EN 61881-2:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2012
äHOH]QLãNHQDSUDYH2SUHPDYR]QLKVUHGVWHY.RQGHQ]DWRUML]DPRþQRVWQR
HOHNWURQLNRGHO$OXPLQLMHYLHOHNWUROLWVNLNRQGHQ]DWRUML]HOHNWUROLWRPNLQLY
WUGQHPVWDQMX,(&
Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Capacitors for power electronics - Part
2: Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with non solid electrolyte (IEC 61881-2:2012)
Bahnanwendungen - Betriebsmittel auf Bahnfahrzeugen - Kondensatoren für
Leistungselektronik - Teil 2: Aluminium Elektrolytkondensatoren mit nicht festen
Elektrolyten (IEC 61881-2:2012)
Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant - Condensateurs pour électronique de
puissance - Partie 2: Condensateurs électrolytiques à l'aluminium, à électrolyte non
solide (IEC 61881-2:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61881-2:2012
ICS:
31.060.70 0RþQRVWQLNRQGHQ]DWRUML Power capacitors
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61881-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2012
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060
English version
Railway applications -
Rolling stock equipment -
Capacitors for power electronics -
Part 2: Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with non solid electrolyte
(IEC 61881-2:2012)
Applications ferroviaires -  Bahnanwendungen -
Matériel roulant - Betriebsmittel auf Bahnfahrzeugen -
Condensateurs pour électronique de Kondensatoren für Leistungselektronik -
puissance - Teil 2: Aluminium Elektrolytkondensatoren
Partie 2: Condensateurs électrolytiques à mit nicht festen Elektrolyten
l'aluminium, à électrolyte non solide (IEC 61881-2:2012)
(CEI 61881-2:2012)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2012-09-12. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2012 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61881-2:2012 E
Foreword
The text of document 9/1679/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61881-2, prepared by IEC/TC 9, "Electrical
equipment and systems for railways" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN 61881-2:2012.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2013-06-12
• latest date by which the document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2015-09-12
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61881-2:2012 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60077-1:1999 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60077-1:2002 (modified).
IEC 60077-2:1999 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60077-2:2002 (modified).
IEC 60664-1:2007 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60664-1:2007 (not modified).
IEC 61287-1:2005 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61287-1:2006 (not modified).
IEC 61881-1 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61881-1.
IEC 61881-3 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61881-3.

- 3 - EN 61881-2:2012
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60062 2004 Marking codes for resistors and capacitors EN 60062 2005
+ corr. January 2007
IEC 60068-2-14 2009 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-14 2009
Part 2-14: Tests - Test N: Change of
temperature
IEC 60068-2-17 1994 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-17 1994
Part 2: Tests - Test Q: Sealing

IEC 60068-2-20 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-20 -
Part 2-20: Tests -
Test T: Test methods for solderability and
resistance to soldering heat of devices with
leads
IEC 60068-2-21 2006 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-21 2006
+ corr. January 2012 Part 2-21: Tests - Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting devices

IEC 60068-2-78 - Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-78 -
Part 2-78: Tests - Test Cab: Damp heat,
steady state
IEC 60384-1 2008 Fixed capacitors for use in electronic EN 60384-1 2009
+ corr. November 2008 equipment -
Part 1: Generic specification
IEC 60384-4 2007 Fixed capacitors for use in electronic EN 60384-4 2007
equipment -
Part 4: Sectional specification - Aluminium
electrolytic capacitors with solid (MnO2) and
non-solid electrolyte
IEC 60721-3-5 1997 Classification of environmental conditions - EN 60721-3-5 1997
Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities
- Section 5: Ground vehicle installations

IEC 61373 2010 Railway applications - Rolling stock EN 61373 2010
+ corr. October 2011 equipment - Shock and vibration tests

IEC 62497-1 - Railway applications - Insulation coordination -- -
Part 1: Basic requirements - Clearances and
creepage distances for all electrical and
electronic equipment
IEC 62498-1 2010 Railway applications - Environmental - -
+ corr. November 2010 conditions for equipment -
Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock

IEC 61881-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2012-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Capacitors for power

electronics –
Part 2: Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolyte

Applications ferroviaires – Matériel roulant – Condensateurs pour électronique

de puissance –
Partie 2: Condensateurs électrolytiques à l’aluminium, à électrolyte non solide

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX U
ICS 45.060 ISBN 978-2-83220-259-3

