Method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after ageing

Describes a method for assessing the changes in activity of pour point depressant additives in inhibited and uninhibited mineral insulating oils when aged in the presence of insulating kraft paper.

Verfahren zur Prüfung der Kältefließeigenschaften von Isolierölen auf Mineralölbasis nach vorhergehender Alterung

Méthode d'évaluation des propriétés d'écoulement à basse température des huiles minérales isolantes, après vieillissement

Décrit une méthode permettant d'évaluer les modifications de l'activité d'additifs abaissant le point d'écoulement dans les huiles minérales isolantes inhibées et non inhibées, vieillies en présence de papier isolant kraft.

Method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after agening (IEC 1065:1991)

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
10-Feb-1993
Withdrawal Date
30-Nov-1993
Current Stage
6060 - Document made available - Publishing
Start Date
11-Feb-1993
Completion Date
11-Feb-1993

Overview

EN 61065:1993 is an international standard developed by the Comité Electrotechnique Luxembourgeois (CLC) and based on IEC 61065:1991. This standard specifies a method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after ageing. Mineral insulating oils are crucial in electrical equipment such as transformers and switchgear, providing essential insulation and cooling. The standard addresses how ageing, especially in the presence of insulating kraft paper, affects the performance of these oils-particularly focusing on the activity of pour point depressant additives.

Low temperature flow properties such as pour point and viscosity are critical for reliable operation in cold environments. This method helps to assess changes in oil flow behavior after oxidative ageing, ensuring continued insulation effectiveness under varying operational conditions.


Key Topics

  • Scope and Purpose
    The standard is designed to evaluate changes in the effectiveness of pour point depressants in inhibited and uninhibited mineral insulating oils aged with insulating kraft paper. It supports the assessment of oil quality and compatibility with solid insulation materials.

  • References to Other Standards
    It incorporates methods and apparatus requirements from related IEC standards including IEC 813 (oxidation stability), IEC 1125 (newer oxidation evaluation methods), IEC 296 (specifications for mineral insulating oils), IEC 450 (degree of polymerization of electrical papers), IEC 554-3-1 (kraft paper specifications), ISO 3016 (pour point determination), and ISO 3104 (viscosity measurements).

  • Test Procedure
    The method involves ageing samples of insulating oil at 120 °C under an air flow in the presence of specially conditioned kraft paper strips, followed by measurement of changes in:

    • Pour point (ISO 3016)
    • Kinematic viscosity (ISO 3104) at low temperatures (−15 °C or −30 °C)
    • Optional parameters such as volatile acidity, sludge content, and degree of polymerization of the paper (IEC 450).
  • Interpretation of Results
    Any viscosity increase greater than 10% or a pour point change exceeding 6 °C compared with new oil indicates a loss of pour point depressant effectiveness. The standard also discusses oxidation stability and the impact on paper polymerization.


Applications

  • Transformer and Electrical Equipment Maintenance
    Ensures mineral insulating oils maintain adequate low temperature flow properties after operational ageing, preventing oil solidification and maintaining insulation integrity.

  • Oil Formulation and Quality Control
    Provides a standardized approach to assess the long-term performance of pour point depressants-chemical additives used to enhance the cold flow of oils derived from waxy crude origins.

  • Compatibility Testing with Solid Insulation
    Evaluates interactions between oils and paper insulation materials (kraft paper), ensuring ageing processes do not degrade either component's insulating properties.

  • Research and Development
    Supports development of new insulating oils and additives by providing a reliable test method to study ageing effects on oil flow characteristics.

  • Regulatory and Standardization Compliance
    Helps manufacturers and users comply with international standards for mineral insulating oils as per IEC and CLC guidelines.


Related Standards

  • IEC 813:1985 - Test method for evaluating the oxidation stability of hydrocarbon insulating liquids
  • IEC 1125:1992 - Unused hydrocarbon-based insulating liquids - Test methods for oxidation stability
  • IEC 296:1982 - Specifications for unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgear
  • IEC 450:1974 - Measurement of the average viscometric degree of polymerization of new and aged electrical papers
  • IEC 554-3-1:1979 - Specifications for cellulosic papers for electrical purposes
  • ISO 3016:1974 - Petroleum oils - Determination of pour point
  • ISO 3104:1976 - Petroleum products - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity

Summary

EN 61065:1993 provides an essential international method for evaluating how ageing affects the cold flow performance of mineral insulating oils used in electrical equipment. Through standardized ageing conditions and detailed measurement protocols, this method enables manufacturers, researchers, and maintenance professionals to ensure oil and paper insulation compatibility, optimize additive formulations, and maintain transformer reliability in low temperature environments.

Keywords: mineral insulating oils, pour point depressant, low temperature flow properties, oil ageing, oxidation stability, insulating kraft paper, viscosity measurement, pour point determination, transformer oil testing, IEC standards.

