IEC 60662:2011

IEC 60662 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-pressure sodium vapour lamps – Performance specifications

Lampes à vapeur de sodium à haute pression – Spécifications de performance

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IEC 60662 ®
Edition 2.0 2011-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-pressure sodium vapour lamps – Performance specifications

Lampes à vapeur de sodium à haute pression – Spécifications de performance

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XH
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.140.30 ISBN 978-2-88912-385-8
– 2 – 60662  IEC:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 General lamp requirements . 8
5 Marking . 9
6 Dimensions . 9
7 Caps . 9
8 Test requirements for lamp starting, warm-up, electrical and photometric
characteristics . 9
9 Information for ballast and ignitor design . 10
10 Information for luminaire design . 12
11 Maximum lamp outlines . 13
12 Numbering system for lamp data sheets . 13
Annex A (normative) Waveshape of voltage pulses for lamp starting test (schematic
drawings) . 14
Annex B (informative) Diagrammatic data sheets for location of lamp dimensions . 16
Annex C (normative) Guidance for determining quadrilateral diagrams . 17
Annex D (normative) Measurement of voltage increase at lamp terminals for luminaire
design . 22
Annex E (informative) HPS lamp drop-out voltage measurement procedure . 25
Annex F (normative) Fixed settings of the ignition device (see 8.2.1) and requirements
for ignition . 31
Annex G (normative) Method of measuring electrical and photometrical characteristics . 32
Annex H (normative) Method of test for lumen maintenance and life . 34
Annex I (informative) Maximum lamp outlines . 35
Annex J (normative) Lamp data sheets . 47
Bibliography . 183

Figure A.1 – Waveshape: positive pulse during positive half cycle . 14
Figure A.2 – Waveshape: positive pulse during negative half cycle . 14
Figure A.3 – Shape and parameters of the pulse used in North America . 15
Figure C.1 – Relationship of wattage and voltage of an HPS lamp . 18
Figure C.2 – Lamp characteristic curves for several HPS lamps . 18
Figure C.3 – Typical ballast characteristic curves . 18
Figure C.4 – Typical lag or reactor ballast characteristic curves at different supply
voltages . 18
Figure C.5 – Minimum and maximum wattage lines . 20
Figure C.6 – Finished quadrilateral relative to the reference ballast curves and drop-
out locus . 21
Figure E.1 – Example of test circuit . 27
Figure E.2 – Typical quadrilateral diagram showing drop-out points . 28

60662  IEC:2011 – 3 –
Figure E.3 – Example plot of 400 W HPS lamp ballast curves showing drop-out points . 29
Figure E.4 – Incorrect drop-out point measurement due to raising lamp voltage at too
high a rate . 30
Figure E.5 – Test for lamp-ballast equilibrium . 30
Figure G.1 – Circuit diagram for measurement of lamp characteristics . 33

Table F.1 – Fixed settingsof the ignition device (see 8.2.1) . 31
Table I.1 – List of data sheets for maximum lamp outlines . 35

– 4 – 60662  IEC:2011
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOUR LAMPS –
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60662 has been prepared by subcommittee 34A: Lamps, of IEC
technical committee 34: Lamps and related equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1980 and its
amendments. It constitues a technical revision.
nd
Main items that required development of the 2 edition of IEC 60662 are:
• restriction to performance requirements. Safety requirements are given in IEC 62035:
Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications;
• introduction of a test device for ignition;
• split of the lamp data sheets which make use of the test device and those which do not;
• provisions for measurement during starting, measurement of electrical and photometrical
characteristics and tests for lumen maintenance and life;
• general review e.g. of maximum lamp outlines and alignment of data;
• new order of data sheets by wattage.

60662  IEC:2011 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
34A/1432/FDIS 34A/1452/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – 60662  IEC:2011
INTRODUCTION
The relation between data sheet numbers of the first and the second edition is given below.

