IEC 60904-9:2007

IEC 60904-9
Edition 2.0 2007-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements

Dispositifs photovoltaïques –
Partie 9: Exigences pour le fonctionnement des simulateurs solaires

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IEC 60904-9
Edition 2.0 2007-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Photovoltaic devices –
Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements

Dispositifs photovoltaïques –
Partie 9: Exigences pour le fonctionnement des simulateurs solaires

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
P
CODE PRIX
ICS 27.160 ISBN 2-8318-9347-X
– 2 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3

1 Scope and object.5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
3.1 solar simulator.5
3.2 test plane .6
3.3 designated test area.6
3.4 data sampling time .6
3.5 data acquisition time .6
3.6 time for acquiring the I-V characteristic .6
3.7 effective irradiance.6
3.8 spectral range .7
3.9 spectral match.7
3.10 non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane .7
3.11 temporal instability of irradiance.7
3.12 solar simulator classification.8
4 Simulator requirements .8
5 Measurement procedures .9
5.1 Introductory remarks .9
5.2 Spectral match .9
5.3 Non-uniformity of irradiance on the test plane .10
5.4 Temporal instability of irradiance.11
5.4.1 Solar simulators for I-V measurement.11
5.4.2 Solar simulators for irradiance exposure.13
6 Name plate and data sheet.13

Bibliography.15

Figure 1 – Evaluation of STI for a long pulse solar simulator.12
Figure 2 – Evaluation of STI for a short pulse solar simulator .12

Table 1 – Global reference solar spectral irradiance distribution given in IEC 60904-3.7
Table 2 – Definition of solar simulator classifications .8
Table 3 – Example of solar simulator rating measurements.9

60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES –
Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60904-9 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar
photovoltaic energy systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition issued in 1995. It constitutes a
technical revision.
The main technical changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
• Added “Terms and definitions” clause
• Redefinition of solar simulator classification
• Added procedures for the measurement of classification parameters: Spectral match,
temporal instability, non-uniformity of irradiance
• Provided details and guidance to address technology specific measurement effects
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

– 4 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
FDIS Report on voting
82/488/FDIS 82/498/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 60904 series, under the general title Photovoltaic devices, can be
found on the IEC web site.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 5 –
PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES –
Part 9: Solar simulator performance requirements

1 Scope and object
IEC standards for photovoltaic devices require the use of specific classes of solar simulators
deemed appropriate for specific tests. Solar simulators can be either used for performance
measurements of PV devices or endurance irradiation tests. This part of IEC 60904 provides
the definitions of and means for determining simulator classifications. In the case of PV
performance measurements, using a solar simulator of high class does not eliminate the need
to quantify the influence of the simulator on the measurement by making spectral mismatch
corrections and analyzing the influences of uniformity of irradiance of the test plane and
temporal stability on that measurement. Test reports for devices tested with the simulator
shall list the class of simulator used for the measurement and the method used to quantify the
simulator’s effect on the results.
The purpose of this standard is to define classifications of solar simulators for use in indoor
measurements of terrestrial photovoltaic devices, solar simulators are classified as A, B or C
for each of the three categories based on criteria of spectral distribution match, irradiance
non-uniformity on the test plane and temporal instability. This standard provides the required
methodologies for determining the rating achieved by a solar simulator in each of the
categories.
This standard is referred to by other IEC standards in which class requirements are laid down
for the use of solar simulators. Solar simulators for irradiance exposure should at least fulfil
class CCC requirements where the third letter is related to long term instability. In the case of
use for PV performance measurements, classification CBA is demanded where the third letter
is related to the short term instability.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60904-3: Photovoltaic devices – Part 3: Measurement principles for terrestrial
photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 solar simulator
A solar simulator can be used for two different applications:
a) I-V measurement.
b) Irradiance exposure.
The equipment is used to simulate the solar irradiance and spectrum. Simulators usually
consist of three main components: (1) light source(s) and associated power supply; (2) any
optics and filters required to modify the output beam to meet the classification requirements;