Standard
EN 61065:1997
English language
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Frequently Asked Questions

EN 61065:1993 is a standard published by CLC. Its full title is "Method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after ageing". This standard covers: Describes a method for assessing the changes in activity of pour point depressant additives in inhibited and uninhibited mineral insulating oils when aged in the presence of insulating kraft paper.

Describes a method for assessing the changes in activity of pour point depressant additives in inhibited and uninhibited mineral insulating oils when aged in the presence of insulating kraft paper.

EN 61065:1993 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 17.220.99 - Other standards related to electricity and magnetism; 29.040.10 - Insulating oils. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

You can purchase EN 61065:1993 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CLC standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-avgust-1997
Method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating
oils after agening (IEC 1065:1991)
Method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after
ageing
Verfahren zur Prüfung der Kältefließeigenschaften von Isolierölen auf Mineralölbasis
nach vorhergehender Alterung
Méthode d'évaluation des propriétés d'écoulement à basse température des huiles
minérales isolantes, après vieillissement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61065:1993
ICS:
29.040.10 Izolacijska olja Insulating oils
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STAN DARD
First edition
1991-03
Méthode d'évaluation des propriétés
d'écoulement à basse température
des huiles minérales isolantes,
après vieillissement
Method for evaluating the low
temperature flow properties of mineral
insulating oils after ageing
© IEC 1991
Droits de reproduction réservés —
Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part
of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo-
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in
copie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. writing from the publisher.

International Electrotechnical Commission
3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland

Telefax: +41 22 919 0300
e-mail: inmaieieC.ch IEC web site http: //www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
H
PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEC Me,tuwHapoitHae
3neKTpOTeXHH4ocean HOMHCCHH
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
• • For price, see current catalogue

IEC Publication 1065
Publication 1065 de la CEI
(First edition - 1991)
(Première édition - 1991)
Méthode d’évaluation des propriétés Method for evaluating the low
temperature flow properties of mineral
d’écoulement à basse température
des huiles minérales isolantes, insulating oils after ageing
après vieillissement
C O R R I G E N D U M 1
Page 9
Page 8
2 Normative references
2 Références normatives
In the list of standards, instead of
Dans la liste des normes, au lieu de
IEC 813: 1985, Test method for evaluating
CEI 813: 1985, Méthode d’essai pour éva-
the oxidation stability of hydrocarbon
luer la stabilité à l’oxydation des
insulating liquids.
diélectriques liquides base d’hydro-
carbures.
lire read
1125: 1992, Unused hydrocarbon-based in-
1125: 1992, Isolants liquides neufs à base
sulating liquids – Test methods for evaluat-
d’hydrocarbures – Méthodes d’essai pour
ing the oxidation stability.
évaluer la stabilité à l’oxydation.
3 Summary of the method
3 Résumé de la méthode
In the first line, instead of
A la première ligne, au lieu de
...
... conformément à la CEI 813 ... according to IEC 813 ...
read
lire
... according to IEC 1125, Method C...
... conformément à la CEI 1125, Méthode C
...
Page 11
Page 10
4 Apparatus and auxiliary materials
4 Appareillage et accessoires
Aux deux premiers alinéas, au lieu de In the first two paragraphs, instead of
The apparatus shall conform to clause 3 of
L’appareillage doit être conforme à celui qui
IEC 813. All glassware shall be cleaned in
est décrit dans l’article 3 de la CEI 813. La
accordance with clause 5 of IEC 813.
verrerie doit être nettoyée suivant la procé-
dure de l’article 5 de la CEI 813.

