ETSI TBR 031 ed.2 (1998-03)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST TBR 031:2000
01-junij-2000
'LJLWDOQLFHOLþQLWHOHNRPXQLNDFLMVNLVLVWHPID]D3ULNOMXþLWYHQH]DKWHYH]D
GRVWRSPRELOQLKSRVWDMGRRPUHåMD'&6LQGRGDWQRGRRPUHåMD*60
'RVWRS
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2); Attachment requirements for
mobile stations in the DCS 1 800 band and additional GSM 900 band; Access
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: TBR 031 Edition 2
ICS:
33.070.50 Globalni sistem za mobilno Global System for Mobile
telekomunikacijo (GSM) Communication (GSM)
SIST TBR 031:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST TBR 031:2000

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SIST TBR 031:2000
TECHNICAL TBR 31
BASIS for March 1998
REGULATION Second Edition
Source: SMG Reference: RTBR/SMG-0731TTCNR1
ICS: 33.020
Key words: Digital cellular telecommunications system, Global System for Mobile communications (GSM),
DCS
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2);
Attachment requirements for mobile stations in the DCS 1 800
band and additional GSM 900 band;
Access
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr - http://www.etsi.fr - http://www.etsi.org
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1998. All rights reserved.

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TBR 31: March 1998
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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TBR 31: March 1998
Contents
Foreword .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references.8
3 Abbreviations.9
4 General requirements .10
5 Requirements for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band.11
6 Requirements for DCS 1 800 band operation simultaneous with GSM 900 band or Extended
GSM 900 band operation .62
Annex A (normative): The TBR Requirement Table (TBR-RT).64
A.1 Introduction to the TBR-RT .64
A.2 Format of the tables .64
A.3 References to ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1).65
A.4 Notations used in the TBR-RT .65
A.4.1 Status Notations.65
A.4.2 Support Answer Notations .65
A.5 The TBR Requirement Tables .66
A.5.1 Static Requirements, TBR-RT A.66
A.5.1.1 Types of Mobile Stations .66
A.5.1.2 Mobile Station Features .67
A.5.1.3 Teleservices .68
A.5.1.4 Bearer Services.69
A.5.1.5 Supplementary Services .70
A.5.1.6 Bearer Capability Information.71
A.5.1.7 Additional Information.84
A.5.2 Dynamic Requirements, TBR-RT B.87
History.110

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Foreword
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) has been produced by the Special Mobile Group (SMG) of the
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
The present TBR has been produced by ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission
issued under Council Directive 83/189/EEC (as amended) laying down a procedure for the provision of
information in the field of technical standards and regulations.
The present TBR is intended to become a Harmonized Standard as requested by the above mentioned
mandate, the reference of which will be published in the Official Journal of the European Communities
referencing the Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning
telecommunications terminal equipment, including the mutual recognition of their conformity (Directive
91/263/EEC, known as "the TTE Directive").
A common technical regulation may be established by the European Commission in accordance with the
Directive.
Technical specifications relevant to the 91/263/EEC Directive are given in the TBR-Requirements Table
(TBR-RT) in annex A.
This TBR covers the general access requirements for terminal equipment for Phase 2 of the public land
mobile radio service, operating in
- the DCS 1 800 band; or
- both in the DCS 1 800 band and the GSM 900 MHz band.
This TBR contains the procedures and requirements for the approval testing of DCS 1 800 and Multiband
terminal equipment for access.
The requirements of other TBRs apply in addition to this TBR.
For each test, supplementary information is provided, giving a justification why this item has been selected
for regulatory testing, and a reference to the relevant article of the Terminal Directive [1].
This TBR is based on the ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2].
NOTE: This TBR for Phase 2 may be developed in stages. The first release will include, as a
minimum, all of the basic Phase 2 requirements for full rate.

