EN 50132-4-1:2001

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2001
Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications - Part
4-1: Black and white monitors
Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications -- Part 4-1:
Black and white monitors
Alarmanlagen - CCTV-Überwachungsanlagen für Sicherungsanwendungen -- Teil 4-1:
Schwarzweiß-Monitore
Systèmes d'alarme - Systèmes de surveillance CCTV à usage dans les applications de
sécurité -- Partie 4-1: Moniteurs noir et blanc
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50132-4-1:2001
ICS:
13.320 Alarmni in opozorilni sistemi Alarm and warning systems
33.160.40 Video sistemi Video systems
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50132-4-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2001
ICS 13.310
English version
Alarm systems -
CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications
Part 4-1: Black and white monitors
Systèmes d'alarme - Alarmanlagen -
Systèmes de surveillance CCTV à usage CCTV-Überwachungsanlagen für
dans les applications de sécurité Sicherungsanwendungen
Partie 4-1: Moniteurs noir et blanc Teil 4-1: Schwarzweiß-Monitore
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1999-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2001 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50132-4-1:2001 E
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 79, Alarm
systems.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 50132-4-1 on 1999-10-01.
The following dates were fixed:
- latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2002-02-01
- latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2002-10-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
In this standard, annex A is normative.
EN 50132 will consist of the following parts, under the general title “Alarm systems – CCTV
surveillance systems for use in security applications”:
- Part 1 System requirements;
- Part 2-1 Black and white cameras;
- Part 2-2 Colour cameras;
- Part 2-3 Lenses;
- Part 2-4 Ancillary equipment;
- Part 3 Local and main control unit;
- Part 4-1 Black and white monitors;
- Part 4-2 Colour monitors;
- Part 4-3 Recording equipment;
- Part 4-4 Hard copy equipment;
- Part 4-5 Video motion detection equipment;
- Part 5 Video transmission;
- Part 6 (free);
- Part 7 Application guidelines.

- 3 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
Contents
page
Introduction .5
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references.5
3 Definitions and abbreviations.6
3.1 Definitions .6
3.2 Abbreviations .8
4 Requirements .9
4.1 General .9
4.2 Scanning standard and synchronization.9
4.3 Visible diagonal of the display device .9
4.4 Input impedance.9
4.5 Input signal level and polarity.9
4.6 Interlace factor .9
4.7 Frequency response.9
4.8 Horizontal resolution.9
4.9 Modulation transfer function .9
4.10 Geometric distortion .10
4.11 Picture size stability.10
4.12 Black level stability.10
4.13 Grey scale .10
4.14 Interference and positional hum.10
4.15 Power supply.10
4.16 Electrical safety.10
4.17 X-ray radiation.10
4.18 Electro-magnetic compatibility (emission) .10
4.19 Electro-magnetic compatibility (immunity) .10
4.20 Environmental conditions .11
5 Test conditions .11
5.1 General .11
5.2 Test equipment .11
5.3 Test conditions.12
6 Performance tests.13
6.1 Input signal level test.13
6.2 Polarity of the input signal test .14
6.3 Video input termination .14
6.4 Synchronization.16
6.5 Picture size stability.16

6.6 Black level stability.18
6.7 Grey scale .18
6.8 Frequency response.19
6.9 Interlace factor .22
6.10 Geometric distortion .23
6.11 Horizontal resolution.24
6.12 Modulation transfer function .25
6.13 Positional hum .26
6.14 Mutual interference.26
7 Environmental testing .27
7.1 Introduction.27
7.2 Selection of tests and severities .28
7.3 Dry heat (operational) .28
7.4 Dry heat (endurance) .30
7.5 Cold (operational).31
7.6 Damp heat, steady state (operational .32
7.7 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) .33
7.8 Damp heat, cyclic (operational) .34
7.9 Damp heat, cyclic (endurance) .35
7.10 Water (endurance).36
7.11 Sulphur dioxide (SO ) corrosion (endurance) .37
7.12 Salt mist, cyclic (endurance) .39
7.13 Shock (operational) .40
7.14 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational).41
7.15 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance).42
7.16 Dust tightness (endurance).43
8 Documentation .44
9 Marking and labelling .45
Annex A Test patterns (normative) .46
A.1 Window signal .46
A.2 Cross hatch signal .47
A.3 Linearity test pattern.48
A.4 Grey scale signal.49
A.5 Frequency burst signal.50
A.6 Checker board signal .50

