prEN ISO 3170

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2023
Naftne tekočine - Ročno vzorčenje (ISO/DIS 3170:2023)
Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO/DIS 3170:2023)
Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Manuelle Probenahme (ISO/DIS 3170:2023)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Échantillonnage manuel (ISO/DIS 3170:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 3170
ICS:
75.080 Naftni proizvodi na splošno Petroleum products in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 3170
ISO/TC 28/SC 2 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-06-22 2023-09-14
Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
Produits pétroliers liquides — Échantillonnage manuel
ICS: 75.080
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2023

ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 3170
ISO/TC 28/SC 2 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:

Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
Produits pétroliers liquides — Échantillonnage manuel
ICS: 75.080
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
© ISO 2023
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Website: www.iso.org ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
Published in Switzerland
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
ii
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2023

ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Safety aspects of equipment . . 7
4.3 Safety at sampling points . 7
4.4 Entry into enclosed (confined) spaces . 7
4.5 Electrical safety . 9
4.5.1 Static Electricity . 9
4.5.2 Electronic and electrical equipment . 9
5 Sampling . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Typical situations where samples need to be taken. 10
5.2.1 Tanks and line sampling . 10
5.3 Restricted opening / vapour trap sampling. . 10
5.4 Representative samples . 10
5.5 Homogeneity . . 11
6 Equipment .11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Tank samplers . 11
6.2.1 Spot samplers . 11
6.2.2 Zone samplers / flow-through samplers.12
6.2.3 Running samplers . .12
6.2.4 All level samplers .12
6.2.5 Bottom samplers . 13
6.2.6 Dead bottom samplers .13
6.2.7 Residue samplers (sediment samplers) . 13
6.3 Open sampling devices . 14
6.3.1 General . 14
6.3.2 Sampling can/thief . 14
6.3.3 Sampling cage and bottle . 15
6.3.4 Dead bottom sampler . 17
6.3.5 Zone/core sampler . 19
6.4 Restricted and closed sampling devices . 22
6.4.1 General .22
6.4.2 Sampler for vapour pressure analysis . 24
6.4.3 Vapour control valves (VCV) . 24
6.5 Other sampling devices . . . 24
6.5.1 Tank side samplers . 24
6.5.2 Pipeline samplers . . 24
6.5.3 Drum samplers . 25
6.5.4 Sludge/sediment samplers . 26
7 Sample container .28
7.1 General container design consideration .28
7.2 Sample container material and type .29
7.2.1 Glass bottle .29
7.2.2 Plastic container .29
7.2.3 Metal cans . . .30
7.3 Sample closures, cleanliness, and sealing .30
iii
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
7.3.1 Container closures .30
8 Procedures .30
8.1 General sampling practices .30
8.1.1 General principles of sampling . 31
8.2 Tank sampling procedures . 32
8.2.1 Shore tank sampling . 32
8.2.2 Sampling from ships .36
8.3 Process and Pipeline Sampling . 39
8.3.1 Pipeline Sampling of Liquids .39
8.3.2 Spot Sampling of High Vapour Pressure Liquids .39
8.4 Sampling from railcars . 45
8.5 Sampling from road tankers . 45
8.6 Sampling from drums/intermediate bulk containers (IBC's) .46
8.6.1 Tube sampling from drums .46
8.6.2 IBC sampling .46
8.6.3 Pump sampling . 47
8.6.4 Batch sampling . 47
8.7 Package sampling . 47
8.7.1 Statistical aspects of sampling packages . 47
8.7.2 Acceptable quality level (AQL) .48
8.7.3 Inspection level .48
8.7.4 Sampling Plan .48
8.7.5 Procedures for sampling packages .49
8.8 Sampling from dispensers (retail) . 51
9 Requirements for specific products .52
9.1 Crude Oil . 52
9.2 Naphtha’s, Gasoline’s and other Volatile Liquids . 53
9.3 Aviation Fuels .54
9.4 Distillate Fuels (excluding Jet Fuel) . 55
9.5 Residual Fuel Oil (including Marine Bunker Fuels) . 55
9.5.1 Fuel Oil . 55
9.5.2 Marine Bunker Fuel (residual fuel and marine distillates) .55
9.6 Bitumen .56
9.7 Requirements for sampling for Microbiological Assay .56
9.7.1 General recommendations for sampling fuel facilities . 57
9.7.2 Tank water phase sample . 57