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TBR 31: March 1998
1 Scope
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) specifies the technical requirements to be met by terminal
equipment capable of connecting to a public telecommunications network. These requirements apply to
terminals for Phase 2 of the public land mobile radio service, operating in
- the DCS 1 800 band; or
- both in the DCS 1 800 band and the GSM 900 MHz band.
with a channel separation of 200 kHz, utilizing constant envelope modulation and carrying traffic channels
according to the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) principle.
This TBR specifies the access requirements for terminals as stated above implementing the GSM
standard.
For each test purpose and its corresponding conformance requirement, a reference is given to the test
method in ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2]. The requirements apply at the air interface and the
Subscriber Identity Module - Mobile Equipment interface for the access requirements, which may be
stimulated to perform the tests by additional equipment if necessary.
The measurement uncertainty is described in ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2].
This TBR covers the essential requirements of the Terminal Directive 91/263/EEC [1] Articles 4d, 4e, 4f.
Non access related aspects of speech telephony, where Article 4g has been applied, are covered by
TBR 32.
The Terminal Directive 91/263/EEC [1] Articles 4a and 4b are covered by other directives, and, therefore,
not by this TBR.
In this TBR, there are no Electromagnetic Compatibility technical requirements in terms of the Terminal
Directive 91/263/EEC [1], Article 4c.
NOTE: Technical Requirements for EMC performance and testing of the equipment are
covered by the relevant standards applicable to the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC,
annex A.
Terminal equipment may be subject to additional requirements in other Common Technical Regulations
(CTR) depending on the equipments functionality.
ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2] constitutes the conformance test suite referenced by this TBR. The
verification of the conformance requirements in this TBR is based on the tests described in this reference.
The set of requirements in ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2] and the set of requirements in this TBR
need not be identical.
Some requirements only apply to specific types of mobile station (e.g. data tests only apply to mobile
stations with a data facility). The TBR also indicates the specific test which should be carried out for each
mobile station type.
An active accessory is covered by this TBR if it modifies the terminal performance in an aspect which
affects conformance to essential requirements.
NOTE: Only active devices are subject to this TBR. Accessories may be tested with specific
terminals, and either approved for use with those terminals only, or may possibly be
approved for use with a wider range of terminals, depending on the nature and effect
of the accessory.

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TBR 31: March 1998
2 Normative references
This TBR incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revision of any of these publications apply
to the requirements specified in this TBR, only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For
undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] Terminal Directive 91/263/EEC: "Council directive of 29 April 1991 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning telecommunications
terminal equipment, including the mutual recognition of their conformity. ("The
Terminal Directive")".
[2] ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1 version 4.19.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (phase 2); Mobile station conformity specifications".
[3] TBR 20 Edition 3: "European digital cellular telecommunications system;
Attachment requirements for Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)
mobile stations; Telephony".
[4] ETS 300 500 Edition 2 (GSM 02.01 version 4.6.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunication system (Phase 2); Principles of telecommunications services
supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN)".
[5] ETS 300 501 (GSM 02.02 version 4.2.2): "Digital cellular telecommunications
system (Phase 2); Bearer Services (BS) supported by a GSM Public Land
Mobile Network (PLMN)".
[6] ETS 300 502 (GSM 02.03 version 4.3.1): "Digital cellular telecommunications
system (Phase 2); Teleservices supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile
Network (PLMN)".
[7] ETS 300 503 Edition 3 (GSM 02.04 version 4.9.1): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); General on supplementary services".
[8] ETS 300 504 Edition 4 (GSM 02.06 version 4.5.1): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Types of Mobile Stations (MS)".
[9] ETS 300 505 Edition 3 (GSM 02.07 version 4.8.1): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Mobile Station (MS) features".
[10] ETS 300 507 Edition 4 (GSM 02.11 version 4.9.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Service accessibility".
[11] ETS 300 508 Edition 2 (GSM 02.16 version 4.5.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); International Mobile station Equipment
Identities (IMEI)".
[12] ETS 300 511 Edition 2 (GSM 02.30 version 4.13.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Man-Machine Interface (MMI) of the
Mobile Station (MS)".
[13] ETS 300 536 Edition 4 (GSM 03.40 version 4.13.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Technical realization of the Short
Message Service (SMS) Point-to-Point (PP)".
[14] ETS 300 537 Edition 2 (GSM 03.41 version 4.11.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Technical realization of Short Message
Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB)".