– 6 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
and (3) the necessary controls to operate the simulator. Solar simulators shall be labelled by
their mode of operation during a test cycle. These are steady state, single pulse, and multi-
pulse.
NOTE 1 Two types of solar simulators are commonly used to determine I-V characteristics: Steady-state and
pulsed. The pulsed solar simulators can be further subdivided into long pulse systems acquiring the total I-V
characteristic during one flash and short pulse systems acquiring one I-V data point per flash.
NOTE 2 Beside the light source, the lamp power supply and the optics, also the I-V data acquisition, the
electronic load and the operating software may be an integral part of the solar simulator. Requirements for the
related measurement technique are included in other parts of the IEC 60904 series.
3.2 test plane
the plane intended to contain the device under test at the reference irradiance level
3.3 designated test area
region of the test plane that is assessed for uniformity
NOTE If required, typical geometries can be specified. A specification related to a circular geometry is also
permitted.
3.4 data sampling time
the time to take a single data set (irradiance, voltage, current). In the case of simultaneous
measurement, this is given by the characteristic of the A/D converter. In the case of
multiplexed systems the data sampling rate is the multiplexing rate.
EXAMPLE
A multiplexing time of 1 μs would give a sampling rate of 1 MegaSamples per second.
NOTE Due to a possible delay time for transient oscillation at each data point the data sampling rate must be
related to the data acquisition system only.
The data sampling time is used for evaluation of temporal stability.
3.5 data acquisition time
the time to take the entire or a part of the current-voltage curve
NOTE 1 The time of data acquisition depends on the number of I-V data points and a delay time that might be
adjustable.
NOTE 2 In the case of pulsed solar simulators the time of data acquisition is related to the measurements
recorded during a single flash.
3.6 time for acquiring the I-V characteristic
if the I-V curve of a PV device is measured through sectoring in different parts and successive
flashes, the full time for acquiring the entire I-V characteristic is the sum of times of data
acquisition
3.7 effective irradiance
irradiance may change during data acquisition of a I-V performance measurement. The
effective irradiance is then the average irradiance of all data points.
NOTE Care should be taken that possible irradiance correction meets the requirements of IEC 60891.

60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 7 –
3.8 spectral range
the reference spectral distribution of sunlight at Air Mass 1,5 Global is defined in IEC 60904-
3. For simulator evaluation purposes this standard restricts the wavelength range from
400 nm to 1 100 nm. In accordance with Table 1 this wavelength range of interest is divided in
6 wavelength bands, each contributing a certain percentage to the integrated irradiance.
3.9 spectral match
spectral match of a solar simulator is defined by the deviation from AM 1,5 reference spectral
irradiance as laid down in IEC 60904-3. For 6 wavelength intervals of interest, the percentage
of total irradiance is specified in Table 1.
Table 1 – Global reference solar spectral irradiance distribution
given in IEC 60904-3
Wavelength range Percentage of total
irradiance in the
nm
wavelength range
400 nm − 1 100 nm
1 400 − 500 18,4 %
2 500 − 600 19,9 %
3 600 − 700 18,4 %
4 700 − 800 14,9 %
5 800 − 900 12,5 %
6 900 − 1 100 15,9 %
3.10 non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane

(1)
⎡ maxirradiance − minirradiance⎤
Non −uniformity (%) = × 100%
⎢ ⎥
maxirradiance + minirradiance
⎣ ⎦
where the maximum and minimum irradiance are those measured with the detector(s) over
the designated test area.
3.11 temporal instability of irradiance
temporal instability is defined by two parameters:
a) Short term instability (STI)
This relates to the data sampling time of a data set (irradiance, current, voltage) during an
I-V measurement. This value of temporal instability may be different between data sets on
the I-V curve. In that case the short term instability is determined by the worst case.
For batch testing of cells or modules with no irradiance monitoring during I-V
measurement the STI is related to the time period between irradiance determination.
b) Long term instability (LTI)
This is related to the time period of interest:
– For I-V measurements it is the time for taking the entire I-V curve.
– For irradiation exposure tests it is related to the time period of exposure.

