IEC 61000-4-3:2006+AMD1:2007 CSV

IEC 61000-4-3
Edition 3.1 2008-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity test

Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-3: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Essai d'immunité aux champs
électromagnétiques rayonnés aux fréquences radioélectriques

IEC 61000-4-3:2006+A1:2007

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IEC 61000-4-3
Edition 3.1 2008-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency,
electromagnetic field immunity test

Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-3: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Essai d'immunité aux champs
électromagnétiques rayonnés aux fréquences radioélectriques

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CR
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.100.20 ISBN 2-8318-9550-2

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Publication IEC 61000-4-3 (Edition 3.0 – 2008) I-SH 01

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measurement
techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic
field immunity test


INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by SC 77B: High frequency phenomena, of IEC
technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
ISH Report on voting
77B/568/ISH 77B/573/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________


IEC 61000-4-3 contains quick checks embedded in the field calibration process (subclause
6.2), in which the operator tests whether the amplifier is able to produce the desired RF power
without saturation.
Step j) of the calibration process as per 6.2.1 describes this check for the constant field
strength calibration method:

j) Confirm that the test system (e.g. the power amplifier) is not in saturation. Assuming
that E has been chosen as 1,8 times E, perform the following procedure at each
C t
calibration frequency:

j-1) Decrease the output from the signal generator by 5,1 dB from the level needed to
establish a forward power of P , as determined in the above steps (-5,1 dB is the same
C
as E /1,8);
C

j-2) Record the new forward power delivered to the antenna;

j-3) Subtract the forward power measured in step j-2 from P . If the difference is between
C
3,1 and 5,1 dB, then the amplifier is not saturated and the test system sufficient for
testing. If the difference is less than 3,1 dB, then the amplifier is saturated and is not
suitable for testing.

The corresponding check within the constant power calibration method as per 6.2.2 is defined
as step m):

m) Confirm that the test system (e. g. the power amplifier) is not in saturation. Assuming
that E has been chosen as 1,8 times E, perform the following procedure at each
C t
calibration frequency:

m-1) Decrease the output from the signal generator by 5,1 dB from the level needed to
establish a forward power of P , as determined in the above steps (-5,1 dB is the same
C
as E /1,8);
C

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- 2 -

m-2) Record the new forward power delivered to the antenna;

m-3) Subtract the forward power measured in step m-2 from P . If the difference is between
C
3,1 dB and 5,1 dB, then the amplifier is not saturated and the test system is sufficient
for testing. If the difference is less than 3,1 dB, then the amplifier is saturated and is not
suitable for testing.

Some amplifiers show deviations of more than 5,1 dB without causing any problems during
testing. That behaviour is caused by their special functional principle (above all travelling
wave tube amplifiers). Figures 1 and 2 show some measurement results obtained from a
semiconductor amplifier as well as from a TWT amplifier.
The text described in j-3, respectively m-3, unfortunately gives no clear answers on the
usability of these amplifiers.
th
After discussion at the 20 meeting of SC 77B/WG 10 on October, 22 - 26, 2007, the experts
of WG 10 unanimously expressed their opinion that j-3 and m-3 are to be interpreted such that
amplifiers showing a deviation of more than 5,1 dB are suitable for testing. E.g. the amplifiers
having a characteristic as shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be used to perform tests according to
IEC 61000-4-3.




7
6
5
4
3
1 000 1 100 1 200 1 300 1 400 1 500 1 600 1 700 1 800
Frequency  (MHz)
IEC  1342/08


Target field strength is 30 V/m.
Figure 1 – Deviation as defined in step j-3 for a 200 W TWT-amplifier


Deviation  (dB)

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- 3 -

7,5
7,0
6,5
6,0
5,5
5,0
4,5
4,0
3,5
3,0
2,5
80 100 200 300 400 500 800 1 000
Frequency  (MHz)
IEC  1343/08


Figure 2 – Deviation as defined in step j-3 for a semiconductor amplifier

___________



August 2008
Amplifier saturation

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– 2 – 61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope and object.7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 General .11
5 Test levels.11
5.1 Test levels related to general purposes .12
5.2 Test levels related to the protection against RF emissions from digital radio
telephones and other RF emitting devices .12
6 Test equipment.13
6.1 Description of the test facility .13
6.2 Calibration of field .14
7 Test setup .19
7.1 Arrangement of table-top equipment.19
7.2 Arrangement of floor-standing equipment .19
7.3 Arrangement of wiring .20
7.4 Arrangement of human body-mounted equipment.20
8 Test procedure .20
8.1 Laboratory reference conditions .20
8.2 Execution of the test.21
9 Evaluation of test results .22
10 Test report.22

Annex A (informative) Rationale for the choice of modulation for tests related to the
protection against RF emissions from digital radio telephones .31
Annex B (informative) Field generating antennas .36
Annex C (informative) Use of anechoic chambers .37
Annex D (informative) Amplifier non-linearity and example for the calibration
procedure according to 6.2 .40
Annex E (informative) Guidance for product committees on the selection of test levels .45
Annex F (informative) Selection of test methods .48
Annex G (informative) Description of the environment.49
Annex H (normative) Alternative illumination method for frequencies above 1 GHz

(“independent windows method”) .54
Annex I (informative) Calibration method for E-field probes.57

Figure 1 – Definition of the test level and the waveshapes occurring at the output of
the signal generator .24
Figure 2 – Example of suitable test facility .25
Figure 3 – Calibration of field.26
Figure 4 – Calibration of field, dimensions of the uniform field area .27
Figure 5 – Example of test setup for floor-standing equipment .28
Figure 6 – Example of test setup for table-top equipment.29
Figure 7 – Measuring setup .30

