EN 61400-12-2:2013
(Main)Wind turbines - Part 12-2: Power performance of electricity-producing wind turbines based on nacelle anemometry
Wind turbines - Part 12-2: Power performance of electricity-producing wind turbines based on nacelle anemometry
IEC 61400-12-2:2013 specifies a procedure for verifying the power performance characteristics of a single electricity-producing, horizontal axis wind turbine, which is not considered to be a small wind turbine per IEC 61400-2. This standard is intended to be used when the specific operational or contractual specifications may not comply with the requirements set forth in IEC 61400-12-1:2005. The procedure can be used for power performance evaluation of specific turbines at specific locations, but equally the methodology can be used to make generic comparisons between different turbine models or different turbine settings.
Windenergieanlagen - Teil 12-2: Leistungsverhalten von Elektrizität erzeugenden Windenergieanlagen mit Gondelanemometer
Eoliennes - Partie 12-2: Performance de puissance des éoliennes de production d'électricité basée sur l'anémométrie de nacelle
La CEI 61400-12-2:2013 spécifie un mode opératoire pour vérifier les caractéristiques de performance de puissance d'une éolienne simple de production d'électricité à axe horizontal, qui n'est pas considérée comme une petite éolienne selon la CEI 61400-2. Cette norme est destinée à être utilisée lorsque les spécifications d'exploitation ou contractuelles spécifiques peuvent ne pas être conformes aux exigences présentées dans la CEI 61400-12-1:2005. Ce mode opératoire peut être utilisé pour l'évaluation de la performance de puissance de turbines spécifiques à des emplacements spécifiques, mais cette méthodologie peut également être utilisée pour effectuer des comparaisons génériques entre différents modèles de turbines ou différents réglages de turbines.
Vetrne turbine - 12-2. del: Ugotavljanje elektroenergetskih zmogljivosti vetrnih elektrarn po načelu merjenja hitrosti vetra skozi gondolo
Ta del standarda IEC 61400-12 določa postopek za preverjanje značilnosti elektroenergetskih zmogljivosti posamezne vetrne turbine s horizontalno osjo, ki proizvaja električno energijo in v skladu s standardom IEC 61400-2 ni mala vetrna turbina. Ta standard naj bi se predvidoma uporabljal, ko določene operativne ali pogodbene specifikacije niso v skladu z zahtevami standarda IEC 61400-12-1:2005. Postopek se lahko uporabi za vrednotenje elektroenergetskih zmogljivosti določenih turbin na določenih lokacijah, vendar se lahko metodologija prav tako uporabi za splošne primerjave med različnimi modeli ali nastavitvami turbin.
Na elektroenergetsko zmogljivost vetrne turbine, za katero sta značilna izmerjena krivulja električne energije in ocenjena vrednost AEP na podlagi hitrosti vetra, izmerjeni skozi gondolo, vpliva rotor turbine (tj. povečana ali zmanjšana hitrost vetra). Hitrost vetra, izmerjena skozi gondolo, se popravi za ta vpliv popačenja toka. Postopki za določanje tega popravka bodo vključeni v metodologijo. V standardu IEC 61400-12-1:2005 je anemometer na meteorološkem stolpu, ki je od dva do štiri premere rotorja proti vetru od preskusne turbine. Ta položaj omogoča neposredno merjenje »prostega« vetra z minimalnimi motnjami rotorja preskusne turbine. V postopku standarda IEC 61400-12-2 je anemometer na gondoli preskusne turbine ali v njeni bližini. Na tem položaju anemometer meri hitrost vetra, na katero močno vplivata rotor preskusne turbine in gondola. Ta postopek vključuje metode za določanje in uveljavitev ustreznih popravkov zaradi teh motenj. Kljub temu je treba opozoriti, da ti popravki povečajo netočnost merjenja v primerjavi z ustrezno konfiguriranim preskusom, izvedenim v skladu s standardom IEC 61400-12-1:2005. Ta standard IEC 61400-12-2 opisuje, kako opisati elektroenergetske zmogljivosti vetrne turbine, kar zadeva izmerjeno krivuljo električne energije in ocenjeno vrednost AEP. Izmerjena krivulja električne energije se določi z zbiranjem istočasnih meritev hitrosti vetra, izmerjene skozi gondolo, in izhodne moči v obdobju, ki je dovolj dolgo, da se ustvari statistično pomembna zbirka podatkov pri različnih hitrostih vetra in pri različnih vetrnih in atmosferskih pogojih. Da bi se krivulja električne energije točno izmerila, se hitrost vetra, izmerjena skozi gondolo, prilagodi s funkcijo prenosa, da se oceni hitrost vetra v prostem pretoku. Postopek za merjenje in potrditev takšne funkcije prenosa je opisan v tem dokumentu. AEP se izračuna z uporabo izmerjene krivulje električne energije pri referenčnih porazdelitvah frekvence hitrosti vetra, pri čemer se predvideva 100-odstotna razpoložljivost. Postopek prav tako podaja smernice za določanje netočnosti merjenja, vključno z oceno virov netočnosti in priporočili za njihovo združevanje pri evidentirani električni energiji in vrednostih AEP.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2013
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Wind turbines - Part 12-2: Power performance of electricity producing wind turbines
based on nacelle anemometry
Windturbinen - Teil 12-2: Leistungsverhalten von Elektrizität erzeugenden Windturbinen
mit Gondelanemometer
Eoliennes - Partie 12-2: Performance de puissance des éoliennes de production
