ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)

European Standard
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA);
Technical requirements for Direct Mode Operation (DMO);
Part 2: Radio aspects
2 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)

Reference
REN/TETRA-08192
Keywords
TETRA, DMO, radio, repeater, gateway, air
interface
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
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The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
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In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
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Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
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Copyright Notification
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The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2011.
All rights reserved.
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ETSI
3 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 7
Foreword . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 9
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 11
3.3 Abbreviations . 11
4 Radio aspects . 12
4.1 Introduction . 12
4.2 Set of logical channels . 12
4.3 Reference configuration . 12
4.4 Error control schemes . 13
4.5 Timeslot structure . 13
4.5.1 Framing structure . 13
4.5.2 Timeslots and bursts . 14
4.5.3 Mapping of logical channels onto physical channels . 14
4.6 Coding, interleaving and scrambling . 14
4.7 Modulation . 14
4.8 Transmission and reception . 14
4.9 Other radio-related functions . 14
4.10 Performance . 14
5 Modulation . 15
5.1 Introduction . 15
5.2 Modulation type . 15
5.3 Modulation rate . 15
5.4 Modulation symbol definition . 15
5.5 Modulated signal definition . 16
5.6 Modulation filter definition . 16
5.7 Modulation block diagram . 17
6 Radio transmission and reception . 17
6.1 Introduction . 17
6.2 Frequency bands and channel arrangement . 17
6.3 Reference test planes . 17
6.4 Transmitter characteristics. 18
6.4.1 Output power . 18
6.4.2 Power classes . 18
6.4.3 Unwanted conducted emissions . 18
6.4.3.1 Definitions . 18
6.4.3.2 Unwanted emissions close to the carrier . 19
6.4.3.2.1 Emissions during the useful part of the burst . 19
6.4.3.2.2 Emissions during the switching transients . 19
6.4.3.3 Unwanted emissions far from the carrier . 20
6.4.3.3.1 Discrete spurious . 20
6.4.3.3.2 Wideband noise . 20
6.4.3.4 Unwanted emissions during the Linearization Channel (LCH) . 21
6.4.3.5 Unwanted emissions in the non-transmit state . 21
6.4.4 Unwanted radiated emissions . 21
6.4.5 Radio frequency tolerance . 21
6.4.6 RF output power time mask . 21
6.4.7 Transmitter intermodulation attenuation . 23
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
6.4.7.1 Definition . 23
6.4.7.2 Specification. 23
6.4.7.3 Intra-gateway transmitter intermodulation attenuation . 23
6.5 Receiver characteristics . 23
6.5.1 Blocking characteristics . 23
6.5.1.1 Definition . 23
6.5.1.2 Specification. 23
6.5.2 Spurious response rejection . 24
6.5.2.1 Definition . 24
6.5.2.2 Specification. 24
6.5.3 Intermodulation response rejection . 24
6.5.3.1 Definition . 24
6.5.3.2 Specification. 24
6.5.4 Unwanted conducted emissions . 25
6.5.4.1 Definition . 25
6.5.4.2 Specification. 25
6.5.5 Unwanted radiated emissions . 25
6.6 Transmitter/receiver performance . 25
6.6.1 Modulation accuracy. 25
6.6.1.1 Ideal case . 25
6.6.1.2 Vector error magnitude requirement at symbol time . 26
6.6.2 Receiver performance . 26
6.6.2.1 Nominal error rates . 26
6.6.2.2 Dynamic reference sensitivity . 27
6.6.2.3 Receiver performance at reference interference ratios . 27
6.6.2.4 Static reference sensitivity . 28
6.6.2.5 Receiver performance for acquisition of synchronization burst . 28
6.6.3 Propagation conditions . 29
6.6.3.1 Tap-gain process types . 29
6.6.3.2 DM propagation models . 29
7 Radio sub-system synchronization . 30
7.1 Introduction . 30
7.2 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM device . 30
7.2.1 Synchronisation of DM-MS to DM-MS communication . 30
7.2.2 Synchronisation of DM-MS communication through a type 1 DM-REP . 31
7.2.3 Synchronisation of DM-MS communication using a DM-GATE . 32
7.2.4 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM-REPs . 32
7.2.5 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM-GATEs . 33
7.3 Timebase counters . 33
7.3.1 Definition of counters . 33
7.3.2 Relationship between the counters . 33
7.4 Requirements for the frequency reference source of DM devices . 34
7.5 Requirements for the synchronization of a slave or idle DM-MS . 34
7.6 Synchronization requirements for a master DM-MS operating on channel B in frequency efficient mode . 34