- 5 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
Introduction
Video monitors are electronic devices able to transform signals generated by television
cameras into visible images corresponding to those focused on the imaging device of a
television camera or electronically generated signals.
A video monitor comprises the following main components:
a) Display device, e.g. cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, etc.;
b) Video amplification circuits;
c) Synchronization circuits;
d) Power supply circuits;
e) Control and interfacing circuits.
Reference should be made to the guidelines on the application of video monitors in CCTV
systems.
1 Scope
This standard specifies the minimum requirements for the specification and testing of black
and white video monitors used in 625-line CCIR standard closed circuit television (CCTV)
surveillance systems for security applications.
2 Normative references
This European standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and
the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when
incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
CCIR report 624-4 Characteristics of television systems
EN 50081-1 1992 Electromagnetic compatibility – Generic emission standard –
Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry
EN 50130-4 1995 Alarm systems - Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility -
+ A1 1998 Product family standard: Immunity for components of fire,
intruder and social alarm systems
EN 50132-7 1996 Alarm systems - CCTV surveillance systems for use in security
applications – Part 7: Application guidelines
EN 60065 1998 Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus - Safety
requirements (IEC 60065:1998, mod.)
EN 60068-1 1994 Environmental testing - Part 1: General and guidance
(IEC 60068-1:1988 + corr. Oct.1988 + A1:1992)
EN 60068-2-1 1993 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Tests A: Cold
(IEC 60068-2-1:1990)
+ A1 1993 (IEC 60068-2-1:1990/A1:1993)
+ A2 1994 (IEC 60068-2-1:1990/A2:1994)

EN 60068-2-2 1993 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Tests B: Dry heat
(IEC 60068-2-2:1974 + 2A:1976)
+ A1 1993 (IEC 60068-2-2:1974/A1:1993)
+ A2 1994 (IEC 60068-2-2:1974/A2:1994)
EN 60068-2-6 1995 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration
(sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6:1995 + corr. March 1995)
EN 60068-2-18 2001 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests -Test R and guidance:
Water (IEC 60068-2-18:2000)
EN 60068-2-27 1993 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Ea and guidance:
Shock (IEC 60068-2-27:1987)
EN 60068-2-30 1999 Test Db and guidance: Damp heat, cyclic (12 + 12 hour cycle)
(IEC 60068-2-30:1980 + A1:1985)
EN 60068-2-52 1996 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Kb : Salt mist,
cyclic (sodium chloride solution) (IEC 60068-2-52:1996)
EN 60529 1991 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
(IEC 60529:1989)
EN 60950 2000 Safety of information technology equipment
(IEC 60950:1999 + corr. 2000, mod.)
HD 323.2.3 S2 1987 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Ca: Damp heat
steady state (IEC 60068-2-3:1969 + A1:1984)
IEC 60068-2-42 1982 Test Kc : Sulphur dioxide test for contacts and connections
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions and abbreviations apply.
3.1.1
average picture level
average signal level during active scanning time, excluding blanking and synchronization
signals, integrated over one frame period. It is expressed as a percentage of the blanking
(0 V) to reference white (0,7 V) range
3.1.2
aspect ratio
ratio of the frame width to the frame height. The frame is the total area occupied by the
picture which is scanned while the picture is not blanked
3.1.3
black level stability
ability of a monitor to display a stable black level for scenes of varying levels of video
content
3.1.4
composite video signal (CVS)
video output signal of a black and white (b/w) camera comprising the picture component
(video), black reference (blanking) and the synchronization components (synchronization)
[EN 50132-7]
- 7 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
3.1.5
control and interfacing circuits
circuits in a CCTV monitor enabling the connection of the input video signal and enabling
the control of e.g. contrast and brightness of the displayed picture
3.1.6
contrast ratio
ratio of maximum luminance level of a white area in the picture to the luminance level of a
subjective black
3.1.7
dc-restoration
provision in a monitor to restore the dc-component of the video signal
3.1.8
geometric distortion
aberration that causes the reproduced picture to be geometrically dissimilar to the original
scene
3.1.9
grey scale
dynamic range of luminance intensity available from the display device
3.1.10
horizontal resolution
measure of the ability of the monitor to resolve picture detail in the line direction
3.1.11
interlace
positioning of the scan lines of alternate fields so that the even field lines are vertically
spaced between the odd field lines
3.1.12
low frequency response
ability of a monitor to display large areas of uniform luminance accurately in the field
direction
3.1.13
mid frequency response
ability of a monitor to display large areas of uniform luminance accurately in the line
direction
3.1.14
modulation transfer function
contrast at which a high frequency burst can be reproduced on the monitor screen
3.1.15
monitor size
diagonal of the physical tube size, e.g. a 23 cm (9-inch), a 31 cm (12-inch) monitor
3.1.16
mutual interference
phenomenon, sometimes visible on the monitor screen, when two or more monitors
operating on different non synchronised signals are stacked or placed side by side