In addition to the materials listed in clauses
En plus des accessoires énumérés dans les
3 and 6 of IEC 813, the following .
... articles 3 et 6 de la CEI 813, il faut
read
lire
The apparatus shall conform to IEC 1125.
L’appareillage doit être conforme à celui qui
All glassware shall be cleaned in
est décrit dans la CEI 1125. La verrerie doit
accordance with IEC 1125.
être nettoyée suivant la procédure décrite
dans la CEI 1125.
In addition to the materials listed in
énumérés
En plus des accessoires dans la
IEC 1125, the following .
CEI 1125, il faut .
6 Preparations for the test
6 Préparations de l’essai
Instead of
Au lieu de
6.2 Prepare a catalyst coil as per clause 6
6.2 Préparer un enroulement servant de
of IEC 813.
catalyseur suivant la procédure décriteà
l’article 6 de la CEI 813.
read
lire
6.2 Prepare a catalyst coil as described in
6.2 Préparer un enroulement servant de
IEC 1125.
catalyseur suivant la procédure décrite dans
la CEI 1125.
Page 13
Page 12
Instead of
Au lieu de
7.4 Oxidize the oil as per clause 8 of
7.4 Oxyder les huiles conformémentà
IEC 813 for 164 h .
l’article 8 de la CEI 813 pendant 164 h .
read
lire
7.4 Oxidize the oil according to IEC 1125,
7.4 conformément à la
Oxyder les huiles
Method C, for 164 h .
CEI 1125, Méthode C, pendant 164 h .
Instead of
Au lieu de
7.5 At the end of the oxidation period deter-
7.5 A la fin de la période d’oxydation déter-
mine the volatile acidity in each absorption
miner l’acidité volatile
dans chaque tube
tube according to sub-clause 10.3 of
d’absorption conformément au paragraphe
IEC 813.
10.3 de la CEI 813.
read
lire
7.5 At the end of the oxidation period deter-
7.5 A la fin de la période d’oxydation déter-
mine the volatile acidity in each absorption
miner l’acidité volatile dans chaque tube
tube according to IEC 1125, Method C.
d’absorption conformément à la CEI 1125,
Méthode C.
8 Measurements
8 Mesures
8.3 Acidity and sludge (optional)
8.3 Acidité et boue (facultatif)
Instead of
Au lieu de
Determine volatile acidity, soluble acidity
Déterminer l’acidité volatile, l’acidité soluble
and sludge according to clause 10 of
et la boue conformément à l’article 10 de la
IEC 813.
CEI 813.
read
lire
Déterminer l’acidité volatile, l’acidité soluble Determine volatile acidity, soluble acidity
and sludge according to IEC 1125,
et la boue conformément à la CEI 1125,
Method C.
Méthode C.
December 1993
Décembre 1993
1065©IEC -3-
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 5
INTRODUCTION 7
Clause
1 Scope 9
2 Normative references 9
3 Summary of the method 9
4 Apparatus and auxiliary materials
5 Number of test tubes
6 Preparations for the test
7 Procedure
8 Measurements
9 Interpretation of results
10 Report 15
1065©IEC - 5 -
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE LOW TEMPERATURE
FLOW PROPERTIES OF MINERAL INSULATING OILS
AFTER AGEING
FOREWORD
1) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on
which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as
possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees
should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will
permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as
far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
This International Standard has been prepared by IEC Technical Committee No. 10: Fluids
for electrotechnical applications.
The text of this standard is based on the following docum
...

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SIST EN 61065:1997 표준은 노후화된 미네랄 절연유의 저온 유동 특성을 평가하는 방법을 상세히 설명하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 절연 크라프트지 종이와 함께 노후화된 상태에서의 활성 변화 및 고형 염기성 첨가제의 효과를 평가하는 데 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는, 노후화 과정에서 절연유의 물리적 특성이 어떻게 변화하는지를 체계적으로 분석할 수 있다는 점입니다. 이는 에너지 산업에서 중요한 역할을 하는 절연유의 안정성과 성능을 보장하는 데 기여합니다. 따라서 EN 61065:1993 표준은 미네랄 절연유의 적절한 선택과 사용을 가능하게 하여 시스템의 신뢰성을 높이는 데 필수적입니다. 또한, 이 문서는 절연유의 안전성과 효율성을 보장하기 위한 명확한 평가 방법을 제공함으로써, 업계 종사자들이 해당 절연유의 특성을 이해하는 데 도움을 줍니다. 표준에서 제시하는 방법론은 저온에서의 유동성을 정확하게 평가할 수 있도록 설계되어 있으므로, 다양한 환경에서의 응용 가능성을 높입니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 61065:1997 표준은 고온 및 저온 상황에서의 절연유 성능에 대한 신뢰할 수 있는 평가를 제공하며, 이를 통해 미네랄 절연유의 품질과 안전성을 보장하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다.

The EN 61065:1993 standard provides a comprehensive method for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after ageing, specifically focusing on the alterations resulting from the interaction with insulating kraft paper. This standard is pivotal for industries reliant on mineral insulating oils, as it addresses the performance and longevity of these materials when exposed to ageing conditions. One of the significant strengths of the EN 61065 standard is its detailed methodology for assessing the activity of pour point depressant additives. By systematically evaluating how these additives respond to ageing, the standard facilitates a better understanding of their effectiveness in maintaining low temperature flow properties, which is critical for ensuring the reliability of insulation systems in various applications. Furthermore, the relevance of this standard extends beyond mere evaluation; it also plays a crucial role in quality control processes for manufacturers of mineral insulating oils. By adhering to the protocols outlined in EN 61065, companies can ensure their products meet industry standards, thereby enhancing product performance and safety in operation. In summary, the EN 61065:1993 standard is a vital resource for evaluating the low temperature flow properties of mineral insulating oils after ageing, showcasing a robust methodology that offers valuable insights into the performance of pour point depressant additives and their long-term efficiency in the presence of insulating kraft paper.