7.7 Requirements for the synchronization of a type 1 DM-REP . 35
7.8 Requirements for the synchronization of a DM-GATE. 35
8 Channel coding and scrambling . 35
8.1 Introduction . 35
8.2 General . 36
8.2.1 Interfaces in the error control structure . 36
8.2.2 Notation . 37
8.2.3 Definition of error control codes . 37
8.2.3.1 16-state Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC) codes . 37
8.2.3.1.1 Encoding by the 16-state mother code of rate 1/4 . 38
8.2.3.1.2 Puncturing of the mother code . 38
8.2.3.1.3 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 2/3. 38
8.2.3.1.4 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 292/432 . 38
8.2.3.1.5 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 148/432 . 39
8.2.3.2 (K + 16, K ) block code . 39
1 1
8.2.4 Definition of interleaving schemes . 39
ETSI
5 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
8.2.4.1 Block interleaving . 39
8.2.4.2 Interleaving over N blocks . 39
8.2.5 Definition of scrambling . 40
8.2.5.1 Scrambling method . 40
8.2.5.2 Scrambling sequence . 40
8.3 Error control schemes . 40
8.3.1 Signalling channels . 41
8.3.1.1 Synchronization Signalling Channel (SCH/S) . 41
8.3.1.2 Half-slot Signalling Channel (SCH/H) and Stealing Channel (STCH) . 42
8.3.1.3 Full-slot Signalling Channel (SCH/F) . 42
8.3.2 Traffic channels in circuit switched mode . 43
8.3.2.1 Traffic channel, net rate = 7,2 kbit/s (TCH/7,2) . 43
8.3.2.2 Traffic channel, net rate = 4,8 kbit/s (TCH/4,8) . 44
8.3.2.3 Traffic channel, net rate = 2,4 kbit/s (TCH/2,4) . 45
8.3.2.4 Speech Traffic Channel, full slot (TCH/S) . 45
8.3.2.5 Speech Traffic Channel, half slot (TCH/S) . 46
9 Channel multiplexing for DM . 46
9.1 Introduction . 46
9.2 Logical channels . 46
9.2.1 Logical channels hierarchy . 46
9.2.2 Traffic channels . 46
9.2.3 Control channels . 47
9.2.3.1 General . 47
9.2.3.2 Linearization Channel (LCH). 47
9.2.3.3 Signalling Channel (SCH) . 47
9.2.3.4 Stealing Channel (STCH) . 47
9.3 The physical resource . 47
9.3.1 General . 47
9.3.2 Timeslots . 48
9.3.3 DM frame. 48
9.3.4 Multiframe . 48
9.4 Physical channels . 48
9.4.1 General . 48
9.4.2 Bursts . 49
9.4.2.1 General . 49
9.4.2.2 Modulation symbol numbering . 49
9.4.2.3 Modulation bit numbering . 49
9.4.2.4 Burst timing. 49
9.4.3 Type of bursts . 49
9.4.3.1 General . 49
9.4.3.2 Modulation bits allocation . 50
9.4.3.2.1 DM Normal Burst (DNB) . 50
9.4.3.2.2 DM Linearization Burst (DLB) . 51
9.4.3.2.3 DM Synchronization Burst (DSB) . 51
9.4.3.3 Burst fields . 51
9.4.3.3.1 Frequency correction field . 51
9.4.3.3.2 Inter-slot frequency correction field . 51
9.4.3.3.3 Normal training sequence and preamble . 52
9.4.3.3.4 Synchronization training sequence . 52
9.4.3.3.5 Phase adjustment bits . 52
9.4.3.3.6 Tail bits . 53
9.4.4 DM device multiple slot transmission . 53
9.4.5 General mapping of logical channels . 53
10 Radio subsystem link control . 54
10.1 Introduction . 54
10.2 RF power control . 54
10.3 Radio link measurements . 54
10.3.1 Signal strength . 54
10.3.2 Signal quality . 54
Annex A (informative): Bibliography . 55
ETSI
6 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Annex B (informative): Change requests . 56
History . 57

ETSI
7 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA).
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Technical requirements for Direct Mode
Operation (DMO), as identified below:
Part 1: "General network design";
Part 2: "Radio aspects";
Part 3: "Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS) Air Interface (AI) protocol";
Part 4: "Type 1 repeater air interface";
Part 5: "Gateway air interface";
Part 6: "Security";
Part 7: "Type 2 repeater air interface"; (Historical)
Part 8: "Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma specification"; (Historical)
Part 10: "Managed Direct Mode Operation (M-DMO)". (Historical)
NOTE: Part 7, part 8 and part 10 of this multi-part deliverable are of status "historical" and will not be updated
according to this version of the standard.

National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 22 December 2011
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 March 2012
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 30 September 2012
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 September 2012

ETSI
8 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
1 Scope
This multi-part deliverable defines the Terrestrial Trunked Radio system (TETRA) Direct Mode Operation (DMO). It
specifies the basic air interface, the interworking between Direct Mode (DM) groups via repeaters, and interworking
with the TETRA Voice plus Data (V+D) system via gateways. It also specifies the security aspects in TETRA DMO,
and the intrinsic services that are supported in addition to the basic bearer and teleservices.