3.1.17
picture zones
three zones on the picture tube used to evaluate picture performance:
Zone I is the central picture area defined by a circle equal to 80 % of the picture height.
Zone II is the area defined by a circle equal to the picture width.
Zone III is the area outside zone II.
Refer to Figure 1.
III III
Zone I
II II
III III
Figure 1
3.1.18
return loss
reflection damping of the monitor input termination
3.1.19
terminated input
input with a termination of 75 Ω
3.1.20
transient response
ability of the monitor to display a step function luminance transition occurring during a
horizontal scan line
3.1.21
unterminated input
input with high impedance, allowing more devices to be connected in parallel
3.1.22
visible display diagonal
visible picture diagonal of the display device
3.2 Abbreviations
3.2.1 APL: Average picture level
3.2.2 CCIR: Comité Consultatif International des Radiocommunications (International
radio consultative committee).
3.2.3 CCTV: Closed circuit television.

- 9 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
4 Requirements
4.1 General
The properties of the monitor shall be provided in a specification sheet covering at least the
parameters listed in subclauses 4.2 to 4.20.
The specifications stated by the manufacturer shall be those determined under the standard
operating conditions.
The monitor shall meet all performance specifications over the specified temperature range
using only the external operator controls adjustment.
The minimum requirements and specification parameters are given in 4.2 to 4.20.
4.2 Scanning standard and synchronization
The scanning standard shall be in accordance with CCIR report 624-4.
The nominal horizontal frequency is 15,625 Hz and the nominal vertical frequency is 50 Hz,
the capture range and holding range shall allow for at least (0 ± 2) % frequency deviation.
4.3 Visible diagonal of the display device
The visible picture diagonal of the display device shall be specified in centimetres.
4.4 Input impedance
The nominal input impedance shall be 75 Ω per termination or ≥ 5 kΩ when the signal is
unterminated. The return loss shall be ≥ 20 dB in the frequency range of 0,1 MHz to 5 MHz.
4.5 Input signal level and polarity
The monitor shall operate to full specification with a composite video signal at the input of
1 V ± 50 % terminated in 75 Ω. The video white part shall be positive going, the
pp
synchronization negative going. The maximum superimposed dc-voltage on the terminated
input shall be (0 ± 2) V.
4.6 Interlace factor
The degree of interlace of the two fields shall be > 0,8.
4.7 Frequency response
Low frequency (frame tilt), mid frequency (line tilt) and transient response shall be
specified.
4.8 Horizontal resolution
The limiting resolution in zone I of the picture shall be specified at (60 ± 5) cd/m² and
(120 ± 10) cd/m² screen luminance. The resolution shall be specified in the number of TV
lines per picture height.
4.9 Modulation transfer function
The modulation transfer function for (400 ± 20) TV lines resolution in zone I of the picture
shall be specified at (60 ± 5) cd/m² screen luminance.