La norme EN 61065:1993, intitulée « Méthode pour évaluer les propriétés d'écoulement à basse température des huiles minérales isolantes après vieillissement », présente un cadre clair et précis pour l’évaluation des huiles minérales isolantes. Son champ d'application est essentiel, car il décrit une méthode d’évaluation des modifications apportées à l'activité des additifs déprimants de point d'écoulement dans les huiles minérales, qu'elles soient inhibées ou non, lors de leur vieillissement en présence de papier kraft isolant. L'un des points forts de cette norme réside dans sa capacité à fournir des informations critiques sur la performance des huiles isolantes sous des conditions de vieillissement spécifiques. Cela permet aux fabricants et aux utilisateurs de mieux comprendre comment les additifs influencent la fluidité des huiles à basse température, un facteur crucial pour le fonctionnement optimal des équipements électriques dans des environnements froids. Par ailleurs, la norme EN 61065:1993 fait preuve de pertinence dans le domaine des huiles minérales, car elle intègre les interactions entre les huiles et les matériaux d'isolation, tels que le papier kraft. Cette approche holistique permet non seulement d'évaluer la durabilité des huiles mais aussi de garantir la sécurité et la fiabilité des systèmes électriques. En conclusion, la norme EN 61065:1993 constitue un outil indispensable pour les professionnels de l'industrie, leur permettant d'évaluer et d'optimiser les performances des huiles minérales isolantes face aux défis du vieillissement et de la température.

SIST EN 61065:1997は、鉱物絶縁油の低温流動特性を評価する方法に関する標準であり、その適用範囲は、絶縁用クラフト紙の存在下で劣化した際の、抑制剤添加剤の活動の変化を評価することに重点を置いています。この標準は、主に絶縁油の性能を長期的に維持するための重要な指標を提供しており、特に寒冷環境での使用を考慮した結果、非常に重要性が高まります。 この標準の強みは、劣化した鉱物絶縁油の正確な評価方法を定義している点です。これにより、メーカーや利用者は、流動性の変化を追跡し、必要に応じて適切な添加剤の選定や使用方法を見直すことができるため、より高い信頼性を担保することが可能です。また、評価プロセスは標準化されているため、異なる実験室間での結果の一貫性を保証し、業界全体での共通理解の促進に寄与しています。 さらに、SIST EN 61065:1997は、絶縁油の品質管理に深く関連しており、電力システムの安全性や効率性に直接影響を与えるため、業界の専門家にとって不可欠なリソースです。この標準を遵守することにより、信頼性の高い絶縁油を選定し、電気機器の故障やメンテナンスコストの削減に寄与することが期待されます。したがって、鉱物絶縁油の低温流動特性の評価を行う際に、SIST EN 61065:1997は非常に関連性の高い基準となっています。

Die Norm EN 61065:1993 beschreibt eine Methode zur Bewertung der Fließeigenschaften von mineralischen Isolierölen bei niedrigen Temperaturen nach dem Alterungsprozess. Diese Norm ist besonders relevant für die elektrische Industrie, da sie die Leistung von Isolierölen unter verschiedenen Bedingungen untersucht. Die Hauptstärke dieser Norm liegt in ihrer Fähigkeit, Veränderungen in der Aktivität von Pour-Point-Depressanten, sowohl in inhibierten als auch in uninhibierten mineralischen Isolierölen, systematisch zu analysieren. Dies ermöglicht eine präzise Einschätzung der Qualität und Verwendbarkeit der Isolieröle nach längerer Lagerung und in der Präsenz von Isolier-Kraftpapier. Ein weiterer entscheidender Aspekt der EN 61065:1993 ist, dass sie eine standartisierte Methode bietet, die eine Vergleichbarkeit der Testergebnisse zwischen verschiedenen Labors gewährleistet. Diese Standardisierung ist entscheidend für Hersteller und Anwender von mineralischen Isolierölen, da sie einen verlässlichen Benchmark zur Verfügung stellt. Die Relevanz dieser Norm wird durch die zunehmende Bedeutung der Betriebssicherheit und der Effizienz von elektrischen Systemen unterstrichen. In einer Zeit, in der die Anforderungen an die Materialien stetig steigen und die Leistungsfähigkeit der Isolierung kritisch für die Gesamtsicherheit ist, bietet die EN 61065:1993 wichtige Leitlinien zur Beurteilung von mineralischen Isolierölen. Durch die detaillierte Analyse der Fließeigenschaften und das Verständnis der chemischen Veränderungen in den Isolierölen nach verschiedenen Alterungsprozessen bleibt die Norm eine unverzichtbare Referenz für Fachleute, die in diesem Bereich tätig sind.