The present document applies to the TETRA DMO Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS), DMO Type 1 repeater
and DMO Gateway air interface and contains the specifications of the physical layer according to the OSI seven layer
reference model.
It establishes the TETRA DM radio aspects (layer 1 and lower MAC):
• it defines and specifies the modulation;
• it defines and specifies the radio transmission and reception;
• it defines and specifies the synchronization;
• it defines and specifies the channel coding;
• it defines and specifies the channel multiplexing;
• it defines and specifies the control over the radio link.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI EN 300 113-1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Land
mobile service; Radio equipment intended for the transmission of data (and/or speech) using
constant or non-constant envelope modulation and having an antenna connector; Part 1: Technical
characteristics and methods of measurement".
[2] ETSI EN 300 392-2: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 2: Air
Interface (AI)".
[3] ETSI EN 300 396-3: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 3: Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS) Air Interface (AI)
protocol".
[4] Void.
[5] ETSI EN 300 396-5: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 5: Gateway air interface".
[6] ETSI EN 300 395-2: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Speech codec for full-rate traffic
channel; Part 2: TETRA codec".
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
[7] ETSI TS 100 392-15: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 15:
TETRA frequency bands, duplex spacings and channel numbering".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI Directives: "ETSI Statutes; ETSI Rules of Procedure; ETSI Board Working Procedures;
Powers and Functions of the Board; Terms of Reference of the Operational Co-ordination Group
(OCG); ETSI Technical Working Procedures; ETSI Drafting rules".
[i.2] ETSI EN 300 392-1: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 1:
General network design".
[i.3] Void.
[i.4] ETSI EN 300 396-7: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 7: Type 2 repeater air interface". (Historical).
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in the ETSI Directives [i.1] and the following
apply:
Bit Error Ratio (BER): ratio of the bits wrongly received to all bits received in a given logical channel
call transaction: all of the functions associated with a complete unidirectional transmission of information
NOTE: A call is made up of one or more call transactions.
changeover: within a call, process of effecting a transfer of the master role (and hence transmitting MS) at the end of
one call transaction so that another can commence
Direct Mode GATEway (DM-GATE): device that provides gateway connectivity between DM-MS(s) and the
TETRA TMO network
NOTE 1: The gateway provides the interface between TETRA DMO and TETRA TMO. A gateway may provide
only the gateway function (DM-GATE) or may provide the functions of both a DM repeater and a DM
gateway during a call (DM-REP/GATE).
NOTE 2: A gateway may have one of three roles on DMO side:
� master: if the gateway is either active in a call transaction transmitting traffic or control data, or is
reserving the channel by means of channel reservation signalling or during the solicited registration
procedure;
� slave: if the gateway is receiving traffic and signalling in a call from DM-MS;
� idle: if the gateway is not in a call.
Direct Mode Mobile Station (DM-MS): physical grouping that contains all of the mobile equipment that is used to
obtain TETRA DM services
NOTE: For synchronization purposes, Direct Mode Mobile Stations may have one of three roles:
� master: if the DM-MS is either active in a call transaction transmitting traffic or control data, or is
reserving the channel by means of channel reservation signalling and hence is providing
synchronization information to the channel;
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
� slave: if the DM-MS is receiving traffic and/or signalling in a call transaction and hence is
deriving synchronization information from the channel;
� idle: if the DM-MS is not in a call transaction but may be deriving synchronization information
from the channel in order to follow the state of the DM channel.
Direct Mode Operation (DMO): mode of simplex operation where mobile subscriber radio units may communicate
using radio frequencies which may be monitored by, but which are outside the control of, the TETRA TMO network
NOTE: Direct Mode Operation is performed without intervention of any base station.
Direct Mode REPeater (DM-REP): device that operates in TETRA DMO and provides a repeater function to enable
two or more DM-MSs to extend their coverage range
NOTE 1: It may be either a type 1 DM-REP, capable of supporting only a single call on the air interface, or a type 2
DM-REP [i.4], capable of supporting two calls on the air interface. A type 1 DM-REP may operate on
either a single RF carrier (type 1A DM-REP) or a pair of duplex-spaced RF carriers (type 1B DM-REP).
A type 2 DM-REP operates on a pair of duplex-spaced RF carriers.
NOTE 2: A repeater may have one of two roles:
� active: if the repeater is active in a call transaction receiving and transmitting traffic and/or
signalling messages;
� idle: if the repeater is not in a call.