(2)
⎡ maxirradiance − minirradiance⎤
Temporal instability (%) = ×100 %
⎢ ⎥
maxirradiance + minirradiance
⎣ ⎦
– 8 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
where the maximum and minimum irradiance depend on the application of the solar simulator.
If the solar simulator is used for endurance irradiation tests, temporal instability is defined by
the maximum and minimum irradiance measured with a detector at any particular point on the
test plane during the time of exposure.
3.12 solar simulator classification
a solar simulator may be one of three classes (A, B, or C) for each of the three categories –
Spectral match, spatial non-uniformity and temporal instability. Each simulator is rated with
three letters in order of spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance in the test plane and
temporal instability (for example: CBA).
NOTE The solar simulator classification should be periodically checked in order to prove that classification is
maintained. For example spectral irradiance may change with operation time of the used lamp or uniformity of
irradiance is influenced by the reflection conditions in the test chamber.
4 Simulator requirements
Table 1 gives the performance requirements for spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance
and temporal instability of irradiance. For the spectral match, all six intervals shown in Table 1
shall agree with the ratios in Table 2 to obtain the respective classes. Refer to Clause 5 for
procedures to measure and calculate the three parameters (spectral match, non-uniformity of
irradiance and temporal instability) of the simulator.
If the simulator is intended to be used for STC measurement, it should be capable of
producing an effective irradiance of 1 000 W/m at the test plane. Higher or lower irradiance
levels may also be required.
NOTE If higher or lower irradiance is required, this may change the simulator classification.
These requirements apply to both steady state and pulsed solar simulators.
Table 2 – Definition of solar simulator classifications
Temporal instability
Spectral match to all
Short term Long term
Non-uniformity
Classifications intervals specified in
instability of instability of
of irradiance
Table 1
irradiance irradiance
STI LTI
A 0,75 – 1,25 2 % 0,5% 2 %
B 0,6 – 1,4 5 % 2 % 5 %
C 0,4 – 2,0 10 % 10 % 10 %
NOTE An example of solar simulator classification for I-V measurement is shown in Table 3. The classification of
spectral match is given for a non-filtered Xenon lamp. The classification for non-uniformity of irradiance depends
on the module size of interest.

60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 9 –
Table 3 – Example of solar simulator rating measurements

Non-uniformity of
Classification as Spectral match to all Temporal instability of
irradiance for a specific
specified in table 2 intervals specified in Table 1 irradiance
module size
STI evaluation:
Simultaneous
measurement of module
0,81 in 400 – 500 nm (A)
current, module voltage
0,71 in 500 – 600 nm (B)
and irradiance. Trigger
delay between channels
0.69 in 600 – 700 nm (B)
2,8 % for module size
less than
CBB
100 cm x 170 cm
10 nanoseconds. Within
0,74 in 700 – 800 nm (B)
that time less than 0,5 %
1,56 in 800 – 900 nm (C)
change of irradiance (A)
1,74 in 900 – 1 100 nm (C)
LTI for taking the entire
I-V curve in a 10 ms
interval = 3,5 % (B)
Worst case classification = C Classification = B Classification = B
5 Measurement procedures
5.1 Introductory remarks
It is the intent of this standard to provide guidance on the required solar simulator
performance data to be taken, and the required locations in the test area for these data to be
taken. It is not the intent of this standard to define the possible methods to determine the
simulator spectrum or the irradiance at any location on the test plane. It is the responsibility of
the simulator manufacturer to provide information upon request for test methods used in the
determination of the performance in each classification. These methods should be
scientifically and commercially acceptable procedures. The classification of a solar simulator
does not provide any information about measurement errors that are related to photovoltaic
performance measurements obtained with a classified solar simulator. Such errors are
dependent on the actual measurement devices and procedures used.
5.2 Spectral match
5.2.1 Available methods are the use of:
a) spectroradiometer comprising a grating monochomator and a discrete detector,
b) a CCD or photodiode array spectrometer (CCD = charge coupled device),
c) a multiple detector assembly with band pass filters, and
d) a single detector with multiple band pass filters.
NOTE Care should be taken to avoid response from stray light or second order wavelength effects. Care should
be taken that the sensitivity of the sensor is suitable in the wavelength range of interest. Care should be taken to
ensure that the time constant of the detector is suitable for the pulse length of the simulator.
5.2.2 The spectral irradiance data taken should be integrated in the range 400 nm to 1 100
nm and the percentage contribution of the 6 wavelength intervals defined in Table 1 to the
integrated irradiance determined.
5.2.3 Calculate the spectral match for each wavelength interval, which is the ratio of
calculated percentage for the simulator spectrum and the solar spectrum.

