IEC 62271-212:2022
(Main)High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
IEC 62271-212;2022 specifies the service conditions, rated characteristics, general structural requirements and test methods of the assemblies of the main electrical functional units of a high-voltage transformer substation, duly interconnected, for AC voltages up to and including 52 kV on the high-voltage side and service frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The CEADS is cable‑connected to the high-voltage network for indoor and outdoor applications of restricted access. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- clause numbering aligned with IEC 62271-1:2017,
- rewording of title and scope of the document,
- implement changes on internal arc definition and testing following the evolution of prefabricated substation concept according to IEC 62271-202,
- general review of main test procedures such as temperature rise or dielectric test on interconnections, considering control equipment, communication, smart grid devices and integration of components,
- general review of installation, operation, safety and maintenance requirements.
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 212: Ensemble compact d’équipement pour poste de distribution (ECEPD) pour les tensions alternatives inférieures ou égales à 52 kV
L'IEC 62271-212:2022 spécifie les conditions de service, les caractéristiques assignées, les exigences structurelles générales et les méthodes d'essai des ensembles des principales unités fonctionnelles électriques d'un poste de transformation haute tension, dûment interconnecté, pour les tensions alternatives inférieures ou égales à 52 kV du côté haute tension, et avec une fréquence de service de 50 Hz ou 60 Hz. L’ECEPD est raccordé par câble au réseau à haute tension pour des applications à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur à accès restreint. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2016. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- numérotation des articles alignée sur l’IEC 62271-1:2017;
- reformulation du titre et du domaine d'application du document;
- mise en œuvre des modifications relatives à la définition et aux essais d'arc interne en suivant l'évolution du concept de poste préfabriqué conformément à l’IEC 62271-202;
- examen général des principaux modes opératoires d'essai tels que l'échauffement ou l’essai diélectrique sur les interconnexions, compte tenu des équipements de commande, de la communication, des dispositifs de réseau intelligent et de l'intégration des composants;
- examen général des exigences d’installation, de fonctionnement, de sécurité et de maintenance.
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IEC 62271-212 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for
AC voltages up to 52 kV
IEC ICS 29.130.10:2022-06 RLV(en)
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IEC 62271-212 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for
AC voltages up to 52 kV
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.130.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3962-9
– 2 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 10
1 General .
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 12
3 Terms and definitions . 13
3.1 General terms and definitions . 14
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear . 14
3.3 Parts of assemblies . 14
3.4 Switching devices . 15
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear . 15
3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear . 15
3.7 Characteristic quantities . 15
3.8 Index of definitions . 15
4 Normal and special service conditions . 16
4.1 Normal service conditions . 16
4.2 Special service conditions . 17
5 Ratings . 18
5.1 General . 18
5.2 Rated voltage . 18
5.3 Rated insulation level . 19
5.4 Rated frequency (f ) . 19
r
5.5 Rated normal continuous current (I ,I ) . 19
r nA
4.4.2 Temperature rise .
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (I , I , I ) . 20
k ke cw
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (I , I , I ) . 20
p pe pk
5.8 Rated duration of short circuit (t , t , t ) . 21
k ke cw
4.8 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and
control circuits .
4.9 Rated supply frequency of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary
circuits .