– 2 – 61881-2 © IEC:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Service conditions . 10
4.1 Normal service conditions . 11
4.1.1 General . 11
4.1.2 Altitude . 11
4.1.3 Temperature . 11
4.2 Unusual service conditions . 11
5 Quality requirements and tests . 12
5.1 Test requirements . 12
5.1.1 General . 12
5.1.2 Test conditions . 12
5.1.3 Measurement conditions . 12
5.1.4 Voltage treatment . 12
5.1.5 Thermal treatment . 12
5.2 Classification of tests . 12
5.2.1 General . 12
5.2.2 Type tests . 13
5.2.3 Routine tests . 13
5.2.4 Acceptance tests . 14
5.3 Capacitance and tangent of loss angle (tanδ) . 14
5.3.1 Capacitance . 14
5.3.2 Tangent of loss angle (tanδ) . 14
5.4 Leakage current . 14
5.4.1 Capacitor cell . 14
5.4.2 Capacitor module or bank . 14
5.5 Insulation test between terminals and case . 14
5.5.1 Capacitor cell . 14
5.5.2 Capacitor module or bank . 15
5.6 Sealing test . 15
5.7 Surge discharge test (under consideration) . 15
5.7.1 General . 15
5.7.2 Preconditioning. 15
5.7.3 Initial measurement . 15
5.7.4 Test methods . 15
5.7.5 Post treatment . 16
5.7.6 Final measurement . 16
5.7.7 Acceptance criteria . 16
5.8 Environmental testing . 16
5.8.1 Change of temperature . 16
5.8.2 Damp heat, steady state . 17
5.9 Mechanical testing . 18
5.9.1 Mechanical tests of terminals . 18

61881-2 © IEC:2012 – 3 –
5.9.2 External inspection . 18
5.9.3 Vibration and shocks . 18
5.10 Endurance test . 18
5.10.1 General . 18
5.10.2 Preconditioning. 18
5.10.3 Initial measurements . 18
5.10.4 Test methods . 18
5.10.5 Post treatment . 19
5.10.6 Final measurement . 19
5.10.7 Acceptance criteria . 19
5.11 Pressure relief test . 19
5.12 Passive flammability . 19
6 Overloads . 19
6.1 Maximum permissible voltage . 19
6.2 Maximum permissible current . 20
7 Safety requirements . 20
7.1 Discharge device . 20
7.2 Case connections (grounding) . 20
7.3 Protection of the environment . 20
7.4 Other safety requirements . 20
8 Marking . 21
8.1 Marking of the capacitor . 21
8.1.1 Capacitor cell . 21
8.1.2 Capacitor module or bank . 21
8.2 Data sheet . 21
9 Guidance for installation and operation . 22
9.1 General . 22
9.2 Choice of rated voltage . 22
9.3 Operating temperature . 22
9.3.1 Life time of capacitor . 22
9.3.2 Installation . 22
9.3.3 Unusual cooling conditions . 23
9.4 Over voltages . 23
9.5 Overload currents . 23
9.6 Switching and protective devices . 23
9.7 Dimensioning of creepage distance and clearance . 24
9.8 Connections . 24
9.9 Parallel connections of capacitors . 24
9.10 Series connections of capacitors . 24
9.11 Magnetic losses and eddy currents . 24
9.12 Guide for unprotected capacitors . 24
Annex A (informative) Terms and definitions of capacitors . 25
Bibliography . 26

Figure 1 – Examples of preferred vent and anode position . 23
Figure A.1 – Example of capacitor application in capacitor equipment . 25

Table 1 – Classification of tests . 13

– 4 – 61881-2 © IEC:2012
Table 2 – Damp heat steady-state test . 17
Table 3 – Testing the robustness of terminals . 18

61881-2 © IEC:2012 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT –
CAPACITORS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS –

Part 2: Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolyte

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61881-2 has been prepared by technical committee 9: Electrical
equipment and systems for railways.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/1679/FDIS 9/1707/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

– 6 – 61881-2 © IEC:2012
A list of all parts of IEC 61881 series, under the general title Railway applications – Rolling
stock equipment – Capacitors for power electronics, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
61881-2 © IEC:2012 – 7 –
RAILWAY APPLICATIONS –
ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT –
CAPACITORS FOR POWER ELECTRONICS –

Part 2: Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolyte

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61881 applies to d.c. aluminium electrolytic capacitors (cell, module and
bank) for power electronics intended to be used on rolling stock.
This standard specifies quality requirements and tests, safety requirements, and describes
installation and operation information.
NOTE Example of the application for capacitors specified in this Standard; d.c. filtering, etc.
Capacitors not covered by this Standard:
– IEC 61881-1: Paper/plastic film capacitors;
– IEC 61881-3: Electric double-layer capacitors.
Guidance for installation and operation is given in Clause 9.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60062:2004, Marking codes for resistors and capacitors
IEC 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Change of
temperature
IEC 60068-2-17:1994, Environmental testing – Part 2-17: Tests. Test Q: Sealing
IEC 60068-2-20, Environmental testing – Part 2-20: Tests – Test T: Test methods for
solderability and resistance to soldering heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-21:2006, Environmental testing – Part 2-21: Tests – Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting devices
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60384-1:2008, Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment – Part 1: Generic
specification
IEC 60384-4:2007, Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment – Part 4: Sectional
specification – Aluminium electrolytic capacitors with solid (MnO ) and non-solid electrolyte
– 8 – 61881-2 © IEC:2012
IEC 60721-3-5:1997, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification of
groups of environmental parameters and their severities – Section 5: Ground vehicle
installations
IEC 61373:2010, Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment – Shock and vibration tests
IEC 62497-1, Railway applications – Insulation coordination – Part 1: Basic requirements –
Clearances and creepage distances for all electrical and electronic equipment
IEC 62498-1:2010, Railway applications – Environmental conditions for equipment – Part 1:
Equipment on board rolling stock
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
capacitor element
indivisible electrolytic capacitor with non-solid electrolyte
3.2
capacitor cell
one or more capacitor elements, packaged in the same enclosure with terminals brought out
SEE: Annex A
3.3
capacitor module
assembly of two or more capacitor cells, electrically connected to each other with or without
additional electronics
SEE: Annex A
3.4
capacitor bank
assembly of two or more capacitor modules
SEE: Annex A
3.5
capacitor
general term used when it is not necessary to state whether reference is made to capacitor
cell, module or bank
[SOURCE: IEC 61881-1:2010, 3, modified]
3.6
capacitor equipment
assembly of capacitor banks and their accessories intended for connection to a network
SEE: Annex A
3.7
capacitor for power electronics
capacitor intended to be used in power electronic equipment and capable of operating
continuously under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal current and voltage
Note 1 to entry: Capacitor in this standard is d.c. capacitor.