– 10 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
5.2.4 The data comparison with the solar spectrum shall indicate the spectral match
classification as per the following:
– Class A: Spectral match within 0,75-1,25 for each wavelength interval, as specified in
Table 2.
– Class B: Spectral match within 0,6-1,4 for each wavelength interval, as specified in Table 2.
– Class C: Spectral match within 0,4-2,0 for each wavelength interval, as specified in Table 2.
5.2.5 All intervals shown in Table 1 shall agree with the spectral match ratios in Table 2 to
obtain the respective classes.
NOTE 1 Spectral match may change during the pulse of a pulsed solar simulator. Therefore, integration time for
spectral irradiance measurement should be adjusted to the time of data acquisition and spectral match should be
calculated for that time period.
NOTE 2 Spectral match may change during the operation time of the solar simulator. If necessary, the spectral
match should be checked periodically.
5.3 Non-uniformity of irradiance on the test plane
The irradiance non-uniformity in the test area of a large-area solar simulator for measuring PV
modules depends on reflection conditions inside the test chamber or test apparatus.
Therefore no generalization can be made and non-uniformity is to be evaluated for each
system.
5.3.1 An encapsulated crystalline silicon cell or a mini-module is recommended to be used
as uniformity detector for determining the non-uniformity of irradiance in the test area of the
simulator by measuring its short-circuit current. The uniformity detector shall have a spectral
response appropriate for the simulator. The linearity and time response of the uniformity
detector shall conform to the characteristics of the simulator being measured.
NOTE When a mini-module is used as uniformity detector, care should be taken concerning possible measuring
effects caused by the interconnection of cells.
5.3.2 Divide the designated test area into at least 64 equally sized (by area) test positions
(blocks). The maximum uniformity detector size shall be the minimum of
a) the designated test area divided by 64, or
b) 400 cm².
The area covered by the detector measurements should be 100 % of the designated test area.
The measurement positions should be distributed uniformly over the designated test area.
NOTE 1 A mini-module can be used as uniformity detector as long as the dimensions of its active surface fall
within the dimensions of the test positions. It should have at least 80 % packing density of cells.
NOTE 2 For multiple-lamp solar simulators a higher resolution of data points using a smaller detector may
become necessary in order to detect irradiance non-uniformity.
NOTE 3 Module manufacturers should consider the use of a detector of the same dimensions as the cells in the
module.
Example: Large-area solar simulator
A designated test area of 240 cm x 160 cm gives a maximum area of uniformity detector size of 600 cm² if divided
by 64. As this value is greater than 400 cm² the maximum uniformity detector size is 400 cm² leading to 76 test
positions.
5.3.3 Using the uniformity device, determine the irradiance in each of the test positions
applying the following methods:

60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 11 –
a) Steady-state solar simulators: At least one measurement of the irradiance shall be made
in each location.
b) Pulsed solar simulator: The total irradiance of the solar simulator may not be constant
during the monitoring process. Therefore, a second PV device should be used for
monitoring the irradiance during the pulse. This is to be placed at a fixed position outside
the designated test area (monitoring device). Readings of both devices should be taken
simultaneously. If the IV-curve is recorded during a single pulse, at least 10 readings
should be taken during the part of the pulse in which the I-V measurement is performed. If
necessary, irradiance correction is to be performed. The effective irradiance is the
average of all irradiance corrected readings.
5.3.4 While the uniformity device may be centred in the test positions inside the perimeter of
the test area, it shall be placed to the outer edge of the test area for those test positions on
the test area perimeter.
5.3.5 Spatial non-uniformity is determined using equation (1) in 3.10.
5.3.6 A table of the measured simulator irradiance pattern should be supplied with the solar
simulator to assist the user in testing and to clearly define different areas with different
classifications and find the optimum test positions for different module/cell sizes.
5.3.7 The class of the simulator for non-uniformity is given by the following:
Class A: Non-uniformity of spatial irradiance 2 %, as specified in Table 2.
Class B: Non-uniformity of spatial irradiance 5 %, as specified in Table 2.
Class C: Non-uniformity of spatial irradiance 10 %, as specified in Table 2.
NOTE The irradiance pattern in the test area of solar simulators may change with operating hours or when lamps
are changed. The check of non-uniformity should be included into service and maintenance work.
5.4 Temporal instability of irradiance
5.4.1 Solar simulators for I-V measurement
Both short term instability (STI) and long term instability (LTI) need to be evaluated.
For the evaluation of STI, the I-V data acquisition system may be considered an integral part
of the solar simulator. If a solar simulator does not include the data acquisition system, then
the simulator manufacturer shall specify the corresponding data sampling time as related to
the reported STI classification.
There are two different cases for pulsed solar simulators and three cases for steady-state
solar simulators that are considered.
5.4.1.1 Pulsed solar simulator determination of STI
For a pulsed solar simulator where the data acquisition system is an integral part of the solar
simulator evaluation of STI can be related to two measurement concepts:
a) When there are three separate data input lines that simultaneously store values of
irradiance, current and voltage, the temporal instability is Class A for STI.
NOTE The uncertainty in simultaneous triggering of the three multiple channels is typically less than
10 nanoseconds.
b) When each data set is taken sequentially (irradiance, current, voltage), determine the
temporal instability as defined below (Figures 1 and 2)
1) Determine the time for taking two successive data sets (irradiance, current, voltage)
considering a possible delay time between measurements.