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (U ) . 22
a
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits . 22
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems . 22
5.101 Rated power and total losses of CEADS . 22
5.102 Ratings of the internal arc classification (IAC) . 22
6 Design and construction . 23
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear . 24
6.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear . 24
6.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear . 24
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits . 25
6.5 Dependent power operation . 25
6.6 Stored energy operation . 25
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation
(independent unlatched operation) . 25
6.8 Manually operated actuators . 25
6.9 Operation of releases . 25
6.10 Low- and high-pressure interlocking and monitoring devices Pressure/level
indication . 26
6.11 Nameplates. 26
6.12 Interlocking Locking devices . 26
6.13 Position indication . 26
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 26
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators . 27
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness . 27
6.17 Liquid tightness Tightness for liquid systems . 27
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability) . 27
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 28
6.20 X-ray emission . 28
6.21 Corrosion . 28
6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation . 28
6.101 Protection against mechanical stresses . 28
6.102 Protection of the environment due to internal defects . 28
6.103 Internal arc fault . 29
6.104 Enclosures . 29
6.105 Sound emission . 29
6.106 Electromagnetic fields . 29
6.107 Solar radiation . 30
7 Type tests . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 Dielectric tests . 31
7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test . 35
7.4 Measurement of the resistance of circuits Resistance measurement . 35
7.5 Continuous current tests . 36
7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests . 36
7.7 Verification of the protection . 37
7.8 Tightness tests . 38
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) . 38
7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 38
7.11 X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters . 39
7.101 Temperature-rise tests . 39
7.102 Internal arc test . 48
7.103 Verification of making and breaking capacities of high-voltage functional unit . 51
7.104 Mechanical operation tests . 52
7.105 Mechanical stability test . 52
7.106 Pressure withstand test for gas-filled compartments. 52
7.107 Measurements of leakage currents of non-metallic enclosures . 52
7.108 Weatherproofing test . 53
7.109 Tightness and mechanical strength for liquid filled compartments . 53
7.110 Measurement or calculation of electromagnetic fields . 53
8 Routine tests . 53
8.1 General . 53
8.2 Dielectric tests on the main circuit . 54
8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 55
– 4 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit . 55
8.5 Tightness test . 55
8.6 Design and visual checks . 55
8.101 Mechanical operation tests on high-voltage functional unit . 55
8.102 Pressure tests of gas-filled compartments . 55
8.103 Tests of auxiliary electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic devices . 56
8.104 Measurement of the winding resistance . 56
8.105 Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of phase displacement . 56
8.106 Measurement of the short circuit impedance and load losses . 56
8.107 Measurement of no-load loss and current . 56
8.108 Inspection of the low-voltage functional unit, including inspection of wiring
and, if necessary, electrical operation test, operational performance and
function . 56
8.109 Checking of protective measures and of the electrical continuity of the
protective circuits of the low-voltage functional unit . 56
8.110 Tests after CEADS assembly on site . 56
9 Guide to the selection of CEADS (informative) . 56
9.1 General . 56
9.2 Selection of rated values . 57
9.3 Cable-interface considerations . 57
9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions . 57
9.5 Environmental aspects . 57
9.101 Selection of internal arc classification . 57
9.102 Information Summary of technical requirements and ratings for CEADS . 60
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative) . 65
10.1 General . 65
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders . 65
10.3 Information with tenders . 66
11 Rules for Transport, storage, installation, operation operating instructions and
maintenance . 67
11.1 General . 67
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation . 67
11.3 Installation . 67
11.4 Operation Operating instructions . 68
11.5 Maintenance . 69
11.101 Dismantling, recycling and disposal at the end of service life . 69
12 Safety . 69
12.1 General . 69
12.101 Electrical aspects . 70
12.102 Mechanical aspects . 70
12.103 Thermal aspects . 70
12.104 Internal arc aspects . 70
13 Influence of the product on the environment . 70
Annex A (normative) Method for testing CEADS under conditions of arcing due to an
internal arc fault . 71
A.1 General . 71
A.2 Room simulation . 71
A.3 Indicators (for assessing the thermal effects of the gases) . 71
A.4 Tolerances for geometrical dimensions of test arrangements . 73
A.5 Test parameters . 73
A.6 Test procedure . 73
A.7 Designation of the internal arc classification . 75
Annex B (normative) Test to verify the sound level of a CEADS . 89
B.1 Purpose . 89
B.2 Test object . 89
B.3 Test method . 89
B.4 Measurements . 89
B.5 Presentation and calculation of the results . 89
Annex C (informative) Types and application of CEADS . 90
C.1 Type of CEADS . 90
C.2 Application of CEADS . 90
Bibliography . 94
Figure 1 – Test diagram in case of type-tested high-voltage functional unit . 42
Figure 2 – Test diagram in case of non-type-tested high-voltage functional unit . 43
Figure 3 – Alternative diagram in case of type tested high-voltage functional unit
Diagram of the temperature-rise test alternative method . 45
Figure 4 – Diagram for the open-circuit test . 46
Figure A.1 – Mounting frame for vertical indicators . 76
Figure A.2 – Horizontal indicators . 76
Figure A.3 – Protection of operators in front of classified side(s) of CEADS . 77
Figure A.4 – Protection of general public around the CEADS . 78
Figure A.5 – Protection of operators in front of classified side(s) of CEADS having a
pressure relief volume below the floor . 79
Figure A.6 – Protection of the general public around the CEADS having a pressure
relief volume below the floor . 80
Figure A.7 – Selection of tests on high-voltage switchgear functional unit
for class IAC-A. 82
Figure A.8 – Selection of tests on high-voltage switchgear functional unit
for class IAC-B. 84
Figure A.9 – Selection of tests on high-voltage interconnection for class IAC-A . 86
Figure A.10 – Selection of tests on high-voltage interconnection for class IAC-B . 88
Figure C.1 – Application of CEADS . 91
Figure C.2 – CEADS Type G . 92
Figure C.3 – CEADS Type A . 92
Figure C.4 – CEADS Type I . 93
Table 1 – Locations, causes and examples of measures decreasing the probability of
internal arc faults . 59
Table 2 – Examples of measures limiting the consequences of internal arc faults . 59
Table 3 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Service conditions . 61
– 6 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
Table 4 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Ratings of the
CEADS . 61
Table 5 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Design and
construction of the CEADS . 64
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly
for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes made to
the previous edition IEC 62271-212:2016. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change
has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.