Direct Mode REPeater/GATEway (DM-REP/GATE): device that combines the functions of a DM repeater and a
DM gateway in a single implementation and is capable of providing both functions simultaneously
NOTE: The repeater part of the combined implementation may be either a type 1A repeater, operating on a single
DM RF carrier, or a type 1B repeater, operating on a pair of duplex-spaced DM RF carriers.
DM channel: specific grouping of timeslots in the DM multiplex structure related to a particular DM RF carrier
(i.e. DM frequency)
NOTE: The grouping may not always be fixed, but in DMO when operating in frequency efficient mode as an
example, there are two DM channels, identified by the letters A and B.
DM device: DM-MS, DM-REP, DM-GATE or DM-REP/GATE
Dual mode switchable Mobile Station (DU-MS): MS that is capable to operate in TETRA DMO or in TETRA TMO
one mode at a time
NOTE: Only one mode can be selected at any given time and the MS is not capable of monitoring a DM RF
carrier while in TMO or a TMO channel while in DMO.
Dual Watch Mobile Station (DW-MS): MS that is either full dual watch MS (F-DW-MS) or idle dual watch MS
(I-DW-MS)
NOTE: When idle, the MS periodically monitors both the DM RF carrier and the TMO control channel. If the MS
is performing full dual watch, it is also capable of periodically monitoring the TMO control channel while
in a DM call and a DM RF carrier while in a TMO call. Alternatively the MS may perform idle dual
watch, in which case it need not be capable of monitoring the TMO control channel while involved in a
DM activity (e.g. call) or a DM RF carrier while involved in a TMO activity (e.g. call).
frequency efficient mode: mode of operation where two independent DM communications are supported on a single
RF carrier
NOTE: In frequency efficient mode the two DM channels are identified as channel A and channel B.
logical channel: any distinct data path
NOTE: Logical channels are considered to operate between logical endpoints.
Message Erasure Rate (MER): ratio of the messages detected as wrong by the receiver to all messages received in a
given logical channel
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
normal mode: mode of operation where only one DM communication is supported on an RF carrier
occupation: time where a call transaction is in progress on a channel
pre-emption: transfer of the master role to the requested DM-MS
NOTE: This process may occur within a call during occupation or to set-up a new call during either occupation or
reservation.
Probability of Undetected Erroneous Message (PUEM): limit ratio of the erroneous messages detected as right by
the receiver to all messages received in a given logical channel
quarter symbol number: timing of quarter symbol duration 125/9 µs within a burst
radio frequency carrier (RF carrier): radio frequency channel
NOTE: This is a specified portion of the RF spectrum. In DMO, the RF carrier separation is 25 kHz.
reservation: time where a "channel reservation" signal is present on the channel
simplex: mode of working in which information can be transferred in both directions but not at the same time
timebase: device which determines the timing state of signals transmitted by a Direct Mode Mobile Station
timeslot number: counter indicating the timing of timeslots within a DMO frame
Trunked Mode Operation (TMO): mode of operation where MSs communicate via the TETRA V+D air interface
which is controlled by the TETRA Switching and Management Infrastructure (SwMI)
NOTE: This is also called V+D operation. The abbreviation "TMO" is used in the present document to pair with
the abbreviation "DMO" instead of the abbreviation "V+D". "TMO" abbreviation is not used in
EN 300 392-1 [i.2] and EN 300 392-2 [2].
useful part of a burst: part of the burst between and including the symbol time of SN0 and the symbol time of Snmax,
with SN0 and Snmax as defined in clause 9 of the present document
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
Ud Direct Mode air interface
Um Trunked Mode air interface
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AI Air Interface
BER Bit Error Ratio
BN Bit Number
DLB Direct mode Linearization Burst
DLL Data Link Layer
DM-GATE Direct Mode GATEway
DM-MS Direct Mode Mobile Station
DMO Direct Mode Operation
DM-REP Direct Mode-REPeater
DM-REP/GATE Direct Mode-REPeater/GATEway
DNB Direct mode Normal Burst
DQPSK Differential Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
DR50 DM propagation model Rural area for 50 km/h
DSB Direct mode Synchronization Burst
DU50 DM propagation model Urban area for 50 km/h
DU-MS Dual mode (TMO - DMO) switchable Mobile Station
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
DW-MS Dual Watch Mobile Station
FN Frame Number
LCH Linearization Channel
MAC Medium Access Control
MER Message Erasure Rate
mod modulo (base for counting)
MS Mobile Station
MS-MS Mobile Station to Mobile Station
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
PA Power Amplifier
PACQ Probability of synchronization burst ACQuisition
PDF Probability Density Function
PDS Power Density Spectrum
PUEM Probability of Undetected Erroneous Message
QN Quarter symbol Number
RCPC Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional
RF Radio Frequency
RMS Root Mean Square
SCH Signalling Channel
SN Symbol Number
SSVE Sum Square Vector Error
STCH Stealing Channel
SwMI Switching and Management Infrastructure
TCH Traffic Channel
TMO Trunked Mode Operation
TN Timeslot Number
V+D Voice plus Data
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2012
3UL]HPQLVQRSRYQLUDGLR7(75$7HKQLþQH]DKWHYH]DQHSRVUHGQLQDþLQ
GHORYDQMD'02GHO5DGLMVNLYLGLNL
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) - Technical requirements for Direct Mode Operation
(DMO) - Part 2: Radio aspects
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 300 396-2 Version 1.4.1
ICS:
33.070.10 Prizemni snopovni radio Terrestrial Trunked Radio
(TETRA) (TETRA)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

European Standard
Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA);
Technical requirements for Direct Mode Operation (DMO);
Part 2: Radio aspects
2 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)

Reference
REN/TETRA-08192
Keywords
TETRA, DMO, radio, repeater, gateway, air
interface
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org
The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or
perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF).
