenever they refer to lasers. CIE S009 may be applied to determine the risk group class of an LED or product incorporating one or more LEDs. The MPE (maximum permissible exposure) values of this Part 1 were developed for laser radiation and do not apply to collateral radiation. However, if a concern exists that accessible collateral radiation might be hazardous, the laser MPE values may be applied to conservatively evaluate this potential hazard. The MPE values are not applicable to intentional human exposure to laser radiation for the purpose of medical or cosmetic/aesthetic treatment. The objectives of this part of IEC 60825 are the following: - to introduce a system of classification of lasers and laser products according to their degree of optical radiation hazard in order to aid hazard evaluation and to aid the determination of user control measures; - to establish requirements for the manufacturer to supply information so that proper precautions can be adopted; - to ensure, through labels and instructions, adequate warning to individuals of hazards associated with accessible radiation from laser products; - to reduce the possibility of injury by minimizing unnecessary accessible radiation and to give improved control of the laser radiation hazards through protective features. This second edition of IEC 60825-1 cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993,
Sécurité des appareils à laser - Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
La CEI 60825-1 s'applique à la sécurité des appareils à laser émettant un rayonnement laser dans la gamme des longueurs d'ondes de 180 nm à 1 mm. Un appareil à laser peut se composer d'un seul laser avec ou sans dispositif d'alimentation séparé, ou bien il peut comporter un ou plusieurs lasers dans un système complexe optique, électrique ou mécanique. Les appareils à laser sont généralement utilisés pour la démonstration des phénomènes physiques et optiques, le travail des matériaux, la lecture et le stockage des données, la transmission et la visualisation de l'information, etc. De tels systèmes sont utilisés dans l'industrie, le commerce, le spectacle, la recherche, l'enseignement, la médecine et les produits de consommation. Les appareils à laser qui sont vendus à d'autres fabricants pour être utilisés en tant que composants d'un matériel quelconque destiné à une vente ultérieure ne sont pas soumis à la CEI 60825-1, étant donné que l'appareil final sera lui-même soumis à cette norme. Cependant, si le système à laser dans l'appareil à laser est utilisable lorsqu'il est ôté de ce matériel, les exigences de cette Partie 1 s'appliquent à ce système amovible. Tout appareil à laser est exempt de toutes les exigences supplémentaires de la présente Partie 1, si la classification par le fabricant de cet appareil conformément aux Articles 3, 8 et 9 montre que le niveau d'émission ne dépasse pas les LEA (limite d'émission accessible) de la classe 1 dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement, de maintenance, d'entretien et de défaillance. En complément des dangers associés au rayonnement laser, les matériels laser peuvent éventuellement présenter aussi d'autres dangers tels qu'un danger d'incendie ou un choc électrique. La présente Partie 1 décrit les exigences minimales. La conformité à cette Partie 1 peut ne pas être suffisante pour obtenir le niveau requis de sécurité de l'appareil. Il faut que les appareils à laser soient conformes aux exigences de performance et d'essais applicables des normes de sécurité de produits applicables. Lorsqu'un système à laser constitue une partie d'un matériel qui est soumis à une autre norme CEI de sécurité de produit (par exemple appareils médicaux (CEI 60601-2-22), matériels de traitement de l'information (CEI 60950), matériels audio et vidéo (CEI 60065), matériels pour utilisation en atmosphères dangereuses (CEI 60079), ou jouets électriques (CEI 62115)), la présente Partie 1 sera appliquée, conformément aux dispositions du Guide CEI 104 ), pour les dangers associés au rayonnement laser. Si aucune norme de sécurité de produit n'est applicable, la CEI 61010-1 s'applique. Dans les éditions précédentes, les DEL étaient comprises dans le domaine d'application de la CEI 60825-1, et elles peuvent être encore incluses dans les autres parties de la série CEI 60825. Cependant, avec le développement des normes de sécurité pour les lampes, la sécurité des rayonnements optiques des DEL en général peut être traitée de façon plus appropriée par les normes de sécurité pour les lampes. Le retrait des DEL du domaine d'application de la présente Partie 1 n'empêche pas que les autres normes traitent des DEL, à chaque fois qu'elles se rapportent aux lasers. La CIE S009 peut être appliquée pour déterminer la classe du groupe de risque d'une DEL ou d'un appareil comportant une ou plusieurs DEL. Les valeurs des EMP (expositions maximales permises) données dans cette Partie 1 ont été établies pour le rayonnement laser et ne s'appliquent pas au rayonnement connexe. Cependant, s'il demeure une inquiétude concernant le danger d'un rayonnement connexe, les valeurs des EMP pour les lasers peuvent être appliquées pour minimiser ce danger potentiel. Les valeurs des EMP ne sont pas applicables à l'exposition intentionnelle d'une personne au rayonnement laser dans le but d'un traitement médical ou cosmétique/esthétique. La présente partie de la CEI 60825 répond aux objectifs définis ci-dessous: - introduire un système de classi
