IEC 61869-6:2016

IEC 61869-6 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Instrument transformers –
Part 6: Additional general requirements for low-power instrument transformers

Transformateurs de mesure –
Partie 6: Exigences générales supplémentaires concernant les transformateurs
de mesure de faible puissance
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IEC 61869-6 ®
Edition 1.0 2016-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Instrument transformers –
Part 6: Additional general requirements for low-power instrument transformers

Transformateurs de mesure –
Partie 6: Exigences générales supplémentaires concernant les transformateurs

de mesure de faible puissance
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-4534-7

– 2 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative reference . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 13
3.1 General terms and definitions . 13
3.2 Terms and definitions related to dielectric ratings and voltages . 17
3.3 Terms and definitions related to current ratings . 17
3.4 Terms and definitions related to accuracy . 21
3.5 Terms and definitions related to other ratings . 26
3.7 Index of abbreviations and symbols . 26
4 Normal and special service conditions . 28
4.2 Normal service conditions . 28
4.2.3 Vibrations or earth tremors . 28
4.2.601 Partially outdoor LPIT . 28
5 Ratings . 28
5.3 Rated insulation levels and voltages . 28
5.3.5 Insulation requirements for secondary terminals . 28
5.3.601 Rated auxiliary power supply voltage (U ) . 28
ar
5.4 Rated frequency . 29
5.5 Rated output . 29
5.5.601 Rated burden (R ) . 29
br
5.5.602 Standard values for the rated delay time (t ) . 29
dr
5.6 Rated accuracy class . 30
6 Design and construction . 30
6.7 Mechanical requirements . 30
6.11 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 30
6.11.3 Requirements for immunity . 30
6.11.4 Requirement for transmitted overvoltages . 32
6.11.601 Emission requirements . 32
6.13 Markings . 33
6.601 Requirements for optical transmitting system and optical output link . 33
6.601.1 General . 33
6.601.2 Optical connectors . 33
6.601.3 Fibre optic terminal box . 33
6.601.4 Total cable length . 33
6.602 Requirements for electrical transmitting system and electrical wires for
output link . 33
6.602.1 Connectors . 33
6.602.2 Earthing of the output cable . 34
6.603 Signal-to-noise ratio . 34
6.604 Failure detection and maintenance announcement . 35
6.605 Operability . 35
6.606 Reliability and dependability . 35
6.607 Vibrations . 35
7 Tests . 36
7.1 General . 36

7.1.2 List of tests . 36
7.2 Type tests . 37
7.2.1 General . 37
7.2.2 Temperature-rise test . 37
7.2.3 Impulse voltage withstand test on primary terminals . 37
7.2.5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests . 37
7.2.6 Test for accuracy . 41
7.2.601 Low-voltage component voltage withstand test . 43
7.3 Routine tests . 44
7.3.1 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on primary terminals . 44
7.3.4 Power-frequency voltage withstand tests on secondary terminals . 45
7.3.5 Test for accuracy . 45
7.3.601 Power-frequency voltage withstand test for low-voltage components . 45
7.4 Special tests . 45
7.4.601 Vibration tests . 45
601 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders . 46
601.1 Designation. 46
601.2 Dependability . 46
Annex 6A (normative) LPIT frequency response and accuracy requirements for
harmonics . 47
6A.1 General . 47
6A.2 Requirements for noise and distortion . 47
6A.3 Anti-aliasing filter requirements for LPIT using digital data processing . 47
6A.4 LPIT accuracy requirements for harmonics and low frequencies . 49
6A.4.1 General . 49
6A.4.2 Measuring accuracy classes . 49
6A.4.3 Accuracy class extension for quality metering and low bandwidth d.c.
applications . 50
6A.4.4 Protective accuracy classes . 51
6A.4.5 Special high bandwidth protection accuracy class . 51
6A.4.6 Special accuracy classes for d.c. coupled low-power voltage
transformers . 52
6A.5 Tests for accuracy versus harmonics and low frequencies . 52
6A.6 Test arrangement and test circuit . 53
6A.6.1 Test for accuracy for harmonics and low frequencies . 53
6A.6.2 Type test for proper anti-aliasing . 53
Annex 6B (informative) Transient performances of low-power current transformers . 55
6B.1 General . 55
6B.2 Short-circuit currents in power systems . 55
6B.3 Conventional current transformer equivalent circuit . 58
6B.4 Types of current transformers . 60
6B.4.1 Types of conventional CTs . 60
6B.4.2 Types of low-power current transformers . 61
6B.5 Transient performance of current transformers . 62
6B.5.1 Transient performance of conventional current transformers . 62
6B.5.2 Transient performance of low-power current transformers. 63
6B.6 Summary . 64
Annex 6C (informative) Transient performances of low-power voltage transformers . 65
6C.1 Overview . 65