In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2011.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 7
Foreword . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 References . 8
2.1 Normative references . 8
2.2 Informative references . 9
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 11
3.3 Abbreviations . 11
4 Radio aspects . 12
4.1 Introduction . 12
4.2 Set of logical channels . 12
4.3 Reference configuration . 12
4.4 Error control schemes . 13
4.5 Timeslot structure . 13
4.5.1 Framing structure . 13
4.5.2 Timeslots and bursts . 14
4.5.3 Mapping of logical channels onto physical channels . 14
4.6 Coding, interleaving and scrambling . 14
4.7 Modulation . 14
4.8 Transmission and reception . 14
4.9 Other radio-related functions . 14
4.10 Performance . 14
5 Modulation . 15
5.1 Introduction . 15
5.2 Modulation type . 15
5.3 Modulation rate . 15
5.4 Modulation symbol definition . 15
5.5 Modulated signal definition . 16
5.6 Modulation filter definition . 16
5.7 Modulation block diagram . 17
6 Radio transmission and reception . 17
6.1 Introduction . 17
6.2 Frequency bands and channel arrangement . 17
6.3 Reference test planes . 17
6.4 Transmitter characteristics. 18
6.4.1 Output power . 18
6.4.2 Power classes . 18
6.4.3 Unwanted conducted emissions . 18
6.4.3.1 Definitions . 18
6.4.3.2 Unwanted emissions close to the carrier . 19
6.4.3.2.1 Emissions during the useful part of the burst . 19
6.4.3.2.2 Emissions during the switching transients . 19
6.4.3.3 Unwanted emissions far from the carrier . 20
6.4.3.3.1 Discrete spurious . 20
6.4.3.3.2 Wideband noise . 20
6.4.3.4 Unwanted emissions during the Linearization Channel (LCH) . 21
6.4.3.5 Unwanted emissions in the non-transmit state . 21
6.4.4 Unwanted radiated emissions . 21
6.4.5 Radio frequency tolerance . 21
6.4.6 RF output power time mask . 21
6.4.7 Transmitter intermodulation attenuation . 23
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4 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
6.4.7.1 Definition . 23
6.4.7.2 Specification. 23
6.4.7.3 Intra-gateway transmitter intermodulation attenuation . 23
6.5 Receiver characteristics . 23
6.5.1 Blocking characteristics . 23
6.5.1.1 Definition . 23
6.5.1.2 Specification. 23
6.5.2 Spurious response rejection . 24
6.5.2.1 Definition . 24
6.5.2.2 Specification. 24
6.5.3 Intermodulation response rejection . 24
6.5.3.1 Definition . 24
6.5.3.2 Specification. 24
6.5.4 Unwanted conducted emissions . 25
6.5.4.1 Definition . 25
6.5.4.2 Specification. 25
6.5.5 Unwanted radiated emissions . 25
6.6 Transmitter/receiver performance . 25
6.6.1 Modulation accuracy. 25
6.6.1.1 Ideal case . 25
6.6.1.2 Vector error magnitude requirement at symbol time . 26
6.6.2 Receiver performance . 26
6.6.2.1 Nominal error rates . 26
6.6.2.2 Dynamic reference sensitivity . 27
6.6.2.3 Receiver performance at reference interference ratios . 27
6.6.2.4 Static reference sensitivity . 28
6.6.2.5 Receiver performance for acquisition of synchronization burst . 28
6.6.3 Propagation conditions . 29
6.6.3.1 Tap-gain process types . 29
6.6.3.2 DM propagation models . 29
7 Radio sub-system synchronization . 30
7.1 Introduction . 30
7.2 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM device . 30
7.2.1 Synchronisation of DM-MS to DM-MS communication . 30
7.2.2 Synchronisation of DM-MS communication through a type 1 DM-REP . 31
7.2.3 Synchronisation of DM-MS communication using a DM-GATE . 32
7.2.4 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM-REPs . 32
7.2.5 Definitions and general requirements for synchronization of DM-GATEs . 33
7.3 Timebase counters . 33
7.3.1 Definition of counters . 33