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60825-1
Edition 2.0 2007-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Safety of laser products –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
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IEC 60825-1
Edition 2.0 2007-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
GROUP SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION GROUPÉE DE SÉCURITÉ
Safety of laser products –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 1: Classification des matériels et exigences
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XD
CODE PRIX
ICS 13.110; 31.260 ISBN 2-8318-9085-3
– 1 –
Publication IEC 60825-1 (Second edition – 2007) I-SH 01
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by committee 76: Optical radiation safety and
laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/415/ISH 76/418/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
_____________
Subclauses 9.2 and 9.3
These subclauses are clarified by the following:
Introduction
For emissions in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 1 400 nm, the need to perform
measurements for Condition 2 (eye loupe viewing) can be greatly reduced by recognising that
Condition 3 (unaided viewing) in many cases will be the most restrictive criterion.
Interpretation
The following table outlines the process in this interpretation of IEC 60825-1, subclauses 9.2
and 9.3.
IF THEN
Angular Subtense > 1,5 mrad @ 100 mm from Condition 2 need not be considered
the reference point
Use simplified Condition 2, C = 1
Angular Subtense ≤ 1,5 mrad @ 100 mm; or
the angular subtense is not determined
Optional for intermediate sources: Angular CAN use Figure 5 (with C determined using
Figure 5) if simplified Condition 2 is too
Subtense ≤ 1,5 mrad @ 100 mm AND >
restrictive for the application
1,5 mrad using Figure 5
December 2009 ICS 13.110; 31.260
– 2 –
Rationale
Based on independent studies (see for instance reference [1]), it is found that for extended
sources and for radiation in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 1 400 nm, Condition 3 will in
most cases be more restrictive than Condition 2 for extended sources (Figure 5). The main
reason for this is the magnification of the source obtained with Condition 2. Also, the aperture
stop of Condition 2 is limited to 3,5 mm since it simulates a case where there is a high level of
ambient lighting, while Condition 3 uses a 7 mm aperture stop, as it simulates a general
viewing condition including accidental exposure.
Row 1 in the table above:
If it can be shown that the apparent source is extended (α > 1,5 mrad) for unaided viewing at
100 mm distance from the reference point, Condition 2 does not have to be considered.
Row 2 in the table above:
If the source is not extended for unaided viewing (i.e. the angular subtense of the apparent
source is less than 1,5 mrad at 100 mm distance from the reference point), or if the angular
subtense of the apparent source is not determined (default simplified evaluation), Condition 2
needs to be considered, as it could be more restrictive than Condition 3.
Row 3 in the table above:
For the case that the optional application of Condition 2 for extended sources (Figure 5) is
considered, the following cases can be distinguished:
a) if the angular subtense of the apparent source is determined to be less than 1,5 mrad at
100 mm from the reference point, but appears extended (α >1,5 mrad) using Condition 2
for extended sources (Figure 5) (due to the magnification of the eye loupe), Condition 2 for
extended sources may be less restrictive than the simplified Condition 2 and can be
applied for the test. If Condition 2 for extended sources (per Figure 5) is used, the
corresponding angular subtense is also to be determined using this measurement setup. It
should be noted that in this case Condition 3 (where C =1) can be more restrictive than
Condition 2 for extended sources (Figure 5) and has to be considered.
b) if the angular subtense of the apparent source is determined to be less than 1,5 mrad at
100 mm from the reference point, and is also less than 1,5 mrad using Condition 2 for
extended sources (Figure 5), the simplified Condition 2 (Table 11) is applicable.