– 4 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
6C.2 General . 65
6C.2.1 Defining primary and secondary voltages. 65
6C.2.2 Normal service conditions of the network . 65
6C.2.3 Abnormal service conditions of the network . 66
6C.2.4 Rated secondary voltages . 66
6C.2.5 Steady-state conditions . 66
6C.3 Transient conditions . 66
6C.3.1 Theoretical considerations . 66
6C.3.2 Definition of transient error . 73
6C.3.3 Test of transient performance . 73
Annex 6D (informative) Test circuits . 78
6D.1 Test circuits for accuracy measurements in steady state for low-power
current transformers . 78
6D.2 Test circuits for accuracy measurements in steady state for low-power
voltage transformers . 81
Annex 6E (informative) Graph explaining the accuracy requirements for multi-purpose
low-power current transformer . 84
Bibliography . 85

Figure 601 – General block diagram of a single-phase LPIT . 10
Figure 602 – Primary time constant T . 19
p
Figure 603 – Duty cycles, single energization . 20
Figure 604 – Duty cycles, double energization . 21
Figure 605 – Examples of subassembly subjected to EMC tests – Usual structure used
in HV AIS applications . 38
Figure 606 – Examples of subassembly subjected to EMC tests – Usual structure used
in MV applications . 39
Figure 607 – Examples of subassembly subjected to EMC tests – Usual structure used
in HV GIS applications . 39
Figure 608 – Temperature cycle accuracy test . 42
Figure 6A.1 – Digital data acquisition system example . 48
Figure 6A.2 – Frequency response mask for metering accuracy class 1 (f = 60 Hz, f =
r s
4 800 Hz) . 49
Figure 6B.1 – Illustration of a fault in a power system . 56
Figure 6B.2 – Short-circuit current a.c. and d.c. components . 56
Figure 6B.3 – Symmetric fault current . 57
Figure 6B.4 – Asymmetric fault current . 57
Figure 6B.5 – Equivalent electrical circuit of a conventional CT . 58
Figure 6B.6 – Flux-current characteristic for a conventional CT without remanence
representation. 59
Figure 6B.7 – Representation of hysteresis and remanent flux for a conventional CT . 60
Figure 6B.8 – Comparison of flux-current characteristics for gapped and gapless CTs . 62
Figure 6B.9 – Secondary current distorted due to the CT saturation . 63
Figure 6B.10 – AC component for non-saturated and saturated CT . 63
Figure 6C.1 – Schematic diagram explaining the trapped charge phenomena . 69
Figure 6C.2 – Voltages during trapped charges phenomena . 70
Figure 6C.3 – Modelization example of a simplified low-power voltage transformer . 72

Figure 6C.4 – Testing arrangement for short time constant . 76
Figure 6C.5 – Testing arrangement for long time constant . 77
Figure 6C.6 – Typical waveform of e(t) during test . 77
Figure 6D.1 – Test circuit for analogue accuracy measurements in steady state . 78
Figure 6D.2 – Test circuit for analogue accuracy measurements in steady state
(alternative solution) . 79
Figure 6D.3 – Test circuit for digital accuracy measurements in steady state . 80
Figure 6D.4 – Test circuit for analogue accuracy measurements in steady state . 81
Figure 6D.5 – Test circuit for analogue accuracy measurements in steady state
(alternative solution) . 82
Figure 6D.6 – Test circuit for digital accuracy measurements in steady state . 83
Figure 6E.1 – Accuracy limits of a multi-purpose low-power current transformer . 84

Table 601 – Secondary terminal and low voltage component withstand capability . 28
Table 602 – Immunity requirements and tests . 30
Table 603 – Connectors . 34
Table 10 – List of tests . 36
Table 6A.1 – Anti-aliasing filter . 48
Table 6A.2 – Measuring accuracy classes . 50
Table 6A.3 – Accuracy classes extension for quality metering and low bandwidth d.c.
applications . 50
Table 6A.4 – Accuracy classes extension for high bandwidth d.c. applications . 51
Table 6A.5 – Protective accuracy classes . 51
Table 6A.6 – Accuracy classes for special high bandwidth protection . 52
Table 6A.7 – Accuracy classes for special d.c. coupled low-power voltage transformers . 52
Table 6A.8 – Accuracy classes for harmonics . 53
Table 6B.1 – Protective CTs . 61
Table 6C.1 – Primary short circuit . 71
Table 6C.2 – Trapped charges . 71
Table 6C.3 – Limits of instantaneous voltage error for protective electronic voltage
transformers in case of trapped charges reclose . 71

– 6 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS –
Part 6: Additional general requirements
for low-power instrument transformers