– 12 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
2) STI is related to the worst case irradiance change between successive data sets.
3) Determine the STI using the data from step 2), equation (2) and Table 2.
NOTE For pulsed solar simulators used for I-V measurements but not including an I-V data acquisition
system, the sections of the pulse to be utilized and the number of evenly spaced data points for achieving
class A, B, C of STI must be stated by the solar simulator manufacturer.
5.4.1.2 Pulse solar simulator determination of LTI
a) For long pulse solar simulators the LTI is related to the irradiance change of measured
data sets during the time of data acquisition (Figure 1).
b) For multi-flash systems the LTI is related to the maximum irradiance change measured
between all the data sets used to determine the entire I-V curve.

Data sampling time
Time of data aquisition
Irradiance
Voltage
Current
Time
IEC  2038/07
Figure 1 – Evaluation of STI for a long pulse solar simulator

Data sampling time Data sampling time
Irradiance
Voltage
Current
Time
IEC  2039/07
Figure 2 – Evaluation of STI for a short pulse solar simulator

Irradiance
Irradiance
60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 13 –
5.4.1.3 Steady state solar simulator for I-V measurement
a) When there are three separate data input lines that simultaneously store values of
irradiance, current and voltage, the STI is Class A.
NOTE The uncertainty in simultaneous triggering of the three multiple channels is typically less than
10 nanoseconds.
b) For steady state solar simulators without simultaneous measurement of irradiance, current
and voltage the following procedure is used to determine STI:
1) Determine the time for taking two successive data sets (irradiance, current and
voltage) considering a possible delay time between measurements.
2) STI is related to worst case irradiance change between successive data sets.
3) Calculate the STI using the data from step 2), equation (2) and Table 2.
NOTE For steady state solar simulators used for PV performance measurements but not including an I-V data
acquisition system, the maximum time of data acquisition should be stated by the solar simulator manufacturer
for a achieving class A, B, C of STI.
c) For steady state solar simulators not including irradiance measurement for a data set the
value of STI shall be determined from prior measurement of the irradiance instability over
the time period of interest for the I-V measurement (time between measurement of
irradiance). The continuous measurement of irradiance at stabilised operating conditions
is evaluated from the maximum and minimum in that time period. For this case there is no
LTI.
5.4.2 Solar simulators for irradiance exposure
For steady state solar simulators used for endurance irradiation tests the value of LTI is of
primary interest and used for classification. The following procedure is used to determine the
LTI:
a) Record the irradiance variations in the time period of interest by using a suitable
irradiance sensor and an appropriate averaging time. If multi-lamp systems are used a
representative number of locations in the designated test area shall be specified.
b) Determine maximum irradiance and minimum irradiance from data measured in step a).
c) Determine the LTI using the data from step b),equation (2).
d) Apply the calculated value of LTI to determine the classification of STI in Table 2.
5.4.3 The STI class of the solar simulator is given by the following:
Class A: Temporal instability 0,5 %, as specified in Table 2.
Class B: Temporal instability 2 %, as specified in Table 2.
Class C: Temporal instability 10 %, as specified in Table 2.
6 Name plate and data sheet
The following information shall be provided by the solar simulator manufacturer on the name
plate that accompanies each simulator:
– manufacturer;
– model;
– type of solar simulator (pulsed or steady-state);
– serial number;
– date of manufacture or traceable from serial number.