7.3.2 Relationship between the counters . 33
7.4 Requirements for the frequency reference source of DM devices . 34
7.5 Requirements for the synchronization of a slave or idle DM-MS . 34
7.6 Synchronization requirements for a master DM-MS operating on channel B in frequency efficient mode . 34
7.7 Requirements for the synchronization of a type 1 DM-REP . 35
7.8 Requirements for the synchronization of a DM-GATE. 35
8 Channel coding and scrambling . 35
8.1 Introduction . 35
8.2 General . 36
8.2.1 Interfaces in the error control structure . 36
8.2.2 Notation . 37
8.2.3 Definition of error control codes . 37
8.2.3.1 16-state Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC) codes . 37
8.2.3.1.1 Encoding by the 16-state mother code of rate 1/4 . 38
8.2.3.1.2 Puncturing of the mother code . 38
8.2.3.1.3 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 2/3. 38
8.2.3.1.4 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 292/432 . 38
8.2.3.1.5 Puncturing scheme of the RCPC code of rate 148/432 . 39
8.2.3.2 (K + 16, K ) block code . 39
1 1
8.2.4 Definition of interleaving schemes . 39
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5 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
8.2.4.1 Block interleaving . 39
8.2.4.2 Interleaving over N blocks . 39
8.2.5 Definition of scrambling . 40
8.2.5.1 Scrambling method . 40
8.2.5.2 Scrambling sequence . 40
8.3 Error control schemes . 40
8.3.1 Signalling channels . 41
8.3.1.1 Synchronization Signalling Channel (SCH/S) . 41
8.3.1.2 Half-slot Signalling Channel (SCH/H) and Stealing Channel (STCH) . 42
8.3.1.3 Full-slot Signalling Channel (SCH/F) . 42
8.3.2 Traffic channels in circuit switched mode . 43
8.3.2.1 Traffic channel, net rate = 7,2 kbit/s (TCH/7,2) . 43
8.3.2.2 Traffic channel, net rate = 4,8 kbit/s (TCH/4,8) . 44
8.3.2.3 Traffic channel, net rate = 2,4 kbit/s (TCH/2,4) . 45
8.3.2.4 Speech Traffic Channel, full slot (TCH/S) . 45
8.3.2.5 Speech Traffic Channel, half slot (TCH/S) . 46
9 Channel multiplexing for DM . 46
9.1 Introduction . 46
9.2 Logical channels . 46
9.2.1 Logical channels hierarchy . 46
9.2.2 Traffic channels . 46
9.2.3 Control channels . 47
9.2.3.1 General . 47
9.2.3.2 Linearization Channel (LCH). 47
9.2.3.3 Signalling Channel (SCH) . 47
9.2.3.4 Stealing Channel (STCH) . 47
9.3 The physical resource . 47
9.3.1 General . 47
9.3.2 Timeslots . 48
9.3.3 DM frame. 48
9.3.4 Multiframe . 48
9.4 Physical channels . 48
9.4.1 General . 48
9.4.2 Bursts . 49
9.4.2.1 General . 49
9.4.2.2 Modulation symbol numbering . 49
9.4.2.3 Modulation bit numbering . 49
9.4.2.4 Burst timing. 49
9.4.3 Type of bursts . 49
9.4.3.1 General . 49
9.4.3.2 Modulation bits allocation . 50
9.4.3.2.1 DM Normal Burst (DNB) . 50
9.4.3.2.2 DM Linearization Burst (DLB) . 51
9.4.3.2.3 DM Synchronization Burst (DSB) . 51
9.4.3.3 Burst fields . 51
9.4.3.3.1 Frequency correction field . 51
9.4.3.3.2 Inter-slot frequency correction field . 51
9.4.3.3.3 Normal training sequence and preamble . 52
9.4.3.3.4 Synchronization training sequence . 52
9.4.3.3.5 Phase adjustment bits . 52
9.4.3.3.6 Tail bits . 53
9.4.4 DM device multiple slot transmission . 53
9.4.5 General mapping of logical channels . 53
10 Radio subsystem link control . 54
10.1 Introduction . 54
10.2 RF power control . 54
10.3 Radio link measurements . 54
10.3.1 Signal strength . 54
10.3.2 Signal quality . 54
Annex A (informative): Bibliography . 55
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6 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Annex B (informative): Change requests . 56
History . 57

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7 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA).