Lamp data sheets
st nd st nd st nd
1 2 1 2 1 2
edition edition edition edition edition edition
1010 3250 1090 1105 2120 3300
1010 3255 1100 9000 2120 3305
1010 3260 1110 0770 2130 3310
1020 3265 1120 0775 2130 3315
1020 3270 1130 0780 2140 4500
1030 4400 1140 0785 2140 4505
1030 4405 1150 9005 2150 4510
1030 4410 1160 9010 2150 4515
1040 4415 1170 0550 3010 2300
1040 4420 1180 0555 3020 3400
1050 2150 1190 0560 3030 4600
1050 2155 - 6000 4010 3500
1060 2160 2100 2200 4020 3505
1060 2165 2110 2210 4030 4700
1070 1119 2110 2215 4040 4705
1080 1100
Lamp outline sheets
st nd st nd
1 edition 2 edition 1 edition 2 edition
- 150 01 9030 mod. 400 01
9010 250 01 9031 400 02
9011 250 02 9032 400 03
9012 mod. 250 03 9040 mod. 400 04
9020 250 04
60662  IEC:2011 – 7 –
HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOUR LAMPS –
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies performance requirements for high-pressure sodium
vapour lamps for general lighting purposes which comply with the safety requirements of
IEC 62035.
For some of the requirements given in this standard, reference is made to “the relevant lamp
data sheet”. For some lamps these data sheets are contained in this standard. For other
lamps, falling under the scope of this standard, the relevant data are supplied by the lamp
manufacturer or responsible vendor.
The requirements of this standard relate only to type testing.
The requirements dealing with the lamp starting test and associated information for
ballast/ignitor design are different depending on the practice of the country in which the lamp
type was originally developed.
NOTE The requirements and tolerances permitted by this standard correspond to testing of a type test sample
submitted by the manufacturer for that purpose. In principle, this type test sample should consist of units having
characteristics typical of the manufacturer’s production and being as close to the production centre point values as
possible.
It may be expected with the tolerances given in the standard that product manufactured in accordance with the type
test sample will comply with the standard for the majority of production. Due to the production spread however, it is
inevitable that there will sometimes be products outside the specified tolerances. For guidance on sampling plans
and procedures for inspection by attributes, see IEC 60410.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-845:1987, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 845: Lighting
IEC 60061-1, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 1: Lamp caps
IEC 60061-3, Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of
interchangeability and safety – Part 3: Gauges
IEC 60923:2005, Auxiliaries for lamps – Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular
fluorescent lamps) – Performance requirements
Amendment 1 (2006)
IEC 61347-2-1, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-1: Particular requirements for starting devices
(other then glow starters)
IEC 62035, Discharge lamps (excluding fluorescent lamps) – Safety specifications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-845 and the
following apply.
___________
)
There exists a consolidated edition 3.1 that comprises edition 3 and its Amendment 1.

– 8 – 60662  IEC:2011
3.1
high-pressure sodium vapour lamp
high-intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced mainly by radiation from sodium
vapour operating at a partial pressure of the order of 10 kilopascals
NOTE The term covers lamps with clear or diffusing bulb.
[IEC 60050-845 :1987, 845-07-23]
3.2
nominal value
approximate quantity value used to designate or identify a lamp

[IEC 60081:1997, definition 1.4.3]
3.3
rated value
quantity value for a characteristic of a lamp for specified operating conditions
The value and the conditions are specified in this standard, or assigned by the manufacturer
or responsible vendor.
[IEC 60081:1997, definition 1.4.4]
3.4
reference ballast
special inductive type ballast, designed for the purpose of providing comparison standards for
use in testing ballasts, for the selection of reference lamps and for testing regular production
lamps under standardised conditions
It is essentially characterised by the fact that at its rated frequency, it has a stable
voltage/current ratio which is relatively uninfluenced by variations in current, temperature and
magnetic surroundings, as outlined in the relevant ballast standard.
3.5
calibration current
value of the current on which the calibration and control of the reference ballast are based
3.6
type test
test or series of tests made on a type test sample for the purpose of checking compliance of
the design of a given product with the requirements of the relevant standard
[IEC 60081:1997, definition 1.4.10]
3.7
type test sample
sample consisting of one or more similar units submitted by the manufacturer or responsible
vendor for the purpose of a type test