– 8 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
IEC 62271-212 has been prepared by subcommittee 17C: Assemblies, of IEC technical
committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear. It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) clause numbering aligned with IEC 62271-1:2017,
b) rewording of title and scope of the document,
c) implement changes on internal arc definition and testing following the evolution of
prefabricated substation concept according to IEC 62271-202,
d) general review of main test procedures such as temperature rise or dielectric test on
interconnections, considering control equipment, communication, smart grid devices and
integration of components,
e) general review of installation, operation, safety and maintenance requirements.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
17C/845/FDIS 17C/850/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
This International Standard should be read in conjunction with IEC 62271-1:2017, to which it
refers and which is applicable unless otherwise specified. In order to simplify the indication of
corresponding requirements, the same numbering of clauses and subclauses is used as in
IEC 62271-1:2017. Amendments to these clauses and subclauses are given under the same
numbering, whilst additional subclauses, are numbered from 101.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62271 series can be found, under the general title High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 10 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
Traditionally a high-voltage/low-voltage distribution substation has been constructed by
installing the main electrical components – high-voltage switchgear and controlgear, distribution
power transformer(s) and the corresponding low-voltage distribution panel(s) switchgear and
controlgear- within a closed electrical operating area. It can be a room within a building intended
for other usages (non electrical uses) or a separated housing (prefabricated or not) designed
specifically to contain the electrical equipment of the substation or an open area limited by
fences.
Some years ago in the search for a more standardized and compact substation, the concept of
prefabricated substation was developed. IEC 62271-202 covers this type of substation.
According to this document, the main electrical components (high-voltage switchgear and
controlgear, power transformer and low-voltage switchgear and controlgear) are fully in
compliance with their respective product standard, and the whole substation, including
interconnections and enclosure is designed and type tested and later manufactured and routine
tested in the factory. Correspondingly the quality of the substation is assured by the
manufacturer.
Moreover, also other types of assemblies have been introduced in the market. These are
assemblies comprising the main electrical active components of the substation and their
interconnections, delivered as a single product. The product can therefore be type tested,
manufactured, routine tested in the factory, transported and then installed in a closed electrical
operating area.
This type of factory assembled and type-tested product is covered by this document receiving
the generic name CEADS from Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation.
Numerous arrangements are possible and this document provides guidance on basic types of
assemblies, which might be envisaged.
A CEADS is not covered by IEC 61936-1. However, CEADS is intended to become part of a
distribution substation.
Taking into account the closer proximity of the main electrical components that even can share
some parts (enclosure, solid or fluid insulation…), it is very relevant to take notice of the
potential interaction between them. Therefore, to cover CEADS is neither sufficient nor always
applicable to refer to the relevant product standards. This document covers any additional
design and construction requirements and test methods applicable to the different types of
CEADS. In addition to the specified characteristics, particular attention has been paid to the
specification concerning the protection of persons, both operators and general public.
The CEADS is also of interest to committee TC 14: Power transformers, and committee TC 121:
Switchgear and controlgear and their assemblies for low voltage.