4.10 Geometric distortion
The geometric distortion in the centre (zone I) of the picture shall be ≤ 2 % of the picture
height.
4.11 Picture size stability
The percentage of variation of the full image size when switching from low to high
brightness shall be specified.
4.12 Black level stability
The stability of the luminance of the black level shall be specified for the condition when
the picture is switched between the display of a small white area to the display of a 50 %
white area at 120 cd/m².
4.13 Grey scale
The minimum grey scale definition shall be 10 levels, including black and white, at a screen
luminance of 120 cd/m² of the white part of the grey scale.
4.14 Interference and positional hum
The manufacturer shall state whether or not two or more monitors can be used
asynchronously adjacent without visible mutual interference.
The positional hum in the displayed picture shall be less than 0,2 %.
4.15 Power supply
The power supply input voltage range and rated power consumption shall be specified.
4.16 Electrical safety
The monitor shall comply with the EN 60065 or EN 60950 safety requirements.
4.17 X-ray radiation
The X-ray radiation level of the monitor shall be in accordance with the requirements of
EN 60950:2000, subclause 4.3.13.
4.18 Electro-magnetic compatibility (emission)
The radiated interference of the apparatus shall comply with the EN 50081-1 generic EMC
emission standard.
4.19 Electro-magnetic compatibility (immunity)
The interference immunity of the apparatus shall comply with the EN 50130-4 EMC
immunity standard for security equipment.

- 11 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
4.20 Environmental conditions
The apparatus shall withstand the environmental influences of the specified service
environment.
The service environment is defined by selection of one of the four environmental classes:
Class I: Indoor but restricted to residential/office environment.
Class II: Indoor in general.
Class III: Outdoor but sheltered from direct rain and sunshine, or indoor with extreme
environmental conditions.
Class IV: Outdoor in general.
As a minimum, the monitor shall withstand exposure to the environmental influences of the
tests defined in clause 7 for the specified service environment.
Monitors of environmental class II or higher may be mounted in environmental housings to
enable their application in environmental classes III or IV. The environmental housing shall
then conform to the additional requirements for the related environmental class, while
maintaining the specified environmental conditions for the monitor mounted in the housing.
5 Test conditions
5.1 General
The test requirements are designed to determine the performance level of black and white
CCTV monitors. The main operating parameters are described.
Monitors shall also conform to the current safety standards for electronic devices.
If a method of measurement and a standard exists for a given parameter, this has been
used in the following tests.
If a method of measurement and standard does not exist for a given parameter, the method
and standard indicated in this standard takes into account the objectivity, repeatability, and
complexity of the tests.
5.2 Test equipment
Test equipment shall be calibrated to tolerances in relation to the required accuracy of the
respective measurements.
The test equipment normally required is:
a) Video wave form monitor or oscilloscope, preferably with facilities for triggering of
the sweep from the field or line pulses of the video signal. Its input impedance
shall be at least 1 MΩ. For some measurements it is essential that the oscilloscope
has an adjustable delay relative to the field synchronization for the selection of
individual TV lines. A marker pulse output indicating the selected line on a monitor
is useful for measurements on individual TV lines.
b) Luminance meter, indicating cd/m².
c) Test signal generator capable of generating the test signals specified in 5.3.1.