[IEC 60081:1997, definition 1.4.11]
4 General lamp requirements
4.1 Conditions on safety
A lamp, on which compliance with this standard is claimed, shall comply with the requirements
of IEC 62035.
4.2 Expectations on performance
A lamp shall be so designed that its performance is reliable in normal and accepted use. In
general, this can be achieved by satisfying the requirements of the following clauses.
The requirements and information given apply to 95 % of production.

60662  IEC:2011 – 9 –
4.3 Classification
For the purpose of this standard, the following designations are used as a classification
according to the rated voltage at lamp terminals:

Lamp voltage range
Lamp voltage designation Abbreviation V

Low lamp voltage LV < 70
High lamp voltage HV 70 to 180
Extra high lamp voltage EHV > 180

5 Marking
In addition to lamp marking requirements prescribed in IEC 62035, the following symbols,
indicating the starting method shall be marked on the lamp:
– for lamps without an internal starting device and requiring an external ignitor
E
– for lamps having an internal starting device

I
NOTE In the U.S.A., lamps are marked with an electrical code that is used to identify the proper ballast. See local

standards. The symbols are not required or used in U.S.A.
6 Dimensions
The dimensions of a lamp shall comply with the values specified on the relevant lamp data
sheet.
7 Caps
The cap on a finished lamp shall comply with IEC 60061-1.
8 Test requirements for lamp starting, warm-up, electrical and photometric
characteristics
8.1 General
For the tests for lamp starting, lamp warm-up and lamp electrical characteristics the lamps
shall be operated in a horizontal position in free air and at an ambient temperature of 25 °C ±
5 °C, on a 50 Hz or 60 Hz sinusoidal power supply using the specified reference ballast at
voltage specified on the lamp data sheet. Lamps shall not be operated during 5 h immediately
prior to making the starting test.
8.2 Lamp starting test
8.2.1 Lamps with external ignitor
In view of various types of ignitors in the market using essentially different methods for
ignition, a well-defined reference device allows to determine whether a lamp is ignitable in
the sense of the standard or not. Since the device also is the basis for comparable
measurements, essential component changes are not permitted unless the responsible IEC
maintenance team has agreed the changes.
All variable starting parameters are given on the lamp data sheet and refer to either
adjustments of the device or to an implicit property thereof (e.g. waveshape), see Figure A.1
for pulse features. If the lamp data sheet requires a second pulse, during the negative half
___________
The device can be obtained for example from Spitzenberger + Spies, D-94234 Viechtach, Germany. Brand name is LSTI5.
This information is given for the convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by the IEC
of the product named.
– 10 – 60662  IEC:2011
cycle, the shape of this second pulse is according to Figure A.2. The fixed settings of the
reference device are given in Annex F.
The pulse characteristics specified on the relevant lamp data sheet are measured at the
device output terminals in open circuit condition.
NOTE In U.S.A., the reference device is not used. A description of the pulse is given in Figure A.3. The starting
pulse is measured with a simulated lamp-load of 20 pF across the lampholder terminals.
The circuit connections for lamp starting shall be such that the pulse is applied to the lamp
through the eyelet terminal of the cap and with the shell substantially at earth potential.
8.2.2 Lamps with internal starting device
The test voltage shall be as indicated in the relevant lamp data sheet. The starting time
measured from applying the test voltage shall not exceed the maximum value shown on the
lamp data sheets.
8.3 Lamp warm-up test
Prior to the warm-up test, the lamps shall have been aged for a minimum of 10 h using a
suitable production ballast and cooled for a minimum of 1 h prior to the test.
The voltage at lamp terminals shall reach a minimum value within the time specified on the
relevant lamp data sheet.
8.4 Ageing
Before the initial readings are taken the lamp shall be subjected to ageing for 100 h. This
operation may be carried out on a production ballast.
8.5 Lamp electrical characteristics
The lamp electrical characteristics shall comply with the values given in the relevant lamp
data sheet, using the measuring method given in Annex G. During measurement of the
electrical characteristics, the external ignitor shall be disconnected from the lamp circuit.
8.6 Extinguishing voltage test
This test shall only be carried out on lamps where an extinguishing voltage is shown on the
lamp data sheet.
The lamp shall be operated on a reference ballast at rated supply voltage and at the
extinguishing voltage shown on the lamp data sheet, achieved, if necessary, by artificial
means. This lamp shall not extinguish when the supply voltage falls from 100 % to 90 % of the
rated value in less than 0,5 s and remains at that value for at least 5 s.
8.7 Photometric characteristics
Requirements are under consideration. For methods of measuring, see Annex G.
8.7 Colour characteristics
Requirements are under consideration. For methods of measuring, see Annex G.
8.9 Lumen maintenance and life
Requirements are under consideration. For methods of measuring, see Annex H.
9 Information for ballast and ignitor design
9.1 General
Ballasts and ignitors should meet the following requirements to ensure reliable starting and
operating conditions. These checks do not constitute lamp requirements.
Except where noted otherwise, these requirements should be met over the range of 92 % to
106 % of the rated voltage of the ballast.