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly
for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
1 General
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62271 specifies the service conditions, rated characteristics, general structural
requirements and test methods of the assemblies of the main electrical functional units of a
high-voltage/low-voltage distribution high-voltage transformer substation, duly interconnected,
for AC of rated operating voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV on the high-voltage
side and service frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. This assembly is to be cable-connected to the
network, and intended for installation within an indoor or outdoor closed electrical operating
area. The CEADS is cable-connected to the high-voltage network for indoor and outdoor
applications of restricted access.
A CEADS as defined in this document is designed and tested to be a single product with a
single serial number and one set of documentation.
The functions of a CEADS are:
• switching and control for the operation of the high-voltage circuit(s);
• protection of the high-voltage/low-voltage transformer functional unit;
• high-voltage/low-voltage transformation;
• switching and control for the operation and protection of the low-voltage feeders.
However relevant provisions of this document are also applicable to designs where not all of
these functions exist (e.g. equipment comprising only high-voltage/low-voltage transformation
and switching and control for the operation and protection of the low-voltage feeder functions
or equipment without switching and control for the operation of the high-voltage circuit(s)).
– high-voltage/high-voltage or high-voltage/low-voltage transformation;
and some or all the following:
– switching and control for the operation of the high-voltage circuit(s);
– switching and control for the operation of the low-voltage circuit(s);
– protection of the power transformer functional unit.
The main functions are integrated in the following functional units:
– high-voltage functional unit;
– power transformer functional unit;
– low-voltage functional unit.
NOTE For the purpose of this document a self-protected transformer is not considered as a CEADS, but as a
functional unit, designed and type tested to its own product standard IEC 60076-13:2006.
– 12 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-441:1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-461:2008, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 461: Electric
cables (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60076 (all parts), Power transformers
IEC 60076-1:2011, Power transformers – Part 1: General
IEC 60076-2:2011, Power transformers – Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed
transformers
IEC 60076-3:2013, Power transformers – Part 3: Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external
clearances in air
IEC 60076-3:2013/AMD1:2018
IEC 60076-5:2006, Power transformers – Part 5: Ability to withstand short circuit
IEC 60076-7:2018, Power transformers – Part 7: Loading guide for mineral-oil-immersed power
transformers
IEC 60076-10:2016, Power transformers – Part 10: Determination of sound levels
IEC 60076-11:20042018, Power transformers – Part 11: Dry-type transformers
IEC 60076-12:2008, Power transformers – Part 12: Loading guide for dry-type power
transformers
IEC 60076-15:2015, Power transformers – Part 15: Gas-filled power transformers
IEC 60243-1:2013, Electrical strength of insulating materials – Test methods – Part 1: Tests at
power frequencies
IEC 60364-4-41:2005, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-4-41:2005/AMD1:2017
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013
IEC 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60721-1:1990, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 1: Environmental
parameters and their severities
IEC 60721-1:1990/AMD1:1992
IEC 60721-1:1990/AMD2:1995
IEC 60721-2-2:2012, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-2: Environmental
conditions appearing in nature – Precipitation and wind
IEC 60721-2-4:19872018, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-4: Environmental
conditions appearing in nature – Solar radiation and temperature
IEC TS 60815 (all parts), Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for
use in polluted conditions
IEC 60947-1:20072020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules
IEC 61439 (all parts) , Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies
IEC 61439-1:20112020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 1: General
rules
IEC 62262:2002, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against
external mechanical impacts (IK code)
IEC 62271-1:20072017, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common
specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-1:2007/AMD1:2011
IEC 62271-200:20112021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 200: AC metal-
enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including
52 kV
IEC 62271-201:2014, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 201: AC solid-insulation
enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including
52 kV
IEC 62271-202:20142022, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 202: High-
voltage/low-voltage Prefabricated substation
ISO/IEC Guide 51:2014, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-441,
IEC 62271-1:2007 and in the standards mentioned in 1.2, IEC 62271-202 and the following
apply.
NOTE Some standard terms and definitions are recalled here for ease of reference.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
_____________
This series supersedes some parts of IEC 60439 series.
– 14 – IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.101
closed electrical operating area
room or location for operation of electrical installations and equipment to which access is
intended to be restricted to skilled or instructed persons or to lay personnel under the
supervision of skilled or instructed persons
[SOURCE: IEC 61936-1:2021, 3.2.1, modified – In the definition, "power installations" replaced
with "installations", and "ordinary persons" replaced with "personnel".]