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61869-6 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 38:
Instrument transformers.
This first edition of IEC 61869-6 cancels and replaces the relevant parts of IEC 60044-7,
published in 1999, and of IEC 60044-8, published in 2002 .
This bilingual version (2017-07) corresponds to the English version, published in 2016-04.
______________
IEC 60044-7 and IEC 60044-8 will eventually be replaced by the IEC 61869 series, but until all the relevant
parts will be published, these two standards are still in force.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
38/501/FDIS 38/507/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
The French version of this standard has not been voted upon.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61869 series, published under the general title Instrument
transformers, can be found on the IEC website.
This Part 6 is to be read in conjunction with, and is based on, IEC 61869-1:2007, General
Requirements - however, the reader is encouraged to use its most recent edition.
This Part 6 follows the structure of IEC 61869-1:2007 and supplements or modifies its
corresponding clauses.
When a particular clause/subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this Part 6, that
clause/subclause applies. When this standard states “addition”, “modification” or
“replacement”, the relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
For additional clauses, subclauses, figures, tables, annexes or notes, the following numbering
system is used:
– clauses, subclauses, tables, figures and notes that are numbered starting from 601 are
additional to those in Part 1;
– additional annexes are lettered 6A, 6B, etc.
An overview of the planned set of standards at the date of publication of this document is
given below. The updated list of standards issued by IEC TC 38 is available at the website:
www.iec.ch.
– 8 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016

PRODUCT FAMILY STANDARDS PRODUCT PRODUCTS OLD
STANDARD STANDARD
IEC IEC
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-1
61869-2
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
60044-6
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-2
61869-3
INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-3
61869-4
COMBINED TRANSFORMERS
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-5
61869-5
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS
IEC 61869-1
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-7
IEC 61869-6 61869-7
GENERAL
ELECTRONIC VOLTAGE
REQUIREMENTS
ADDITIONAL
TRANSFORMERS
FOR
GENERAL
INSTRUMENT
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR 60044-8
REQUIREMENTS 61869-8
TRANSFORMERS
ELECTRONIC CURRENT
FOR LOW-POWER
TRANSFORMERS
INSTRUMENT
TRANSFORMERS
DIGITAL INTERFACE FOR INSTRUMENT
61869-9
TRANSFORMERS
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW-
61869-10
POWER PASSIVE CURRENT
TRANSFORMERS
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LOW- 60044-7
61869-11
POWER PASSIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMERS
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
61869-12
COMBINED ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT
TRANSFORMER OR COMBINED
PASSIVE TRANSFORMERS
STAND ALONE MERGING UNIT
61869-13
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR
61869-14
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS FOR DC
APPLICATIONS
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DC
61869-15
VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS FOR DC
APPLICATIONS
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS –
Part 6: Additional general requirements
for low-power instrument transformers