60662  IEC:2011 – 11 –
9.2 Information for ignitor design (external type)
An ignitor should start lamps which comply with the specified lamp starting test.
The ignition reference device settings on the data sheets are only for lamp start testing and
are not intended to predetermine any practical ignitor properties.
In designing an ignitor, account should be taken of pulse attenuation due to cable capacitive
loading.
9.3 Information for ballast design
9.3.1 General
The ballast specification should require the ignitor to be provided with information concerning
the maximum value of capacitance consistent with achieving the specified requirements for
lamp starting.
9.3.2 Current crest factor
The current crest factor should comply with the requirements of 9.1 of IEC 60923.
9.3.3 Lamp operating limits for the information of ballast designers (see Annex C)
Each of the lamp operating sheets shows a diagram of the lamp voltage and lamp wattage
limits within which the lamp should be operated. The minimum voltage limit (left-hand side of
the diagram) is the characteristic curve of a lamp whose voltage at rated wattage is the
minimum considered acceptable.
The maximum voltage limit (right-hand side of the diagram) is the characteristic curve having
a voltage high enough to allow for a lamp with:
a) maximum zero-hour voltage;
b) voltage rise during life;
c) maximum voltage rise due to enclosure in a luminaire.
The wattage limit lines (top and bottom of the diagram) are chosen with regard to the effect of
lamp wattage on performance factors such as initial light output, lumen maintenance, lamp
life, lamp warm-up etc.
The supply voltage limits for lamp operation on reactor (choke) ballasts should be as shown
below. The upper supply voltage limit should not be exceeded continuously in lamp use,
otherwise special precautions are necessary. Short-term excursions above this limit can be
tolerated.
The voltage limits are:
a) for rated supply voltages between 100 V and 150 V:
– between 95 % and 105 % of rated voltage of the ballast;
b) for rated supply voltages between 220 V and 240 V:
– the lower supply voltages limit is 95 % of rated voltage of the ballast;
– the upper supply voltage limits are:
● for lamp ratings below 150 W: rated voltage of the ballast + 7 V
● for lamp ratings 150 W and above: rated voltage of the ballast + 10 V.
The lamp wattage obtained with a reference lamp when measured on a ballast at rated
voltage, should comply with the requirements of Clause 15 of IEC 60923.
Lamp operating limits and a typical ballast characteristic are given as part of each lamp data
sheet.
– 12 – 60662  IEC:2011
9.4 North American starting pulse characteristics
The ignitor may be an integral part of the ballast or a separate device. In either case it should
meet the following general requirements along with those given on the lamp data sheet.
The starting pulse application should be to the eyelet or centre lampholder terminal with the
wiring between ballast and lampholder (or its equivalent capacitance) connected.
The starting pulse measurement should be at the lampholder terminals with a simulated lamp-
load of 20 pF across the terminals. The pulse height should be measured from zero voltage
level of the supply voltage. The minimum pulse repetition rate should be once per cycle for
lag circuit ballasts and once per half cycle for lead circuit ballasts.
The pulse position for lag circuit ballasts should be (1) during the time that the open-circuit
voltage exceeds 90 % of its peak and (2) no later than 20 electrical degrees beyond the
centre of the half cycle (that is, 110 degrees or 290 degrees, or both).
The pulse position for lead circuit ballasts should be (1) during the time that the open-circuit
voltage exceeds 90 % of its peak and (2) no later than 15 electrical degrees beyond the
centre of the half cycle (that is, 105 degrees and 285 degrees).
Low current off time is given on the relevant lamp data sheet.
NOTE The low current off time is defined by the time that the instantaneous current at the end of each half cycle
is below 1,0 A. This specification is needed for CWA (= constant wattage autotransformer) ballasts.
10 Information for luminaire design
NOTE This information refers to the luminaire design checks necessary to ensure that conditions in the luminaire
do not cause premature failure of lamps complying with this standard. These checks do not constitute lamp
requirements.
10.1 Voltage increase at lamp terminals
The lamp voltage increase as determined in accordance with the relevant procedure given in
Annex D should not exceed the value specified on the relevant lamp data sheet.
Tests should be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of Annex D.
10.2 Lamp envelope temperatures
The lamp envelope temperature, when measured at any point, should not exceed the
following.
– European practice
150 W or lower 310 °C
above 150 W (except 600 W) 400 °C
600 W 480 °C (under consideration)
– North American practice
bulb type RL38 385 °C
else 400 °C
– Japanese practice
70 W and lower 385 °C
above 70 W 400 °C
During the measurement, the lamp should be operated at its rated wattage.
NOTE 1 These values do not apply to lamps with quartz outer bulbs.