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61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007 – 3 –
Figure C.1 − Multiple reflections in an existing small anechoic chamber.38
Figure C.2 − Most of the reflected waves are eliminated .39
Figure D.1 − Measuring positions of the uniform field area.42
Figure H.1 – Examples of division of the calibration area into 0,5 m × 0,5 m windows .55
Figure H.2 – Example of illumination of successive windows.56
Figure I.1 – Example of linearity for probe .60
Figure I.2 – Setup for measuring net power to a transmitting device .62
Figure I.3 – Test setup for chamber validation test.64
Figure I.4 – Detail for measurement position ΔL.64
Figure I.5 – Example of data adjustment .65
Figure I.6 – Example of the test layout for antenna and probe.66
Figure I.7 – Test setup for chamber validation test.67
Figure I.8 – Example alternative chamber validation data .67
Figure I.9 – Field probe calibration layout .68
Figure I.10 – Field probe calibration layout (Top view) .68
Figure I.11 – Cross-sectional view of a waveguide chamber .70

Table 1 – Test levels related to general purpose, digital radio telephones and other RF
emitting devices.11
Table 2 – Requirements for uniform field area for application of full illumination, partial
illumination and independent windows method.15
Table A.1 − Comparison of modulation methods .32
Table A.2 − Relative interference levels .33
Table A.3 − Relative immunity levels.34
Table D.1 – Forward power values measured according to the constant field strength
calibration method .43
Table D.2 – Forward power values sorted according to rising value and evaluation of
the measuring result .43
Table D.3 – Forward power and field strength values measured according to the
constant power calibration method.44
Table D.4 – Field strength values sorted according to rising value and evaluation of the
measuring result .44
Table E.1 – Examples of test levels, associated protection distances and suggested
performance criteria.47
Table G.1 – Mobile and portable units.51
Table G.2 – Base stations.52
Table G.3 – Other RF devices.53
Table I.1 – Calibration field strength level .58
Table I.2 – Example for the probe linearity check.59

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– 4 – 61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_________

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –

Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques –
Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test



FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61000-4-3 has been prepared by subcommittee 77B: High
frequency phenomenon, of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
It forms part 4-3 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with
IEC Guide 107, Electromagnetic compatibility – Guide to the drafting of electromagnetic
compatibility publications.
The test frequency range may be extended up to 6 GHz to take account of new services. The
calibration of the field as well as the checking of power amplifier linearity of the immunity
chain are specified.
This consolidated version of IEC 61000-4-3 consists of the third edition (2006) [documents
77B/485/FDIS and 77B/500/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2007) [documents 77B/546/FDIS and
77B/556/RVD].

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61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007 – 5 –
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendment and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 3.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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– 6 – 61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007
INTRODUCTION
This standard is part of the IEC 61000 series, according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as international standards
or as technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published
as sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second
number identifying the subdivision (example: 61000-6-1).
This part is an International Standard which gives immunity requirements and test procedures
related to radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic fields.

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61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007 – 7 –
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –

Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques –
Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test



1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 61000 is applicable to the immunity requirements of electrical and electronic
equipment to radiated electromagnetic energy. It establishes test levels and the required test
procedures.
The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of
electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to radiated, radio-frequency electro-
magnetic fields. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent
method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon.
NOTE 1 As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC.
As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity
test standard should be applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test
levels and performance criteria. TC 77 and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees
in the evaluation of the value of particular immunity tests for their products.
This part deals with immunity tests related to the protection against RF electromagnetic fields
from any source.
Particular considerations are devoted to the protection against radio-frequency emissions
from digital radiotelephones and other RF emitting devices.
NOTE 2 Test methods are defined in this part for evaluating the effect that electromagnetic radiation has on the
equipment concerned. The simulation and measurement of electromagnetic radiation is not adequately exact for
quantitative determination of effects. The test methods defined are structured for the primary objective of
establishing adequate repeatability of results at various test facilities for qualitative analysis of effects.
This standard is an independent test method. Other test methods may not be used as
substitutes for claiming compliance with this standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(161), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161: Electro-
magnetic compatibility
IEC 61000-4-6, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and measurement
techniques – Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields

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– 8 – 61000-4-3 © IEC:2006+A1:2007
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of IEC 61000, the following definitions, together with those in
IEC 60050(161) apply.
3.1
amplitude modulation
process by which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied following a specified law
3.2
anechoic chamber
shielded enclosure which is lined with radio-frequency absorbers to reduce reflections from
the internal surfaces
3.2.1
fully anechoic chamber
shielded enclosure whose internal surfaces are totally lined with anechoic material
3.2.2
semi-anechoic chamber
shielded enclosure where all internal surfaces are covered with anechoic material with the
exception of the floor, which shall be reflective (ground plane)
3.2.3
modified semi-anechoic chamber
semi-anechoic chamber which has additional absorbers installed on the ground plane
3.3
antenna
transducer which either emits radio-frequency power into space from a signal source or
intercepts an arriving electromagnetic field, converting it into an electrical signal
3.4
balun
device for transforming an unbalanced voltage to a balanced voltage or vice versa
[IEV 161-04-34]
3.5
continuous waves (CW)
electromagnetic waves, the successive oscillations of which are identical under steady-state
conditions, which can be interrupted or modulated to convey informat
...