– 14 – 60904-9 © IEC:2007
In addition the following information shall be provided by the solar simulator manufacturer on
a data sheet that accompanies each simulator:
– Date of issue of data sheet.
– Intended use of the solar simulator (I-V measurement or irradiance exposure).
– Classification of “Spectral match”.
– Classification of “Non-uniformity of irradiance”.
– Classification of STI.
– Methods of measurements used to determine classification categories.
– Irradiance range over which these classes are determined.
– Maximum time of data acquisition if used for I-V measurements.
– Operating environment for which the classification is valid (ambient conditions, power
requirements).
– Location and nominal area of test plane at which the classification was determined.
– Nominal lamp setting and irradiance levels at which the classes were measured.
– Table of measured spectral irradiance distribution.
– Warm up time for stabilisation of irradiance.
– Warm up time for stabilisation of I-V measurements.
– Table of non-uniformity of irradiance measured over the specified test area.
– Measured temporal instability of irradiance (LTI).
– Maximum angle subtended by the light source (including reflected light) in the test plane.
– Irradiance profile vs. time of the pulse (for pulsed simulator).
– Data sampling rate.
– Changes that may require verification of the classification.

60904-9 © IEC:2007 – 15 –
Bibliography
IEC 60904-1: Photovoltaic devices – Part 1: Measurement of photovoltaic current-voltage
characteristics
IEC 60904-2: Photovoltaic devices – Part 2: Requirements for reference solar devices
IEC 60904-7: Photovoltaic devices – Part 7: Computation of spectral mismatch error
introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device
IEC 60904-8: Photovoltaic devices – Part 8: Measurement of spectral response of a
photovoltaic (PV) device
IEC 60904-10: Photovoltaic devices – Part 10: Methods of linearity measurement
IEC 61215: Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and
type approval
IEC 61646: Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval
___________
– 16 – 60904-9 © CEI:2007
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS.17

1 Domaine d'application et objet.19
2 Références normatives.19
3 Termes et définitions .19
3.1 simulateur solaire .19
3.2 plan d’essai.20
3.3 zone d’essai désignée .20
3.4 temps d’échantillonnage.20
3.5 temps d’acquisition de données.20
3.6 temps pour acquérir la caractéristique I-V .20
3.7 éclairement effectif.21
3.8 domaine spectral.21
3.9 égalisation spectrale .21
3.10 non-uniformité de l’éclairement dans le plan d’essai.21
3.11 instabilité temporelle de l’éclairement.21
3.12 classification du simulateur solaire .22
4 Exigences relatives au simulateur .22
5 Procédures de mesure .23
5.1 Remarques d’introduction.23
5.2 Egalisation spectrale .24
5.3 Non-uniformité de l’éclairement sur le plan d’essai .24
5.4 Instabilité temporelle de l’éclairement.26
5.4.1 Mesure I-V sous simulateurs solaire .26
5.4.2 Simulateurs solaires pour l’exposition de l’éclairement .28
6 Plaque d’identification et fiche technique.28

Bibliographie.30

Figure 1 – Evaluation de la STI pour un simulateur solaire à longues impulsions .27
Figure 2 – Evaluation de la STI pour un simulateur solaire à courtes impulsions.27

Tableau 1 – Répartition de l’éclairement spectral solaire de référence décrite dans la
CEI 60904-3 . .21
Tableau 2 – Définition des classifications de simulateurs solaires.23
Tableau 3 – Exemple de mesures caractéristiques d’un simulateur solaire .23

60904-9 © CEI:2007 – 17 –
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
DISPOSITIFS PHOTOVOLTAÏQUES –
Partie 9: Exigences pour le fonctionnement des simulateurs solaires

AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation
composée de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a
pour objet de favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les
domaines de l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI – entre autres activités – publie des Normes
internationales, des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports tech
...