60662  IEC:2011 – 13 –
NOTE 2 The limitations in 10.2 should be regarded with caution. These are limitations imposed by the lamp
materials, but it should be understood that, in general, if the luminaire causes a lamp to reach these temperatures,
it is probable that the voltage rise limitation in 10.1 will be exceeded.
11 Maximum lamp outlines
Maximum lamp outline requirements are provided for the guidance of designers of luminaires
and are based on a maximum-sized lamp inclusive of bulb to cap eccentricity, see Annex I.
Observance of these requirements in luminaire design will ensure mechanical acceptance of
lamps complying with this standard.
Mechanical acceptance of the lamp cap and adjoining part of the lamp neck in the holder is
ensured by compliance of the lamp with the gauges for testing contact-making as given in
IEC 60061-3.
12 Numbering system for lamp data sheets
The first number represents the number of this publication (IEC 60662) followed by the letters
“IEC”.
The second number represents the lamp data sheet number.
The third number represents the edition of the page of the data sheet. In cases where a data
sheet has more than one page, it is possible for the pages to have different edition numbers,
with the data sheet number remaining the same.

– 14 – 60662  IEC:2011
Annex A
(normative)
Waveshape of voltage pulses for lamp starting test (schematic drawings)

A.1 Waveshapes obtained with the reference device
The waveshapes which are obtained with the reference device as mentioned in 8.2, footnote,
are presented as examples in Figure A.1 and Figure A.2.