The present document is part 2 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Technical requirements for Direct Mode
Operation (DMO), as identified below:
Part 1: "General network design";
Part 2: "Radio aspects";
Part 3: "Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS) Air Interface (AI) protocol";
Part 4: "Type 1 repeater air interface";
Part 5: "Gateway air interface";
Part 6: "Security";
Part 7: "Type 2 repeater air interface"; (Historical)
Part 8: "Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma specification"; (Historical)
Part 10: "Managed Direct Mode Operation (M-DMO)". (Historical)
NOTE: Part 7, part 8 and part 10 of this multi-part deliverable are of status "historical" and will not be updated
according to this version of the standard.

National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 22 December 2011
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 March 2012
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 30 September 2012
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 September 2012

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8 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
1 Scope
This multi-part deliverable defines the Terrestrial Trunked Radio system (TETRA) Direct Mode Operation (DMO). It
specifies the basic air interface, the interworking between Direct Mode (DM) groups via repeaters, and interworking
with the TETRA Voice plus Data (V+D) system via gateways. It also specifies the security aspects in TETRA DMO,
and the intrinsic services that are supported in addition to the basic bearer and teleservices.
The present document applies to the TETRA DMO Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS), DMO Type 1 repeater
and DMO Gateway air interface and contains the specifications of the physical layer according to the OSI seven layer
reference model.
It establishes the TETRA DM radio aspects (layer 1 and lower MAC):
• it defines and specifies the modulation;
• it defines and specifies the radio transmission and reception;
• it defines and specifies the synchronization;
• it defines and specifies the channel coding;
• it defines and specifies the channel multiplexing;
• it defines and specifies the control over the radio link.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] ETSI EN 300 113-1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Land
mobile service; Radio equipment intended for the transmission of data (and/or speech) using
constant or non-constant envelope modulation and having an antenna connector; Part 1: Technical
characteristics and methods of measurement".
[2] ETSI EN 300 392-2: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 2: Air
Interface (AI)".
[3] ETSI EN 300 396-3: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 3: Mobile Station to Mobile Station (MS-MS) Air Interface (AI)
protocol".
[4] Void.
[5] ETSI EN 300 396-5: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 5: Gateway air interface".
[6] ETSI EN 300 395-2: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Speech codec for full-rate traffic
channel; Part 2: TETRA codec".
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9 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
[7] ETSI TS 100 392-15: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 15:
TETRA frequency bands, duplex spacings and channel numbering".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI Directives: "ETSI Statutes; ETSI Rules of Procedure; ETSI Board Working Procedures;
Powers and Functions of the Board; Terms of Reference of the Operational Co-ordination Group
(OCG); ETSI Technical Working Procedures; ETSI Drafting rules".
[i.2] ETSI EN 300 392-1: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 1:
General network design".
[i.3] Void.
[i.4] ETSI EN 300 396-7: "Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Technical requirements for Direct
Mode Operation (DMO); Part 7: Type 2 repeater air interface". (Historical).
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in the ETSI Directives [i.1] and the following
apply:
Bit Error Ratio (BER): ratio of the bits wrongly received to all bits received in a given logical channel
call transaction: all of the functions associated with a complete unidirectional transmission of information
NOTE: A call is made up of one or more call transactions.
changeover: within a call, process of effecting a transfer of the master role (and hence transmitting MS) at the end of
one call transaction so that another can commence
Direct Mode GATEway (DM-GATE): device that provides gateway connectivity between DM-MS(s) and the
TETRA TMO network
NOTE 1: The gateway provides the interface between TETRA DMO and TETRA TMO. A gateway may provide
only the gateway function (DM-GATE) or may provide the functions of both a DM repeater and a DM
gateway during a call (DM-REP/GATE).
NOTE 2: A gateway may have one of three roles on DMO side:
master: if the gateway is either active in a call transaction transmitting traffic or control data, or is
reserving the channel by means of channel reservation signalling or during the solicited registration
procedure;
slave: if the gateway is receiving traffic and signalling in a call from DM-MS;
idle: if the gateway is not in a call.
Direct Mode Mobile Station (DM-MS): physical grouping that contains all of the mobile equipment that is used to
obtain TETRA DM services
NOTE: For synchronization purposes, Direct Mode Mobile Stations may have one of three roles:
master: if the DM-MS is either active in a call transaction transmitting traffic or control data, or is
reserving the channel by means of channel reservation signalling and hence is providing
synchronization information to the channel;
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10 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
slave: if the DM-MS is receiving traffic and/or signalling in a call transaction and hence is
deriving synchronization information from the channel;
idle: if the DM-MS is not in a call transaction but may be deriving synchronization information
from the channel in order to follow the state of the DM channel.
Direct Mode Operation (DMO): mode of simplex operation where mobile subscriber radio units may communicate
using radio frequencies which may be monitored by, but which are outside the control of, the TETRA TMO network
NOTE: Direct Mode Operation is performed without intervention of any base station.