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear
3.2.101
Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation
CEADS
factory assembled and type-tested equipment comprising functional units, described in
Clause 1, duly interconnected
Note 1 to entry: Three types of CEADS are considered: grouped, associated and integrated (see Annex C for
details).
3.2.101.1
grouped type CEADS
CEADS-G
CEADS with functional units are standalone equipment fully complying with their respective
product standards, where these functional units are placed close to each other in a specified
layout
3.2.101.2
associated type CEADS
CEADS-A
CEADS with functional units may can deviate from existing product standard but not in any
aspect that could affect negatively safety and/or operation and where these functional units can
either be independent or share part of their frames or enclosures
3.2.101.3
integrated type CEADS
CEADS-I
CEADS where all or part of high-voltage functional units and the high-voltage/low-voltage
transformation functional unit are contained in a single enclosure, sharing the insulating medium
3.3 Parts of assemblies
3.3.101
functional unit
assembly of devices and components performing a given main function of the CEADS
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document functional unit has a different meaning than the meaning in other
standards. For example, in this document high-voltage functional unit (see 3.3.102) may can comprise several
functional units as per IEC 62271-200:20112021.
3.3.102
high-voltage functional unit
assembly of the switching devices and other components performing the function of switching
and control for the operation of the high-voltage side of the CEADS
Note 1 to entry: It may can include switching and control of the high-voltage main circuit of the network and the
protection of the high-voltage/low-voltage transformation function.
3.3.103
high-voltage/low-voltage power transformer functional unit
assembly of elements that perform the function of high-vo
...
IEC 62271-212 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for
AC voltages up to 52 kV
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 212: Ensemble compact d’équipement pour poste de distribution (ECEPD)
pour les tensions alternatives inférieures ou égales à 52 kV
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IEC 62271-212 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for
AC voltages up to 52 kV
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 212: Ensemble compact d’équipement pour poste de distribution
(ECEPD) pour les tensions alternatives inférieures ou égales à 52 kV
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3806-6
– 2 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 11
3.1 General terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear . 11
3.3 Parts of assemblies . 12
3.4 Switching devices . 13
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear . 13
3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear . 13
3.7 Characteristic quantities . 13
3.8 Index of definitions . 13
4 Normal and special service conditions . 13
4.1 Normal service conditions . 13
4.2 Special service conditions . 14
5 Ratings . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Rated voltage . 16
5.3 Rated insulation level . 16
5.4 Rated frequency (f ) . 16
r
5.5 Rated continuous current (I ) . 16
r
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 17
k
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (I ) . 17
p
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (U ) . 18
a
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits . 18
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems . 18
5.101 Rated power and total losses of CEADS . 19
5.102 Ratings of the internal arc classification (IAC) . 19
6 Design and construction . 20
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear . 21
6.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear . 21
6.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear . 21
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits . 22
6.5 Dependent power operation . 22
6.6 Stored energy operation . 22
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation) . 22
6.8 Manually operated actuators . 22
6.9 Operation of releases . 22
6.10 Pressure/level indication . 22
6.11 Nameplates. 22
6.12 Locking devices . 23
6.13 Position indication . 23
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 23
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators . 24
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness . 24
6.17 Tightness for liquid systems . 24
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability) . 24
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 24
6.20 X-ray emission . 24
6.21 Corrosion . 24
6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation . 24
6.101 Protection against mechanical stresses . 25
6.102 Protection of the environment due to internal defects . 25
6.103 Internal arc fault . 25
6.104 Enclosures . 26
6.105 Sound emission . 26
6.106 Electromagnetic fields . 26
6.107 Solar radiation . 26
7 Type tests . 27
7.1 General . 27
7.2 Dielectric tests . 28
7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test . 32
7.4 Resistance measurement . 32
7.5 Continuous current tests . 32
7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests . 32
7.7 Verification of the protection . 33
7.8 Tightness tests . 33
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) . 33