T T
2 2
A A
T
T
B B
C
C
D
Key
A potential difference between maximum pulse height
C x the test voltage (r.m.s.) as specified on the lamp
and zero voltage level (D) of the open-circuit voltage
data sheet
B 90 % of A D zero voltage level
T rise time of the pulse T duration time of the pulse as specified on the lamp
1 2
data sheet
Figure A.1 – Waveshape: positive pulse during Figure A.2 – Waveshape: positive pulse
positive half cycle during negative half cycle
A.2 Practice in North America
The starting pulse shall have the following characteristics, as measured with a simulated
lamp-load of 20 pF across the lampholder terminals. The pulse shape shall be a square wave
as defined in Figure A.3. The rise time T is the time interval between the instantaneous
amplitudes of 10 % and 90 %, from the separation from the open circuit voltage, of the peak
pulse amplitude. The pulse width T is the time interval across the pulse at C (50 % of A). The
pulse height A shall be measured from the zero voltage level of the supply voltage. The
repetition rate of the pulse shall be once per cycle. The pulse position on the sinusoidal
voltage waveform shall be within ± 10 electrical degrees of B (the peak of the open-circuit
voltage waveform). The pulse direction shall be in phase with the negative half cycle of the
supply voltage. The pulse application shall be to the centre eyelet terminal of the lamp base
with the shell grounded.
60662  IEC:2011 – 15 –
10 10
B
10 %
C
A
T
90 %
T
Key
A pulse height as specified on the lamp data sheet T rise time as specified on the lamp data sheet
T duration time of the pulse as specified on the lamp data
B x test voltage (r.m.s.) as specified on the lamp data
sheet
sheet
C 50 % of A
Figure A.3 – Shape and parameters of the pulse used in North America

– 16 – 60662  IEC:2011
Annex B
(informative)
Diagrammatic data sheets for location of lamp dimensions

Figure B.1 – Tubular bulb lamp*

Figure B.2 – Elliptical bulb lamp*

Key
A arc length
C light centre length
D bulb diameter
L overall length
*For the caps, see IEC 60061-1, 7004-nn
cap nn
E26/24 21A
E27 21
E39 24A
E40 24
Publication CEI 60662
Texte français au verso
60662-IEC-0001
IEC Publication 60662
French text overleaf
60662  IEC:2011 – 17 –
Annex C
(normative)
Guidance for determining quadrilateral diagrams

C.1 General
In a lighting system employing high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, there are several variables
that affect performance. In addition to normal production variations in both lamp voltage and
ballast impedance, other factors to be accounted for are: line voltage variations, changes in
lamp characteristics with time and a luminaire effect due to the reflection of radiant energy
back to the arc tube. This dynamic system is more easily understood when presented in the
form of a lamp parameter boundary picture, which includes all variables. This boundary
picture, which is called a quadrilateral diagram, is a plot of lamp operating wattage vs. lamp
operating voltage.
This annex defines certain technical terms, describes the basis for determining the various
sides of a quadrilateral and gives an interpretation of the final diagram. It should be noted that
some quadrilateral diagrams developed earlier might not be compatible with these guidelines.
C.2 Lamp characteristic curve
An HPS lamp exhibits substantial arc voltage changes with a wattage change during life. This
can be contrasted to the mercury vapour lamp where lamp voltage remains relatively constant
when lamp wattage changes. This relationship between lamp voltage (arc voltage) and
wattage is due to the fact that the HPS arc tube contains an excess of sodium amalgam.
During lamp operation the sodium and mercury are in the liquid amalgam phase and are
located at a “cold spot” near one end of the arc tube. Only a small fraction of the sodium and
mercury is actually in the vapour phase. The vapour pressure, and therefore the lamp voltage,
depends on the cold spot temperature, which is a function of lamp wattage. The relationship
between wattage and voltage is approximately linear in the region of interest around the
nominal wattage. This nearly straight-line curve (shown in Figure C.1 which represents this
relationship) is defined as the “lamp characteristic curve”.
NOTE Some North American lamps have unsaturated doses of mercury and for these lamps voltage is
substantially independent of wattage and therefore does not increase over lamp life.
The lamp characteristic curve for a particular lamp may be obtained by varying the wattage,
either by changing the line voltage or the ballast impedance over a range.
The point at which a lamp characteristic curve crosses the line of rated wattage defines the
“characteristic voltage” of that lamp. A “design centre” lamp is a lamp whose characteristic
voltage is equal to the specified rated voltage at lamp terminals.
A sample of lamps of the same wattage will have nearly parallel lamp characteristic curves as
shown in Figure C.2. The slopes of these curves will be less steep for lamps of progressively
higher characteristic voltages. As a lamp ages, its characteristic voltage rises.