5.3 Test conditions
5.3.1 Nominal input signal
Unless otherwise specified, all measurements shall be made with a composite video signal,
.
having a nominal level of (1 ± 0,15) V
pp
The synchronizing signal shall be negative going and have a nominal amplitude of
(0,3 ± 0,05) V . The picture signal shall be positive going. The amplitude of the picture
pp
signal with set-up, as measured from blanking level to reference white level, shall have a
nominal amplitude of (0.7 ± 0.1) V . The black level set-up shall be between 0 mV and
pp pp
35 mV . The synchronization component shall be in accordance with CCIR report 624-4.
pp
When the input signal level is varied in a test, the ratio between video and synchronization
signal in the composite video signal shall be maintained.
The input signal shall be supplied to the monitor by means of a 75 Ω coaxial cable
terminated at the monitor in 75 Ω ± 1 %.
The source impedance of the equipment used to transmit the test signal shall also be
75 Ω ± 1 %.
5.3.2 Test signals
Initially the monitor shall be set up using an electronically generated test picture signal.
This signal may be a white window or grey scale with white reference.
The APL of the signal shall be 60 % or less and the composite video signal shall have the
standard level as specified in 5.3.1.
The test signals used in this standard are:
a) Window signal: The window signal to be used in specific tests within this standard
shall generate a displayed rectangle having a 4/3 aspect ratio and an area equal
to nominally 20 % of the normal active raster area (see Figure A.1). This signal
may be generated electronically or by a TV-camera.
b) Cross hatch signal, see Figure A.2.
c) Linearity test pattern, see Figure A.3.
d) Grey scale signal, see Figure A.4.
e) Frequency burst signal, see Figure A.5.
f) Checker board signal, see Figure A.6.
5.3.3 Test preparations
If provisions are available to switch the monitor for NORMAL SCAN/UNDERSCAN
operation, the monitor shall be operated in the NORMAL SCAN mode.
If the monitor includes a switch for DC restoration ON/OFF, it shall be operated in the ON
mode.
The aspect ratio of the displayed area shall be 4/3.
By means of the brightness and contrast controls, the black reference in the video signal
shall be set to subjective black, and the white reference in the video signal set to the
manufacturer’s rated maximum luminance.
To allow for variations in black level, subjective black may be re-established by adjusting
the brightness control only when switching to test signals of different APLs, unless specified
otherwise.
- 13 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
Certain tests such as interlace, luminance stability, low and mid-frequency response, grey
scale and contrast ratio, horizontal resolution, etc. are performed by means of a luminance
meter or a TV camera focused on the monitor face plate. For these tests the ambient light
falling on the display shall be ≤ 3 lux.
Some measurements require that white areas be displayed at approximately 50 % of the
rated maximum luminance of the monitor; in these cases, the composite input video signal
shall have a standard sync level of 0,3 V . The portion of the composite video input signal,
pp
as measured between blanking level and white level, shall be adjusted to have a value of
0,5 V ± 5 %. Because of the non-linear transfer characteristic of the display, the value of
pp
0,5 V shall be used instead of 0,35 V .
pp pp
Certain tests require the use of a calibrated luminance meter; this meter shall have a
defined acceptance angle such that it measures only the specified area without spill-over
from the surrounding area. The luminance meter shall allow adjustment of the luminance
levels to an accuracy of 10 %.
The television camera required in some tests shall be a black and white camera, of which
the automatic gain control is switched to fixed minimum gain and gamma correction is
switched to 1. The resolution of the camera shall be ≥ 500 TV lines, the contrast transfer
function shall be between 80 % and 120 % at 400 TV lines.
5.3.4 Laboratory conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the atmospheric conditions in the laboratory shall be the
standard atmospheric conditions for measurements and tests, specified in
EN 60068-1:1994, 5.3.1, as follows:
Temperature : 15 °C to 35 °C
Relative Humidity : 25 % to 75 %
Air Pressure : 86 kPa to 106 kPa
6 Performance tests
6.1 Input signal level test
6.1.1 Principle
To verify the minimum and maximum signal amplitudes at the monitor input terminals.
6.1.2 Preparation
Connect a test signal generator providing a grey scale signal to the terminated monitor
input. Monitor the amplitude and the blanking reference voltage of the input signal on a dc-
coupled waveform monitor. Adjust the contrast control on the monitor to achieve the
specified maximum screen brightness.
6.1.3 Test procedure
Vary the video test signal applied at the monitor input between the minimum and maximum
voltage levels 1 V ± 50 %. At both minimum and maximum voltage level, superimpose a
pp
positive and negative dc-voltage on the video test signal such that the blanking level of the
test signal reaches +2 V and -2 V.