7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 34
7.11 X-radiation test for vacuum interrupters . 34
7.101 Temperature-rise tests . 35
7.102 Internal arc test . 42
7.103 Verification of making and breaking capacities of high-voltage functional unit . 45
7.104 Mechanical operation tests . 45
7.105 Mechanical stability test . 45
7.106 Pressure withstand test for gas-filled compartments. 45
7.107 Measurements of leakage currents of non-metallic enclosures . 46
7.108 Weatherproofing test . 46
7.109 Tightness and mechanical strength for liquid filled compartments . 46
7.110 Measurement or calculation of electromagnetic fields . 46
8 Routine tests . 46
8.1 General . 46
8.2 Dielectric tests on the main circuit . 47
8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 48
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit . 48
8.5 Tightness test . 48
8.6 Design and visual checks . 48
8.101 Mechanical operation tests on high-voltage functional unit . 48
8.102 Pressure tests of gas-filled compartments . 48
8.103 Tests of auxiliary electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic devices . 49
8.104 Measurement of the winding resistance . 49
8.105 Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of phase displacement . 49
8.106 Measurement of the short circuit impedance and load losses . 49
– 4 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
8.107 Measurement of no-load loss and current . 49
8.108 Inspection of the low-voltage functional unit, including inspection of wiring,
operational performance and function . 49
8.109 Checking of protective measures and of the electrical continuity of the
protective circuits of the low-voltage functional unit . 49
8.110 Tests after CEADS assembly on site . 49
9 Guide to the selection of CEADS (informative) . 49
9.1 General . 49
9.2 Selection of rated values . 50
9.3 Cable-interface considerations . 50
9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions . 50
9.5 Environmental aspects . 50
9.101 Selection of internal arc classification . 50
9.102 Summary of technical requirements and ratings for CEADS . 52
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative) . 56
10.1 General . 56
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders . 56
10.3 Information with tenders . 57
11 Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions and maintenance. 58
11.1 General . 58
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation . 58
11.3 Installation . 58
11.4 Operating instructions . 59
11.5 Maintenance . 60
11.101 Dismantling, recycling and disposal at the end of service life . 60
12 Safety . 60
12.1 General . 60
12.101 Electrical aspects . 61
12.102 Mechanical aspects . 61
12.103 Thermal aspects . 61
12.104 Internal arc aspects . 61
13 Influence of the product on the environment . 61
Annex A (normative) Method for testing CEADS under conditions of arcing due to an
internal arc fault . 62
A.1 General . 62
A.2 Room simulation . 62
A.3 Indicators (for assessing the thermal effects of the gases) . 62
A.4 Tolerances for geometrical dimensions of test arrangements . 64
A.5 Test parameters . 64
A.6 Test procedure . 64
A.7 Designation of the internal arc classification . 66
Annex B (normative) Test to verify the sound level of a CEADS . 75
B.1 Purpose . 75
B.2 Test object . 75
B.3 Test method . 75
B.4 Measurements . 75
B.5 Presentation and calculation of the results . 75
Annex C (informative) Types and application of CEADS . 76
C.1 Type of CEADS . 76
C.2 Application of CEADS . 76
Bibliography . 79
Figure 1 – Test diagram in case of type-tested high-voltage functional unit . 37
Figure 2 – Test diagram in case of non-type-tested high-voltage functional unit . 38
Figure 3 – Diagram of the temperature-rise test alternative method . 39
Figure 4 – Diagram for the open-circuit test . 40
Figure A.1 – Mounting frame for vertical indicators . 67
Figure A.2 – Horizontal indicators . 67
Figure A.3 – Protection of operators in front of classified side(s) of CEADS . 68
Figure A.4 – Protection of general public around the CEADS . 68
Figure A.5 – Protection of operators in front of classified side(s) of CEADS having a
pressure relief volume below the floor . 69
Figure A.6 – Protection of the general public around the CEADS having a pressure
relief volume below the floor . 70
Figure A.7 – Selection of tests on high-voltage functional unit for class IAC-A . 71
Figure A.8 – Selection of tests on high-voltage functional unit for class IAC-B . 72
Figure A.9 – Selection of tests on high-voltage interconnection for class IAC-A . 73
Figure A.10 – Selection of tests on high-voltage interconnection for class IAC-B . 74
Figure C.1 – Application of CEADS . 77
Figure C.2 – CEADS Type G . 77
Figure C.3 – CEADS Type A . 78
Figure C.4 – CEADS Type I . 78
Table 1 – Locations, causes and examples of measures decreasing the probability of
internal arc faults . 51
Table 2 – Examples of measures limiting the consequences of internal arc faults . 51
Table 3 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Service conditions . 53
Table 4 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Ratings of the
CEADS . 53
Table 5 – Summary of technical requirements, ratings for CEADS – Design and
construction of the CEADS . 55
– 6 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly
for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62271-212 has been prepared by subcommittee 17C: Assemblies, of IEC technical
committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear. It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) clause numbering aligned with IEC 62271-1:2017,
b) rewording of title and scope of the document,
c) implement changes on internal arc definition and testing following the evolution of
prefabricated substation concept according to IEC 62271-202,
d) general review of main test procedures such as temperature rise or dielectric test on
interconnections, considering control equipment, communication, smart grid devices and
integration of components,
e) general review of installation, operation, safety and maintenance requirements.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
17C/845/FDIS 17C/850/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
This International Standard should be read in conjunction with IEC 62271-1:2017, to which it
refers and which is applicable unless otherwise specified. In order to simplify the indication of
corresponding requirements, the same numbering of clauses and subclauses is used as in
IEC 62271-1:2017. Amendments to these clauses and subclauses are given under the same
numbering, whilst additional subclauses, are numbered from 101.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62271 series can be found, under the general title High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
– 8 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
Traditionally a high-voltage/low-voltage distribution substation has been constructed by
installing the main electrical components –high-voltage switchgear and controlgear, power
transformer and the corresponding low-voltage switchgear and controlgear- within a closed
electrical operating area. It can be a room within a building intended for other usages (non
electrical uses) or a separated housing (prefabricated or not) designed specifically to contain
the electrical equipment of the substation or an open area limited by fences.
Some years ago in the search for a more standardized and compact substation, the concept of
prefabricated substation was developed. IEC 62271-202 covers this type of substation.
According to this document, the main electrical components (high-voltage switchgear and
controlgear, power transformer and low-voltage switchgear and controlgear) are fully in
compliance with their respective product standard, and the whole substation, including
interconnections and enclosure is designed and type tested and later manufactured and routine
tested in the factory. Correspondingly the quality of the substation is assured by the
manufacturer.
Moreover, also other types of assemblies have been introduced in the market. These are
assemblies comprising the main electrical active components of the substation and their
interconnections, delivered as a single product. The product can therefore be type tested,
manufactured, routine tested in the factory, transported and then installed in a closed electrical
operating area.
This type of factory assembled and type-tested product is covered by this document receiving
the generic name CEADS from Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation.
Numerous arrangements are possible and this document provides guidance on basic types of
assemblies, which might be envisaged.
A CEADS is not covered by IEC 61936-1. However, CEADS is intended to become part of a
distribution substation.
Taking into account the closer proximity of the main electrical components that even can share
some parts (enclosure, solid or fluid insulation…), it is very relevant to take notice of the
potential interaction between them. Therefore, to cover CEADS is neither sufficient nor always
applicable to refer to the relevant product standards. This document covers any additional
design and construction requirements and test methods applicable to the different types of
CEADS. In addition to the specified characteristics, particular attention has been paid to the
specification concerning the protection of persons, both operators and general public.
The CEADS is also of interest to committee TC 14: Power transformers, and committee TC 121:
Switchgear and controlgear and their assemblies for low voltage.
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 212: Compact Equipment Assembly
for Distribution Substation (CEADS) for AC voltages up to 52 kV
1 Scope
This part of IEC 62271 specifies the service conditions, rated characteristics, general structural
requirements and test methods of the assemblies of the main electrical functional units of a
high-voltage transformer substation, duly interconnected, for AC voltages up to and including
52 kV on the high-voltage side and service frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The CEADS is
cable-connected to the high-voltage network for indoor and outdoor applications of restricted
access.
A CEADS as defined in this document is designed and tested to be a single product with a
single serial number and one set of documentation.
The functions of a CEADS are:
– high-voltage/high-voltage or high-voltage/low-voltage transformation;
and some or all the following:
– switching and control for the operation of the high-voltage circuit(s);
– switching and control for the operation of the low-voltage circuit(s);
– protection of the power transformer functional unit.
The main functions are integrated in the following functional units:
– high-voltage functional unit;
– power transformer functional unit;
– low-voltage functional unit.