– 18 – 60662  IEC:2011
Key
A lamp wattage (W); B lamp voltage (V); C characteristic voltage; D rated wattage; E lamp characteristic curve
Figure C.1 – Relationship of wattage and Figure C.2 – Lamp characteristic curves
voltage of an HPS lamp for several HPS lamps
C.3 Ballast characteristic curve
When an HPS lamp operates on a ballast connected to a constant input voltage, changes in
the lamp’s operating voltage and wattage follow the “ballast characteristic curve”. Figure C.3
shows two typical ballast characteristic curves. These curves are obtained by measuring the
wattage and voltage of a number of lamps with different characteristic voltages or by
measuring a single lamp whose voltage is made to vary by externally causing the cold spot
temperature of the arc tube to rise.
A family of ballast characteristic curves is generated when the supply voltage is varied.
Figure C.4 shows this effect at rated supply voltage and at increased and reduced voltages.

D
C
B
Key
Key
A lamp wattage (W)
A lamp wattage (W)
B lamp voltage (V)
B lamp voltage (V)
C reduced supply voltage
C reactor ballast
D rated supply voltage
D regulator ballast
E increased supply voltage
Figure C.3 – Typical ballast characteristic curves Figure C.4 – Typical lag or reactor
ballast characteristic curves at different
supply voltages
C.4 Maximum wattage limit
The top line of the quadrilateral diagram represents the maximum wattage limit of the HPS
lamp. The maximum wattage line is determined by the maximum permissible operating
A
60662  IEC:2011 – 19 –
temperature of the arc tube. This maximum permissible wattage is defined as a value, which
will result in reduced life if a lamp is operated at this value for more than approximately 25 %
of the time. The maximum wattage line is usually placed approximately 20 % to 30 % above
the rated wattage.
An additional guideline for the location of the maximum wattage line is that it should lie above
the ballast characteristic curve produced by a reference ballast operating at an increased
voltage (for example 105 % used in North America). The allowance above the peak of this
reference ballast curve takes into account manufacturing and design tolerances for
commercial ballasts.
The actual placement of this limit line in a quadrilateral diagram is then determined after
detailed consideration of practical product requirements. Placement relative to the rated
wattage varies by lamp type because the optimum wall loading of some arc tubes may be
altered to accommodate other lamp design requirements.
C.5 Minimum wattage limit
The lower wattage limit line is set to ensure proper lamp operation in terms of:
a) satisfactory lamp warm-up characteristics;
b) acceptable lamp operating stability;
c) acceptable system lumen output;
d) acceptable colour rendition and uniformity.
This limit line is placed approximately 20 % to 30 % below the rated wattage and shall be
below the ballast characteristic curve of a reference ballast operating at a reduced voltage
(for example 95 % used in North America. The allowance below this reference ballast curve
takes into account manufacturing and design tolerances for commercial ballasts. The
placement of this limit line in a quadrilateral diagram in this standard is then determined after
detailed consideration of practical product requirements. Figure C.5 shows the maximum and
minimum wattage lines and their relationship to the noted reference ballast characteristic
curves.
Key
A lamp wattage (W)
B lamp voltage (V)
C minimum wattage
D reference ballast characteristic curve (at reduced supply voltage)
E ballast characteristic curve (at increased supply voltage)
F maximum wattage
– 20 – 60662  IEC:2011
Figure C.5 – Minimum and maximum wattage lines
C.6 Minimum voltage line
The minimum voltage line, the left-hand boundary of the quadrilateral, is that lamp
characteristic curve of the lamp with the minimum acceptable voltage at lamp terminals
...