6.1.4 Criterion for compliance
The monitor shall be capable of operating over the full range of input voltages and
superimposed dc-voltages without noticeable degrading of the displayed 10-step grey scale
picture. The external operator controls may be used to readjust black level and maximum
screen contrast.
6.2 Polarity of the input signal test
6.2.1 Principle
To verify the polarity of the input signal.
6.2.2 Preparation
Connect a test signal generator providing a grey scale signal to the terminated monitor
input. Monitor the amplitude and the blanking reference voltage of the input signal on a
waveform monitor of known deflection polarity. Apply the nominal input signal at the input
and adjust the contrast control on the monitor to achieve the specified maximum screen
brightness.
6.2.3 Test procedure
The signal polarity shall be determined by measuring the polarity of the video signal and
synchronization signal polarity with respect to the blanking level.
6.2.4 Criterion for compliance
The step of the grey scale with the highest video signal level shall be reproduced with the
highest screen luminance level.
6.3 Video input termination
6.3.1 General
The nominal impedance of the termination is the complex ratio of voltage to current in the
two terminal input, expressed in Ohms (Ω).
Both the terminated (75 Ω) and non terminated (high impedance) input impedance are
verified.
6.3.2 Terminated input
6.3.2.1 Principle
To define the effectiveness of the 75 Ω termination over the bandwidth of the monitor,
measured in terms of return loss.
6.3.2.2 Preparation
Adjust the monitor to its normal operating condition.
6.3.2.3 Test procedure
Determine the monitor input impedance by measuring the return factor, using dedicated
reflectometer devices or by using a Wheatstone bridge in accordance with Figure 2.
The signal generator shall be capable of providing a frequency sweep from 0,1 MHz to
5 MHz. The differential capacitor is adjusted to achieve proper high frequency balancing of
the source. R is the reference resistor (75 Ω) with a tolerance of less than 0,5 %, R is the
n x
termination impedance at the input of the monitor.

- 15 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
R
n
R = 75
1 Ω
U
Signal
generator
R = 75
i Ω
R = 75
2 Ω
R
x
U
Oscillo-
scope
Figure 2
The oscilloscope is used to measure the unbalance voltage U as a function of the applied
input voltage U .
The relation between return factor r and monitor input impedance is:
-
R x Rn
r = (1)
+
R R
x n
By measuring the unbalance voltage U of the Wheatstone bridge, the relationship between
the unbalance voltage and the return factor is defined by equation (2):
U
r = 4 (2)
U
The return loss b , defined in dB, is given in equation (3):
r
= 20 log   (dB) (3)
b
r
r
6.3.2.4 Criterion for compliance
The return loss of the input termination shall be ≥ 20 dB over the entire bandwidth from
0,1 MHz to 5 MHz.
6.3.3 High impedance
6.3.3.1 Principle
To verify the input impedance of the non-termination input.
6.3.3.2 Preparation
The monitor input impedance shall not be terminated.
6.3.3.3 Test procedure
The input impedance of the monitor shall be measured by means of an impedance bridge.
6.3.3.4 Criterion for compliance
The impedance measured at the input terminal when the input is not terminated shall be
≥ 5 kΩ at a frequency of (500 ± 10) kHz.
6.4 Synchronization
6.4.1 Principle
To verify that the monitor synchronises when a video signal with the maximum specified
deviation of the horizontal and vertical frequencies is applied.
6.4.2 Preparation
The test signal shall be a cross hatch signal of which the frame and line frequency can be
varied within a range suitable for this test. The test signal level shall conform to the
standard measurement condition indicated in 5.3.1. Adjust the horizontal and vertical
synchronization controls, when provided, to the optimum position.
6.4.3 Test procedure
Adjust the test signal generator to provide a video signal of which the horizontal and
vertical frequencies are 2 % above the nominal frequencies of 15 625 Hz and 50 Hz,
respectively. Connect this video signal to the monitor input and check that the test picture
synchronizes on the monitor screen.
Repeat the test with a test signal of which the horizontal and vertical frequencies are 2 %
lower than the nominal frequencies.
6.4.4 Criterion for compliance
Stable synchronization of the monitor to the test signal shall be achieved within 2 s and with
no additional picture distortion being introduced.
6.5 Picture size stability
6.5.1 Principle
To verify the stability of the picture size under changing screen luminance conditions.