61881-2 © IEC:2012 – 9 –
3.8
aluminium electrolytic capacitor with non-solid electrolyte
capacitor consisting of oxide film formed on the surface of aluminium foil by anodic oxidation
as dielectric and paper or fibber impregnated with liquid electrolyte in close contact with the
dielectric as a part of the cathode
3.9
pressure relief structure
mechanism to release internal pressure of capacitor when exceeding the specified value
3.10
discharge device
device which can reduce the voltage between the terminals practically to zero, within a given
time, after the capacitor has been disconnected from a network
3.11
rated d.c. voltage (U )
R
maximum d.c. voltage which may be applied continuously to a capacitor at any temperature
between the Iower category temperature and the upper category temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60384-1:2008, 2.2.16, modified]
Note 1 to entry: In typical traction application, the maximum voltage is the sum of the d.c. voltage and peak a.c.
voltage or peak pulse voltage applied to the capacitor.
3.12
insulation voltage (U )
i
r.m.s. value of the sine wave voltage designed for the insulation between terminals of
capacitors to case or earth. If not specified, r.m.s. value of the insulating voltage is equivalent
to the rated voltage divided by √2
3.13
maximum peak current (I )
P
maximum peak current that can occur during continuous operation
3.14
rated ripple current (I )
ripple
the r.m.s value of the maximum allowable alternating current of a specified frequency, at
which the capacitor may be operated continuously at a specified temperature
3.15
maximum surge current (I )
s
peak non-repetitive current induced by switching or any other disturbance of the system which
is allowed for a limited number of times
Note 1 to entry: See surge voltage in IEC 60384-4:2007, 4.14.
3.16
operating temperature
temperature of the hottest point on the case of the capacitor when in steady-state conditions
of temperature
SEE: 3.22
3.17
ambient temperature
temperature of the air surrounding the non-heat dissipating capacitor or temperature of the air
in free air conditions at such a distance from the heat dissipating capacitor that the effect of
the dissipation is negligible
– 10 – 61881-2 © IEC:2012
3.18
upper category temperature
highest ambient temperature including internal heating in which a capacitor is designed to
operate continuously
3.19
lower category temperature
lowest ambient temperature including internal heating in which a capacitor is designed to
operate continuously
3.20
case temperature rise (ΔT )
case
difference between the temperature of the hottest point of the case and the temperature of the
cooling air under the steady-state conditions of temperature
3.21
cooling-air temperature (T )
amb
temperature of the cooling air measured at the inlet, under the steady-state condition of
temperature
3.22
maximum operating temperature (T )
max
highest temperature of the case at which the capacitor may be operated
Note 1 to entry: The temperature is different from upper category temperature.
3.23
steady-state conditions of temperature
thermal equilibrium attained by the capacitor at constant output and at constant coolant
temperature
3.24
tangent of the loss angle of a capacitor
tan
power loss of the capacitor divided by the reactive power of the capacitor at a sinusoidal
voltage at a specified frequency
[SOURCE: IEC 60384-1:2008, 2.2.24]
R R
esr esr
tanδ = ＝ =2πfC ×R
esr
1 1
ωC 2πfC
where R is the equivalent series resistance;
esr
ω is the angular frequency (2×π×f);
C is the capacitance.
3.25
equivalent series resistance of a capacitor (R )
esr
effective resistance which, if connected in series with an ideal capacitor of capacitance value
equal to that of the capacitor in question, would have a power loss equal to active power
dissipated in that capacitor under specified operating conditions
4 Service conditions
NOTE See IEC 60077-1.
61881-2 © IEC:2012 – 11 –
4.1 Normal service conditions
4.1.1 General
This standard gives requirements for capacitors intended for use in the following conditions:
4.1.2 Altitude
Not exceeding 1 400 m. See IEC 62498-1.
NOTE The effect of altitude on cooling air characteristics and insulation clearance should be taken into
consideration, if the altitude exceeds 1 400 m.
4.1.3 Temperature
The climatic ambient temperatures are derived from IEC 60721-3-5:1997 class 5k2 which has
a range from –25 °C to 40 °C. Where ambient temperature lies outside this range, it shall be
agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer
...