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[15] ETS 300 538 Edition 2 (GSM 03.45 version 4.5.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Technical realization of facsimile group 3
transparent".
[16] ETS 300 539 (GSM 03.46 version 4.1.2): "Digital cellular telecommunications
system (Phase 2); Technical realization of facsimile group 3 non-transparent".
[17] ETS 300 551 (GSM 04.02 version 4.0.4): "Digital cellular telecommunications
system (Phase 2); GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access reference
configuration".
[18] ETS 300 557 Edition 9 (GSM 04.08 version 4.19.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Mobile radio interface layer 3
specification".
[19] ETS 300 577 Edition 11 (GSM 05.05 version 4.19.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); Radio transmission and reception".
[20] ETS 300 582 Edition 4 (GSM 07.01 version 4.10.0): "Digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2); General on Terminal Adaptation
Functions (TAF) for Mobile Stations (MS)".
3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this TBR, the following abbreviations apply:
ACK ACKnowledgement
BA BCCH Allocation
BC Bearer Capability
BCCH Broadcast Control CHannel
CC Call Control
CCCH Common Control CHannel
CFB Call Forwarding mobile subscriber Busy
CFNRc Call Forwarding MS Not Reachable
CFU Call Forwarding Unconditional
CM Connection management
CTR Common Technical Regulations
DRX Discontinuous Reception (mechanism)
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency
DTX Discontinuous Transmission (mechanism)
FACCH Fast Associated Control CHannel
I Information (frame)
IMEI International Mobile station Equipment Identity
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
LA Location Area
LAI Location Area Identification
ME Mobile Equipment
MM Mobility Management
MMI Man Machine Interface
MO Mobile Originated
MOC Mobile Originated Call
MS GSM Mobile Station
MT Mobile Terminated
MTC Mobile Terminated Call
N(R) Receive sequence Number
N(S) Send sequence Number
OACSU Off Air Call Set Up
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
RACH Random Access CHannel
REJ REJect (frame)
RF Radio Frequency
RR Radio Resource (management entity / connection)

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RR Receive Ready (frame) (in L2)
RST Reset
S S counter
SABM Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode (frame)
SAPI Service Access Point Identifier
SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control CHannel
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SMS Short Message Service
SS System Simulator
TCH Traffic CHannel
TCH/FS Full rate Traffic CHannel for Speech
TCH/HS Half rate Traffic CHannel for Speech
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TI Transaction Identifier
TMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
UA Unnumbered Acknowledge (frame)
UI Unnumbered Information (frame)
4 General requirements
The requirements of this TBR apply to the following classes of terminal.
- Terminals operating only in the DCS 1 800 band. These terminals shall conform to the
requirements of clause 5.
- Terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band and in the GSM 900 band (including terminals
operating in the Extended GSM 900 band), where operation is possible in only one band at a time.
These terminals shall conform to:
a) the requirements of TBR 19; and
b) the requirements of clause 5 of this TBR.
- Terminals operating simultaneously in the DCS 1 800 band and in the GSM 900 band (including
terminals operating in the Extended GSM 900 band). These terminals shall conform to:
a) the requirements of TBR 19; and
b) the requirements of clause 5 of this TBR; and
c) the requirements from clause 6 of this TBR.

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TBR 31: March 1998
5 Requirements for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band
Table 1 contains all requirements that are needed for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band to meet
the essential requirements as defined in the Terminal Directive [1]. A justification according to article 4 of
the Terminal Directive is given by stating the relevant categories (c to f) together with a text supporting the
justification.
The entries are defined as follows:
- "ETS 300 607-1 Item" defines the item number of the conformance requirement and also the
reference to ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2]. This reference is a normative reference to a
subclause of ETS 300 607-1 (GSM 11.10-1) [2] containing the conformance requirement text, and
references to the base standard.

- "Description" contains a short description of the requirement.
- "TBR Justification" contains supplementary information to explain the justification of the requirement
according to article 4 of the Terminal Directive [1].
- "TD Cat" defines the category according to article 4 of the Terminal Directive [1].
- "Test Cat" is defined as follows:
- an "X" indicates a special test situation (e.g. a manufacturer's declaration of some sort);
- a blank entry indicates conformity is by the test referred to by this TBR;
- an asterisk "*" indicates that, where the terminal supports both the GSM 900 and DCS 1 800
bands either the test in the DCS 1 800 band in TBR 31 or the equivalent test in the GSM 900
band is performed, and that a special test situation applies for the test which is not
performed.