Direct Mode REPeater (DM-REP): device that operates in TETRA DMO and provides a repeater function to enable
two or more DM-MSs to extend their coverage range
NOTE 1: It may be either a type 1 DM-REP, capable of supporting only a single call on the air interface, or a type 2
DM-REP [i.4], capable of supporting two calls on the air interface. A type 1 DM-REP may operate on
either a single RF carrier (type 1A DM-REP) or a pair of duplex-spaced RF carriers (type 1B DM-REP).
A type 2 DM-REP operates on a pair of duplex-spaced RF carriers.
NOTE 2: A repeater may have one of two roles:
active: if the repeater is active in a call transaction receiving and transmitting traffic and/or
signalling messages;
idle: if the repeater is not in a call.
Direct Mode REPeater/GATEway (DM-REP/GATE): device that combines the functions of a DM repeater and a
DM gateway in a single implementation and is capable of providing both functions simultaneously
NOTE: The repeater part of the combined implementation may be either a type 1A repeater, operating on a single
DM RF carrier, or a type 1B repeater, operating on a pair of duplex-spaced DM RF carriers.
DM channel: specific grouping of timeslots in the DM multiplex structure related to a particular DM RF carrier
(i.e. DM frequency)
NOTE: The grouping may not always be fixed, but in DMO when operating in frequency efficient mode as an
example, there are two DM channels, identified by the letters A and B.
DM device: DM-MS, DM-REP, DM-GATE or DM-REP/GATE
Dual mode switchable Mobile Station (DU-MS): MS that is capable to operate in TETRA DMO or in TETRA TMO
one mode at a time
NOTE: Only one mode can be selected at any given time and the MS is not capable of monitoring a DM RF
carrier while in TMO or a TMO channel while in DMO.
Dual Watch Mobile Station (DW-MS): MS that is either full dual watch MS (F-DW-MS) or idle dual watch MS
(I-DW-MS)
NOTE: When idle, the MS periodically monitors both the DM RF carrier and the TMO control channel. If the MS
is performing full dual watch, it is also capable of periodically monitoring the TMO control channel while
in a DM call and a DM RF carrier while in a TMO call. Alternatively the MS may perform idle dual
watch, in which case it need not be capable of monitoring the TMO control channel while involved in a
DM activity (e.g. call) or a DM RF carrier while involved in a TMO activity (e.g. call).
frequency efficient mode: mode of operation where two independent DM communications are supported on a single
RF carrier
NOTE: In frequency efficient mode the two DM channels are identified as channel A and channel B.
logical channel: any distinct data path
NOTE: Logical channels are considered to operate between logical endpoints.
Message Erasure Rate (MER): ratio of the messages detected as wrong by the receiver to all messages received in a
given logical channel
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11 ETSI EN 300 396-2 V1.4.1 (2011-12)
normal mode: mode of operation where only one DM communication is supported on an RF carrier
occupation: time where a call transaction is in progress on a channel
pre-emption: transfer of the master role to the requested DM-MS
NOTE: This process may occur within a call during occupation or to set-up a new call during either occupation or
reservation.
Probability of Undetected Erroneous Message (PUEM): limit ratio of the erroneous messages detected as right by
the receiver to all messages received in a given logical channel
quarter symbol number: timing of quarter symbol duration 125/9 µs within a burst
radio frequency carrier (RF carrier): radio frequency channel
NOTE: This is a specified portion of the RF spectrum. In DMO, the RF carrier separation is 25 kHz.
reservation: time where a "channel reservation" signal is present on the channel
simplex: mode of working in which information can be transferred in both directions but not at the same time
timebase: device which determines the timing state of signals transmitted by a Direct Mode Mobile Station
timeslot number: counter indicating the timing of timeslots within a DMO frame
Trunked Mode Operation (TMO): mode of operation where MSs communicate via the TETRA V+D air interface
which is controlled by the TETRA Switching and Management Infrastructure (SwMI)
NOTE: This is also called V+D operation. The abbreviation "TMO" is used in the present document to pair with
the abbreviation "DMO" instead of the abbreviation "V+D". "TMO" abbreviation is not used in
EN 300 392-1 [i.2] and EN 300 392-2 [2].
useful part of a burst: part of the burst between and including the symbol time of SN0 and the symbol time of Snmax,
with SN0 and Snmax as defined in clause 9 of the present document
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
Ud Direct Mode air interface
Um Trunked Mode air interface
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AI Air Interface
BER Bit Error Ratio
BN Bit Number
DLB Direct mode Linearization Burst
DLL Data Link Layer
DM-GATE Direct Mode GATEway
DM-MS Direct Mode Mobile Station
DMO Direct Mode Operation
DM-REP Direct Mode-REPeater
DM-REP/GATE Direct Mode-REPeater/GATEway
DNB Direct mode Normal Burst
DQPSK Differential Quaternary Phase Shi
...