NOTE For the default (simplified) evaluation described in 9.3.2 of the standard, it is not necessary to determine
the angular subtense of the apparent source. The apparent source can be assumed to be a small source to simplify
the analysis, since this would be the most restrictive case. The simplified measurement conditions listed in Table
11 would apply (Row 2 in the table above).
References
[1] Influence of magnifiers on ocular exposure levels, G Vees, R Gilber and K Schulmeister,
ILSC Paper 503, ILSC 2009 Proceedings (Laser Institute of America)
___________
TC 76/Publication IEC 60825-1 (2007), second edition/I-SH 02
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
INTERPRETATION SHEET 2
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by technical committee 76: Optical radiation
safety and laser equipment.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
76/437/ISH 76/440/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Subclause 8.3 f 3)
This subclause is clarified by the following:
Introduction
For pulse durations shorter than 1 ns, the application of the criterion given in 8.3 f 3) a) (the
-0,25
„N criterion“) produces overly-restrictive results when compared to the TOTP criterion 8.3
f 3) b).
NOTE This Interpretation Sheet also applies to MPE analyses (subclause A.3 c)).
Interpretation
In the wavelength range of 400 nm to 1 400 nm, the TOTP criterion (8.3 f 3) b)) can be
applied for the case of pulse trains with pulses of the same energy and duration.
–0,25
NOTE 1 If the “N criterion” is applied, it would have to be adopted as follows so that it results in equivalent
evaluations as the TOTP criterion:
Pulses with durations less than T are assigned pulse durations of T . If two or more pulses occur within a duration
i i
of T , these pulse groups are assigned a pulse duration of T . The reduction factor C is applied to the AEL that is
i i 5
applicable for T (i.e. C · AEL(T )). If one pulse occurs within T , the energy of that pulse is compared with the
i 5 i i
reduced AEL, i.e. with C · AEL(T )). If more than one pulse occurs within T , the sum of the energies of these
5 i i
pulses is compared with the reduced AEL.
NOTE 2 For the heading of 8.3 f 3) b)), instead of “for varying pulse widths or varying pulse durations” the
intended wording was “for varying pulse widths or varying pulse intervals“ as corrected in Corrigendum 1”.
Rationale
–0,25
For constant pulse durations and energies, the two criteria (the N and the TOTP criterion)
should be, as a general principle, equivalent for all pulse durations, as both reflect the same
January 2011 ICS 13.110; 31.260
thermal additivity of multiple pulse exposures and constant pulse trains are a special case of
non-constant pulse trains.
–0,25
For pulse durations longer than T , the TOTP and the N criteria, as given in IEC 60825-
i
1:2077, do produce mathematically identical evaluations. For pulse trains where individual
–0,25
pulse durations are shorter than 1 ns, because the N criterion is applied in IEC 60825-1
to the AEL for the single pulse (which for pulse durations less than 1 ns is smaller than the
–0,25
AEL for T of 18 µs or 50 µs), the N criterion and the TOTP criterion produce different
i
results. Since both rules are intended to reflect thermal additivity of pulses, the TOTP is the
–0,25
criterion equivalent with
more general criterion. Criteria that would make the current N
the TOTP criterion are outlined in NOTE 1 above.
This instruction will remain valid until a new version of IEC 60825-1 is published.
January 2011 ICS 13.110; 31.260
– 2 – 60825-1 © IEC:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
1 Scope and object.7
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms and definitions .9
4 Engineering specifications.22
4.1 General remarks.22
4.2 Protective housing.22
4.3 Access panels and safety interlocks .22
4.4 Remote interlock connector .23
4.5 Manual reset .23
4.6 Key control.24
4.7 Laser radiation emission warning .24
4.8 Beam stop or attenuator .
...
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