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Table 1: Requirements and Justifications for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band
ETS 300 607-1 DESCRIPTION TBR JUSTIFICATION TD Cat Test
Item Cat
11.1.1 Verification of support and To ensure that the MS correctly f *
non-support of services (MT). accepts BC(s) from the network to
ensure correct interworking with the
network.
11.1.2 Verification of support and To ensure that the MS correctly f *
non-support of services (MO). reports BC(s) to the network to ensure
correct interworking with the network.
11.2 Verification of support of the To ensure correct interworking with a f *
single numbering scheme. network supporting single numbering
scheme.
11.3 Verification of non-support of If the MS incorrectly supports AoCC d, f *
services. (Advice of Charge incorrect charging may result. If the
Charging, AOCC) MS incorrectly indicates support of
AoCC the network may not correctly
decide whether access is allowed.
11.4 Verification of non-support of If the MS supports AoCC incorrect *
f
services. (Call Hold) charging may result If the MS
incorrectly indicates non-support of
call hold.
11.5 Verification of non-support of If the MS supports AoCC incorrect f *
services. (MultiParty) charging may result. If the MS
incorrectly indicates non-support of
multi-party.
11.6 Verification of non-support of If a fixed dialling number SIM is d, f X
feature. (Fixed dialling inserted into a MS not rejecting other
number) call set-ups, calls may be made (and
charged) to non-authorized numbers.
11.7 IMEI security. If an IMEI could be changed without X
d
authorization security mechanisms
based on the IMEI would not work.
12.1.1 Conducted spurious Non compliance in this area may e
emissions - MS allocated a cause interference to other spectrum
channel. users.
12.1.2 Conducted spurious Non compliance in this area may e
emissions - MS in idle mode. cause interference to other spectrum
users.
12.2.1 Radiated spurious emissions Non compliance in this area may e
- MS allocated a channel. cause interference to other spectrum
users.
12.2.2 Radiated spurious emissions Non compliance in this area may e
- MS in idle mode. cause interference to other spectrum
users.
13.1 Transmitter - Frequency error Non Compliance in this area may e
and phase error. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
13.2 Transmitter - Frequency error Non Compliance in this area may e
under multipath and impair establishment and the
interference conditions. maintaining of the call.
13.3-1 Transmitter output power and Non Compliance in this area may e
burst timing - MS with impair establishment and the
permanent antenna maintaining of the call or may cause
connector. interference to other spectrum users.
13.3-2 Transmitter output power and Non Compliance in this area may e X
burst timing - MS with integral impair establishment and the
antenna. maintaining of the call or may cause
interference to other spectrum users.

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Table 1: Requirements and Justifications for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band
(continued)
ETS 300 607-1 DESCRIPTION TBR JUSTIFICATION TD Cat Test
Item Cat
13.4 Transmitter - Output RF Non compliance in this area may
e
spectrum. cause interference to other spectrum
users.
13.5 Intermodulation attenuation. Non compliance in this area may X
e
cause interference to other spectrum
users.
14.1.1.1 Receiver / Bad Frame Non compliance in this area may e X
Indication - TCH/FS - degrade speech quality.
Random RF input.
14.1.1.2 Receiver / Bad Frame Non compliance in this area may e
Indication - TCH/FS - degrade speech quality.
Frequency hopping and
downlink DTX.
14.1.2.1 Receiver / Bad Frame Non compliance in this area may e X
Indication - TCH/HS - degrade speech quality.
Random RF input.
14.1.2.2 Receiver / Bad Frame Non compliance in this area may
e
Indication - TCH/HS - degrade speech quality.
Frequency hopping and
downlink DTX.
14.2.1 Receiver / Reference Non compliance in this area may f
sensitivity - TCH/FS. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.2.2 Receiver / Reference Non compliance in this area may f
sensitivity - TCH/HS. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.2.3 Receiver / Reference Non Compliance in this area may f
sensitivity - FACCH/F. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.2.4 Receiver / Reference Non Compliance in this area may f
sensitivity - FACCH/H. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.2.5 Receiver / Reference Non Compliance in this area may X
f
sensitivity - full rate data impair establishment and the
channels. maintaining of the call.
14.2.6 Receiver / Reference Non Compliance in this area may X
f
sensitivity - half rate data impair establishment and the
channels. maintaining of the call.
14.3 Receiver / Usable receiver Non compliance in this area may e
input level range. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.4.1 Co-channel rejection - Non compliance in this area may e
TCH/FS. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.4.2 Co-channel rejection - Non compliance in this area may f
TCH/HS (speech frames). degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.4.4 Co-channel rejection - Non Compliance in this area may f
FACCH/F. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.4.5 Co-channel rejection - Non Compliance in this area may f
FACCH/H. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.