- 17 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
6.5.2 Preparation
The test signals level shall conform to the standard measurement conditions indicated in
5.3.1.
Ensure that the contrast and brightness controls on the monitor shall be adjusted to produce
a white level brightness of (120 ± 10) cd/m in the centre of the picture while the black level
is (6 ± 1) cd/m .
The test signal shall be a cross hatch signal that can be switched from white lines on a
black background (positive cross hatch) to black lines on a white background (inverted
cross hatch).
During the test switch the test signal applied to the monitor from positive to inverted cross
hatch. If necessary readjust the brightness control on the monitor to reproduce a white level
, for the inverted cross hatch and a black level is (6 ± 1)
brightness of (120 ± 10) cd/m
cd/m for the positive cross hatch.
6.5.3 Test procedure
Figure 3
The change in picture size is determined by switching the applied test signal from a positive
to an inverted cross hatch signal. If necessary readjust screen brightness as indicated in
nd
6.5.2. For the horizontal stability a measurement is made of distance D between the 2 and
th
18 vertical line of the cross hatch pattern, one distance for the positive cross hatch and
one distance for the inverted cross hatch (see Figure 3). The maximum distance is D , the
max
minimum is D .
min
For the vertical stability a similar procedure is followed for the measurement of the distance
nd th
between the 2 and 13 horizontal line of the cross hatch pattern.
The size stability Ds is calculated from:
-
D D
max min
Ds = x 100 % (4)
D
max
6.5.4 Criterion for compliance
The horizontal and vertical picture size stability shall be equal to or better than that stated
by the manufacturer of the monitor.

6.6 Black level stability
6.6.1 Principle
To determine the stability of the black level of the monitor, which is the ability of the
monitor to maintain a constant black level of the displayed video regardless of signal
content.
6.6.2 Preparation
The measurement involves the use of two test signals. A checker board signal is first
applied to the video input of the monitor, followed by a cross hatch signal. Both signals
shall have the same signal levels (video, set-up, blanking and synchronization) within 2 %.
This measurement is carried out with a reference white level luminance of (120 ± 10) cd/m²
in the centre of the picture. This level is adjusted with the contrast control on the monitor
while the checker board signal is displayed. The reference black level luminance for this
measurement shall be adjusted to (6 ± 1) cd/m² in the centre of the picture. This black level
shall be adjusted using the brightness control on the monitor and using the test signal that
yields the lowest black level on the monitor screen (either the checker board or cross hatch
signal). Contrast and black level adjustments may interact, therefore a few iterations of the
reference white and reference black adjustments may be necessary.
6.6.3 Test procedure
The reference luminance level of the white squares of the cross hatch signal in the centre
of the picture shall be measured as reference white (L ). The luminance of the black
w
squares in the centre of the picture shall be measured as reference black (L ) (either the
b
cross hatch or the checker board signal as defined in the preparation of this test). Using the
test signal yielding the higher black level, measure the luminance level of the black squares
at the centre of the CRT (L ) without adjusting the brightness or contrast controls.
f
The black level stability (B ) is calculated from:
s
L − L
f b
B = ×100 (5)
s 0
L
w
6.6.4 Criterion for compliance
The black level stability shall remain within the limits specified by the manufacturer.
6.7 Grey scale
6.7.1 Principle
Grey scale and contrast ratio are comparative methods of describing the discrete intensity
levels that may be obtained between the minimum and maximum luminance levels. This
test verifies the dynamic range of luminance intensity available from the display surface.
6.7.2 Preparation
The measurement shall be made using an electronically generated ten level signal of equal
amplitude increments. Refer to 5.3.1 for signal input level, monitor controls and ambient
light conditions. Black level is adjusted to (6 ± 1) cd/m², white level is adjusted to a
luminance of (120 ± 10) cd/m².