NOTE For the purpose of this document a self-protected transformer is not considered as a CEADS, but as a
functional unit, designed and type tested to its own product standard IEC 60076-13:2006.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-441, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses (available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60050-461, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 461: Electric cables
(available at www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60076 (all parts), Power transformers
IEC 60076-1:2011, Power transformers – Part 1: General
– 10 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
IEC 60076-2:2011, Power transformers – Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed
transformers
IEC 60076-3:2013, Power transformers – Part 3: Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external
clearances in air
IEC 60076-3:2013/AMD1:2018
IEC 60076-5:2006, Power transformers – Part 5: Ability to withstand short circuit
IEC 60076-7:2018, Power transformers – Part 7: Loading guide for mineral-oil-immersed power
transformers
IEC 60076-10:2016, Power transformers – Part 10: Determination of sound levels
IEC 60076-11:2018, Power transformers – Part 11: Dry-type transformers
IEC 60076-12:2008, Power transformers – Part 12: Loading guide for dry-type power
transformers
IEC 60076-15:2015, Power transformers – Part 15: Gas-filled power transformers
IEC 60243-1:2013, Electrical strength of insulating materials – Test methods – Part 1: Tests at
power frequencies
IEC 60364-4-41:2005, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-4-41:2005/AMD1:2017
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999
IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013
IEC 60721-1:1990, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 1: Environmental
parameters and their severities
IEC 60721-1:1990/AMD1:1992
IEC 60721-1:1990/AMD2:1995
IEC 60721-2-2:2012, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-2: Environmental
conditions appearing in nature – Precipitation and wind
IEC 60721-2-4:2018, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-4: Environmental
conditions appearing in nature – Solar radiation and temperature
IEC TS 60815 (all parts), Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for
use in polluted conditions
IEC 60947-1:2020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules
IEC 61439 (all parts) , Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies
IEC 61439-1:2020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 1: General rules
_____________
This series supersedes some parts of IEC 60439 series.
IEC 62271-1:2017, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-200:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 200: AC metal-enclosed
switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV
IEC 62271-201:2014, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 201: AC solid-insulation
enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including
52 kV
IEC 62271-202:2022, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 202: Prefabricated
substation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-441,
IEC 62271-202 and the following apply.
NOTE Some standard terms and definitions are recalled here for ease of reference.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.101
closed electrical operating area
room or location for operation of electrical installations and equipment to which access is
intended to be restricted to skilled or instructed persons or to lay personnel under the
supervision of skilled or instructed persons
[SOURCE: IEC 61936-1:2021, 3.2.1, modified – In the definition, "power installations" replaced
with "installations", and "ordinary persons" replaced with "personnel".]
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear
3.2.101
Compact Equipment Assembly for Distribution Substation
CEADS
factory assembled and type-tested equipment comprising functional units, described in
Clause 1, duly interconnected
Note 1 to entry: Three types of CEADS are considered: grouped, associated and integrated (see Annex C for
details).
3.2.101.1
grouped type CEADS
CEADS-G
CEADS with functional units are standalone equipment fully complying with their respective
product standards, where these functional units are placed close to each other in a specified
layout
– 12 – IEC 62271-212:2022 © IEC 2022
3.2.101.2
associated type CEADS
CEADS-A
CEADS with functional units can deviate from existing product standard but not in any aspect
that could affect negatively safety and/or operation and where these functional units can either
be independent or share part of their frames or enclosures
3.2.101.3
integrated type CEADS
CEADS-I
CEADS where all or part of high-voltage functional units and the high-voltage/low-voltage
transformation functional unit are contained in a single enclosure, sharing the insulating medium
3.3 Parts of assemblies
3.3.101
functional unit
assembly of devices and components performing a given main function of the CEADS
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this document functional unit has a different meaning than the meaning in other
standards. For example, in this document high-voltage functional unit (see 3.3.102) can comprise several functional
units as per IEC 62271-200:2021.
3.3.102
high-voltage functional unit
assembly of the switching devices and other components performing the function of switching
and control for the operation of the high-voltage side of the CEADS
Note 1 to entry: It can include switching and control of the high-voltage main circuit of the network and the protection
of the high-voltage/low-voltage transformation function.
3.3.103
power transformer functional unit
assembly of elements that perform the function of high-voltage/high-voltage or high-
voltage/low-voltage transformation of the CEADS
3.3.104
low-voltage functional unit
assembly of the switching devices and other components performing the function of switching
and control for the operation and protection of the low-voltage feeders of the CEADS
3.3.105
high-voltage interconnection
electrical connection between the terminals of the high-voltage functional unit and the high-
voltage terminals of the power transformer functional unit
3.3.106
low-voltage inter
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