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TBR 31: March 1998
Table 1: Requirements and Justifications for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band
(continued)
ETS 300 607-1 DESCRIPTION TBR JUSTIFICATION TD Cat Test
Item Cat
14.5.1 Adjacent channel rejection - Non compliance in this area may
e
speech channels. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.5.2 Adjacent channel rejection - Non Compliance in this area may
f
control channels. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.6.1 Intermodulation rejection - Non compliance in this area may e
speech channels. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.6.2 Intermodulation rejection - Non Compliance in this area may f
control channels. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.7.1 Blocking and spurious Non compliance in this area may e
response - speech channels. degrade speech quality and may
impair call maintenance.
14.7.2 Blocking and spurious Non Compliance in this area may f X
response - control channels. impair establishment and the
maintaining of the call.
14.8.1 AM suppression - speech Non compliance in this area may f
channels. impair establishment and
maintenance of the call.
14.8.2 AM suppression - control Non compliance in this area may f
channels. impair establishment and
maintenance of the call.
15 Timing advance and absolute If the timing advance is set or reported f
delay. wrongly the establishment or
maintenance of a connection may be
disturbed. Calls on adjacent timeslots
may be disturbed.
16 Reception time tracking If the MS does not respond correctly f
speed. to changes in timing, the call may drop
or interference may be caused to
other users.
17.1 Access times during There may be an unacceptable f
handover - Intra cell channel audible break in the speech if this time
change. is exceeded.
17.2 Access times during Tp1/2: There may be an unacceptable f
handover - Inter cell audible break in the speech if this time
handover. is exceeded. Tp3/4: The call may drop
if these requirements are not met.
18 Temporary reception gaps. Non Compliance in this area may f
impair the holding of the connection.
19.1 Channel release after Failure in these requirements will e, f
unrecoverable errors - 1. result in incorrect call holding and
clearance performance in marginal RF
signal conditions.
19.2 Channel release after Failure in these requirements will e, f
unrecoverable errors - 2. result in incorrect call holding and
clearance performance in marginal RF
signal conditions.
19.3 Channel release after Failure in these requirements will e, f
unrecoverable errors - 3. result in incorrect call holding and
clearance performance in marginal RF
signal conditions.

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TBR 31: March 1998
Table 1: Requirements and Justifications for terminals operating in the DCS 1 800 band
(continued)
ETS 300 607-1 DESCRIPTION TBR JUSTIFICATION TD Cat Test
Item Cat
20.1 Cell Selection. An MS which does not select the
e, f
correct cell at switch on, may not
camp onto the optimum cell for
establishing a connection with the
network, or may not offer service at
all.
20.2 Cell selection with varying An MS which incorrectly averages e, f
signal strength values. signal strength values during cell
selection, may not camp onto the
optimum cell for establishing a
connection with the network.
20.3 Basic Cell Reselection. An MS which reselects cells d, e,f
incorrectly, may not camp onto the
optimum cell for establishing a
connection with the network.
20.4 Cell reselection using An MS which reselects cells d, e, f
TEMPORARY_OFFSET, incorrectly, may not camp onto the
CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET optimum cell for establishing a
and PENALTY_TIME connection with the network.
parameters.
20.5 Cell reselection using An MS which reselects incorrectly, d, e, f
parameters transmitted in the may not camp onto the optimum cell
SYSTEM INFORMATION for establishing a connection with the
TYPE 2bis, 7 and 8 network.
messages.
20.6 Cell Reselection Timings. An MS which reselects cells d, e, f
incorrectly, may not camp onto the
optimum cell for establishing a
connection with the network.
20.7 Priority of Cells. An MS which reselects cells
d, e, f
incorrectly, may not camp onto the
optimum cell for establishing a
connection with the network. Too
frequent reselections may cause
increased network signalling load at
LA boundaries, or missed paging
messages.
20.8 Cell Reselection when C1 An MS that selects a cell of incorrect d, e, f
(serving cell) < 0 for 5 sec. priority or incorrectly uses the cell
selection parameters, may not camp
onto the optimum cell for establishing
a connection with the network.
20.9 Running average of An MS which incorrectly calculates the d, e, f
surrounding cell BCCH carrier C1 parameter may not camp onto the
signal levels. optimum cell for establishing a
connection with the network, Too
frequent reselections may cause
increased network signalling load at
LA boundaries, or misse
...