- 19 - EN 50132-4-1:2001
6.7.3 Test procedure
Observe the reproduction of the intermediate shades of grey.
6.7.4 Criterion for compliance
Grey scale minimum visual definition shall be 10 levels including black and white.
6.8 Frequency response
6.8.1 General
The frequency response of a monitor is defined by three separate measurements, low and
mid frequency response, and transient response for determining high frequency behaviour.
6.8.2 Low frequency response
6.8.2.1 Principle
This test verifies the low-frequency response of a display, which determines its ability to
reproduce accurately large areas of uniform luminance that occur over many horizontal TV
lines.
6.8.2.2 Preparation
The luminance of the white composite window at its centre shall be set to (120 ± 10) cd/m².
See subclause 5.3.3 for preliminary set-up adjustments. Luminance measurements shall be
made by moving the window up and down while maintaining the position of the narrow
viewing angle meter in a constant central position of the active raster area.
6.8.2.3 Test procedure
Readings in the centre and readings at the top and bottom of the window shall be made at
positions (10 ± 2) % of the window height from the window edges.
The luminance errors in the top and bottom of the window are calculated with reference to
the centre luminance from:
L − L
t b
L = ×100 (6)
e
L
c
where L is the luminance error, L is the luminance reading at the top and L is the
e t b
luminance reading at the bottom and L is the luminance in the centre of the window signal.
c
6.8.2.4 Criterion for compliance
The luminance of the white composite window display shall not vary more than 20 % of the
centre luminance from the top to bottom measuring positions of the window.
6.8.3 Mid frequency response
6.8.3.1 Principle
To verify the mid-frequency response of a display, which determines its ability to accurately
reproduce large areas of uniform luminance that occur on a single horizontal TV line. Lack
of proper mid-frequency response results in a deficiency commonly called streaking.

Streaking is a term used to describe a picture condition in which objects appear to be
extended horizontally beyond their normal boundaries. This is more apparent at vertical
edges of objects when there is a large transition from black to white or vice versa. The
change in luminance is carried beyond the transition, and may be either negative or
positive.
For example, if the total degradation is an opposite shade to the original figure (white
following black), the streaking is called negative.
If the shade is the same as the original figure (white following white) however, the streaking
is called positive. Long streaking may extend to the right edge of the picture, and in
extreme cases of mid-frequency distortion, can extend over an entire line interval.
6.8.3.2 Preparation
The luminance of the white composite window at its centre shall be set to (120 ± 10) cd/m².
Refer to 5.3.3 for preliminary set-up adjustments.
Luminance measurements shall be made by moving the window from left to right while
maintaining the position of the narrow viewing angle meter in a constant central position of
the active raster area.
6.8.3.3 Test procedure
Readings in the centre and readings at the left and right of the window shall be made at
positions (10 ± 2) % or less of the window width from the window edges.
The luminance errors at the left and right of the window are calculated with reference to the
centre luminance from:
L − L
r r
L = ×100 (7)
e 0
L
c
where L is the luminance error, L is the left reading, L is the right reading and L is the
e l r c
centre luminance reading in the window signal.
6.8.3.4 Criterion for compliance
The luminan
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