d'électricité basée sur l'anémométrie de nacelle
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61400-12-2:2013
ICS:
27.180 Sistemi turbin na veter in Wind turbine systems and
drugi alternativni viri energije other alternative sources of
energy
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61400-12-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.180
English version
Wind turbines -
Part 12-2: Power performance of electricity-producing wind turbines
based on nacelle anemometry
(IEC 61400-12-2:2013)
Eoliennes - Windenergieanlagen -
Partie 12-2: Performance de puissance Teil 12-2: Messung des
des éoliennes de production d'électricité Leistungsverhaltens von Elektrizität
basée sur l'anémométrie de nacelle erzeugenden Windturbinen basierend auf
(CEI 61400-12-2:2013) Gondelanemometrie
(IEC 61400-12-2:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-05-02. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61400-12-2:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 88/442/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61400-12-2, prepared by IEC/TC 88 "Wind
turbines" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2014-02-02
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2016-05-02
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61400-12-2:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
- 3 - EN 61400-12-2:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60688 1992 Electrical measuring transducers for EN 60688 1992
+ A1 (mod) 1997 converting a.c. electrical quantities to + A1 1999
+ A2 2001 analogue or digital signals + A2 2001
IEC 61400-12-1 2005 Wind turbines - EN 61400-12-1 2006
Part 12-1: Power performance
measurements of electricity producing
wind turbines
IEC 61869-2 - Instrument transformers - EN 61869-2 -
Part 2: Additional requirements for current
transformers
IEC 61869-3 - Instrument transformers - EN 61869-3 -
Part 3: Additional requirements for inductive
voltage transformers
ISO/IEC 17025 - General requirements for the competence of EN ISO/IEC 17025 -
testing and calibration laboratories
ISO/IEC - Uncertainty of measurement - - -
Guide 98-3 Part 3: Guide to the expression of
uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995)
ISO 2533 - Standard atmosphere - -
IEC 61400-12-2 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Wind turbines –
Part 12-2: Power performance of electricity-producing wind turbines based on
nacelle anemometry
Eoliennes –
Partie 12-2: Performance de puissance des éoliennes de production d'électricité
basée sur l'anémométrie de nacelle
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XE
ICS 27.180 ISBN 978-2-83220-658-4
– 2 – 61400-12-2 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols and units . 13
5 Overview of test method . 16
6 Preparation for performance test . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Wind turbine . 19
6.3 Test site . 19
6.3.1 Terrain classification. 20
6.3.2 RIX indices . 20
6.3.3 Average slope . 21
6.3.4 Determine terrain class . 21
6.3.5 Ridge formations . 22
6.4 Nacelle wind speed transfer function . 23
6.5 Test plan . 23
7 Test equipment . 23
7.1 Electric power . 23
7.2 Wind speed . 24
7.3 Wind direction . 24
7.3.1 Nacelle yaw position sensor . 24
7.3.2 Nacelle wind direction sensor . 25
7.3.3 Wind direction . 25
7.4 Air density . 25
7.5 Rotor speed . 26
7.6 Pitch angle . 26
7.7 Wind turbine status . 26
7.8 Data acquisition. 26
8 Measurement procedure . 27
8.1 General . 27
8.2 Wind turbine operation . 27
8.3 Data system(s) synchronisation . 27
8.4 Data collection . 28
8.5 Data quality check . 28
8.6 Data rejection . 29
8.7 Data correction . 30
8.8 Database . 30
9 Derived results . 31
9.1 Data normalisation . 31
9.1.1 Density correction . 31
9.2 Determination of measured power curve . 32
9.3 Annual energy production (AEP) . 32
9.4 Power coefficient . 33
9.5 Uncertainty analysis . 34
61400-12-2 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
10 Reporting format . 34
Annex A (informative) Nacelle instrument mounting . 42
Annex B (normative) Measurement sector procedure . 44
Annex C (normative) Nacelle wind speed transfer function validity procedure . 49
Annex D (normative) Nacelle wind speed transfer function measurement procedure . 51
Annex E (normative) Evaluation of uncertainty in measurement . 58
Annex F (normative) Theoretical basis for determining the uncertainty of
measurement using the method of bins . 62
Annex G (normative) NTF/NPC uncertainty estimates and calculation . 70
Annex H (normative) Allowable anemometry instrument types . 83
Annex I (informative) Results and uncertainty considerations . 85
Annex J (informative) Example multi-turbine NTF/NPC uncertainty calculation . 90
Annex K (informative) Organisation of test, safety and communication . 98
Annex L (informative) NPC and NTF flowchart . 100
Figure 1 – Procedural overview . 18
Figure 2 – Presentation of example data: transfer function resulting from Annex D . 37
Figure 3 – Presentation of example data: nacelle power performance test scatter plots . 38
Figure 4 – Presentation of example data: binned power curve with uncertainty bands . 38
Figure 5 – Presentation of example data: measured power curve and C curve . 39
p
Figure A.1 – Mou
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