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61869 is a product family standard and covers only additional general
requirements for low-power instrument transformers (LPIT) used for a.c. applications having
rated frequencies from 15 Hz to 100 Hz covering MV, HV and EHV or used for d.c.
applications. This product standard is based on IEC 61869-1:2007, in addition to the relevant
product specific standard.
This part of IEC 61869 does not cover the specification for the digital output format of
instrument transformers.
This part of IEC 61869 defines the errors in case of analogue or digital output. The other
characteristics of the digital interface for instrument transformers are standardised in
IEC 61869-9 as an application of the standards, the IEC 61850 series, which details layered
substation communication architecture.
This part of IEC 61869 considers additional requirements concerning bandwidth. The
accuracy requirements on harmonics and requirements for the anti-aliasing filter are given in
the normative Annex 6A.4.
The general block diagram of single-phase LPITs is given in Figure 601.
According to the technology, it is not absolutely necessary that all parts described in
Figure 601 are included in the instrument transformer.
As an example, for low-power passive transformers (LPITs without active electronic
components) the blocks are composed only with passive components and there is no power
supply.
Primary Primary Transmitting Secondary
sensor converter system converter
Input signal Output signal
Primary Secondary
Power Power
supply supply
IEC
Figure 601 – General block diagram of a single-phase LPIT
2 Normative reference
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
Clause 2 of IEC 61869-1:2007 is applicable with the following additions:
IEC 60068-2-6:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration
(sinusoidal)
IEC 60255-27:2013, Measuring relays and protection equipment – Part 27: Product safety
requirements
IEC 60603-7-1:2011, Connectors for electronic equipment – Part 7-1: Detail specification for
8-way, shielded, free and fixed connectors
IEC 60794-2:2002, Optical fibre cables – Part 2: Indoor cables – Sectional specification
IEC 60794-3:2014, Optical fibre cables – Part 3: Outdoor cables – Sectional specification
IEC 60812:2006, Analysis techniques for system reliability – Procedure for failure mode and
effects analysis (FMEA)
IEC 61000-4-1:2006, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-1: Testing and
measurement techniques – Overview of IEC 61000-4 series
IEC 61000-4-2:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2006, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and
measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3:2006/AMD1:2007
IEC 61000-4-3:2006/AMD2:2010
IEC 61000-4-4:2012, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and
measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5:2014, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and
measurement techniques – Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-6:2013, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and
measurement techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-7:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-7: Testing and
measurement techniques – General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements
and instrumentation, for power supply systems and equipment connected thereto
IEC 61000-4-7:2002/AMD1:2008
IEC 61000-4-8:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and
measurement techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-9:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-9: Testing and
measurement techniques – Section 9: Pulse magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-9:1993/AMD1:2000
IEC 61000-4-10:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-10: Testing and
measurement techniques –Section 10: Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity test. Basic
EMC Publication
IEC 61000-4-10:1993/AMD1:2000
– 12 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
IEC 61000-4-11:2004, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity
tests
IEC 61000-4-13:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-13: Testing and
measurement techniques – Harmonics and interharmonics including mains signalling at a.c.
power port, low frequency immunity tests
IEC 61000-4-13:2002/AMD1:2009
IEC 61000-4-16:1998, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-16: Testing and
measurement techniques – Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in
the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz
IEC 61000-4-16:1998/AMD1:2001
IEC 61000-4-16:1998/AMD2:2009
IEC 61000-4-18:2006, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-18: Testing and
measurement techniques – Damped oscillatory wave immunity test
IEC 61000-4-18:2006/AMD1:2010
IEC 61000-4-29:2000, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-29: Testing and
measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c.
input power port immunity tests
IEC 61025:2006, Fault tree analysis (FTA)
IEC 61076-2-101:2012, Connectors for electronic equipment – Product requirements –
Part 2-101: Circular connectors – Detail specification for M12 connectors with screw-locking
IEC TS 61850-2:2003, Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 2:
Glossary
IEC 61850-7-4:2010, Communication networks and systems for power utility automation –
Part 7-4: Basic communication structure – Compatible logical node classes and data object
classes
IEC 61869-1:2007, Instrument transformers – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61869-2:2012, Instrument transformers – Part 2: Additional requirements for current
transformers
IEC 61869-3:2011, Instrument transformers – Part 3: Additional requirements for inductive
voltage transformers
IEC TR 61869-103:2012, Instrument transformers – Part 103: The use of instrument
transformers for power quality measurement
IEC 62271-100:2008, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 100: Alternating
current circuit-breakers
IEC 62271-100:2008/AMD1:2012
CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance
characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-4:2010, Information technology – Smart transducer interface for
sensors and actuators – Part 4: Mixed-mode communication protocols and Transducer
Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) formats

EN 50160:2010, Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions in IEC 61869-1:2007 apply, with
the following modifications and additions.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.601
low-power instrument transformer
LPIT
arrangement, consisting of one or more current or voltage transformer(s) which may be
connected to transmitting systems and secondary converters, all intended to transmit a low-
power analogue or digital output signal to measuring instruments, meters and protective or
control devices or similar apparatus
EXAMPLE An arrangement consisting of three current sensors, three voltage sensors connected to one merging
unit delivering one digital output is considered an LPIT.
Note 1 to entry: LPITs are commonly called non-conventional instrument transformers (NCIT).
Note 2 to entry: The output power produced by these devices is typically lower or equal to 1 VA.
Note 3 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.602
low-power current transformer
LPCT
low-power instrument transformer for current measurement
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.603
low-power voltage transformer
LPVT
low-power instrument transformer for voltage measurement
Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only.
3.1.604
measuring LPIT
LPIT intended to transmit an output signal to measuring instruments and meters
3.1.605
protective LPIT
LPIT intended to transmit an output signal to protective and control devices
3.1.606
multipurpose LPIT
LPIT intended for both measurement and protection applications
3.1.607
electronic LPIT
LPIT that includes active components
3.1.608
passive LPIT
LPIT that includes only passive components

– 14 – IEC 61869-6:2016  IEC 2016
3.1.609
input signal
signal corresponding to the current or to the voltage applied between the primary terminals of
the LPIT
3.1.610
primary sensor
electrical, optical or other device intended to provide information about the input signal in
order to transmit it to the secondary converter, either directly or by means of a primary
converter
3.1.611
primary converter
electrical, optical or other arrangement that converts the signal coming from one or more
primary sensors into a signal suitable for the transmitting system
3.1.612
primary power supply
auxiliary power supply to the primary converter and/or primary sensor
Note 1 to entry: Can be combined with secondary power supply (see 3.1.620).
3.1.613
transmitting system
short- or long-distance coupling arrangement between primary and secondary parts intended
to transmit the signal
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the technology used, the transmitting system can also be used for power
transmission.
3.1.614
secondary converter
arrangement that converts the signal transmitted through the transmitting system into a signal
proportional to the input
...