9.7.3 Bulk fuel phase sample . 57
9.7.4 Sampling procedure . 57
9.7.5 Monitoring regimes for terminals and distribution systems .58
10 Sample Handling .58
10.1 General considerations.58
10.1.1 Sample transfer . 59
10.1.2 Labelling . 59
10.1.3 Sample transportation .60
10.2 External influences . .60
10.2.1 Temperature .60
10.2.2 Light . 61
10.2.3 Time . 61
10.2.4 'First test' requirements . 61
10.3 Homogenising samples . 62
10.3.1 None (no mixing) . 62
10.3.2 Shaking . 62
10.3.3 Power mixers . 62
10.4 Verification of mixing efficiency .63
10.4.1 General .63
10.4.2 Homogeneous liquids .63
10.4.3 Non-homogeneous liquids .64
iv
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
10.4.4 Mixing efficiency verification test for non-homogeneous oils (injection/
recovery test) .64
10.5 Selection of sample mixing method .65
10.6 Compositing samples .66
10.7 Requirements for retained samples . 67
Bibliography .68
v
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 3170 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants,
Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement of petroleum and related products.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 3170:2004), which has been technically
revised, the main change was a complete re-write to include an equal representation of the closed and
restricted sampling devices to the traditional open sampling devices.
vi
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
Introduction
This International Standard may be applied in combination with ISO 3171.
This International Standard specifies standard conditions and methods for obtaining samples of liquid/
semi- liquid hydrocarbons from a tank, drum or pipeline by manual means. If the hydrocarbon to be
sampled is non-homogeneous, showing significant variations in composition or containing sediments
and water, samples taken manually should not be expected to be representative, but may enable the
degree of non-homogeneity to be assessed and estimates of quality and quantity to be made.
Procedures are specified which minimize or eliminate losses of light ends from samples. Such losses
can occur during handling or transfer of samples, thereby making them non-representative of the bulk.
The procedures specified provide samples for:
a) the determination of the liquid/hydrocarbon quality;
b) the determination of the water content;
c) the determination of other contaminants that are not considered to be part of the liquid
hydrocarbon.
If the sampling conditions for purposes a), b) and c) are in conflict, separate samples are required.
Sampling procedures for tank contents that are not homogeneous are specified that enable the degree
of non-homogeneity to be assessed and estimates of quality and quantity to be made.
Procedures for the sampling of liquid hydrocarbons from tanks under inert gas pressure are included,
together with techniques for sampling from tanks which are equipped with vapour emission control
systems.
It is recognized that, in many countries, some or all of the items covered by this International Standard
are the subject of mandatory regulations imposed by the laws of those countries. In cases of conflict
between such mandatory regulations and this International Standard, the former prevail.
vii
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the manual methods to be used for obtaining samples of liquid or
semi- liquid hydrocarbons, tank residues and deposits from fixed tanks, railcars, road vehicles, ships
and barges, drums and cans, or from liquids being pumped in pipelines.
It applies to the sampling of liquid products, including crude oils, intermediate products, synthetic
hydrocarbons and bio fuels, which are stored at or near atmospheric pressure or transferred by
pipelines as liquids at elevated pressures and temperatures.
The sampling procedures specified are not intended for the sampling of special petroleum products
which are the subject of other International Standards, such as electrical insulating oils (IEC 60475),
liquefied petroleum gases (ISO 4257), liquefied natural gases (ISO 8943) and gaseous natural gases
(ISO 10715).
This International Standard refers to methods of sampling and sampling equipment in use at the time of
writing. It does not exclude the use of new equipment, provided that such equipment enables samples to
be obtained in accordance with the requirements and procedures of this International Standard.
NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, the term "% (m/m)" is used to represent the mass
fraction.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1998 (all parts), Petroleum industry — Terminology
ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
IP461 Bitumen and bituminous binders - Preparation of test samples
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1998 and the following apply.
3.1
acceptable quality limit
AQL
maximum per cent defective (or the maximum number of defects per hundred units) that, for purposes
of sampling inspection, can be considered satisfactory as a process average.
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
3.2
all-level sample
Sample obtained with an apparatus which accumulates the sample at a uniform rate whilst passing in
one direction only through the total liquid height, excluding any free water. Only bottom-up sampling
is appropriate for aviation fuels. This is to ensure that the sample is satisfactorily taken. A bottom-up
all-level sample must have some ullage left in the sampling container to be valid. The disadvantage of
bottom-up sampling is that the liquid column has been disturbed as the sampling apparatus is lowered.
3.3
automatic sampler
A device used to extract a representative sample from the liquid flowing in a pipe. The automatic
sampler generally consists of a probe, a sample extractor, an associated controller, a flow measuring
device, and a sample receiver.
3.4
batch
Identified quantity of product, the quality of which is covered by a single certificate of quality or
certificate of analysis.
3.5
bottom sample
A spot sample collected from the material at the bottom of the tank, container, or line at its lowest point.
In practice, the term bottom sample has a variety of interpretations. It is therefore recommended that
the exact sampling location (e.g. 150 mm from the bottom) should be specified when using this term.
3.6
dead bottom sample
A sample taken of the liquid (fuel, water, mixture in contact with the bottom surface of a tank or
container)
3.7
bottom water sample
spot sample of free water taken from beneath the hydrocarbon in a tank
3.8
closed sampling
process of taking samples within a tank under closed conditions, which does not permit the release of
any tank contents or vapour to the atmosphere
3.9
composite sample
Sample obtained by combining a number of individual samples in defined proportions with the aim of
obtaining a sample representative of the bulk of the product.
3.10
sample integrity
condition of being complete and unaltered, i.e. the sample being preserved with the same composition
as when it was taken from the bulk of the liquid
3.11
skim sample
spot sample taken from the surface of the liquid
3.12
lower sample
spot sample taken at a level of five-sixths of the depth of liquid below the top surface
3.13
middle sample
spot sample taken at a level of one-half of the depth of liquid below the top surface
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
3.14
meter Interval Sample
spot sample taken at meter intervals throughout the depth of the liquid
3.15
mixer
device which provides a homogeneous mixture of the liquid within a pipeline or container in order to
obtain a representative sample.
3.16
open sampling
process of taking traditional samples from a tank via an open gauge hatch or gauging access point
Note 1 to entry: If the tank ullage space is pressurized, it will normally be necessary to use other (closed or
restricted) procedures to avoid de-pressurizing the tank and the consequent loss of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs).
3.17
per cent defective
one hundred times the number of defective units of product contained in any given quantity of units of
product divided by the total number of units of product inspected, i.e.:
number of defectives
per cent defective= ×100
number of units insppected
3.18
portable sampling device
PSD
housing designed to connect to a vapour lock valve, which contains a restricted or closed system
sampler and is fitted with a tape or cable winding mechanism for lowering and retrieving the sampler
3.19
representative sample
A representative sample is a portion extracted from the total volume that is deemed to have the
constituents in the same proportions that are present in that total volume.
3.20
residues and deposits
organic and inorganic matter, together with any water dispersed within it, which has separated from
the liquid and either fallen to the bottom of the tank containing the liquid, or been left in the tank after
the liquid has been pumped out
3.21
restricted sampling
process of taking samples within a tank using equipment which is designed to substantially reduce or
minimize the vapour losses that would occur during open sampling, but where the equipment is not
completely gas-tight
3.22
running sample
sample obtained with an apparatus which accumulates the sample at a uniform rate while passing in
both directions through the total liquid height, excluding any free water.
3.23
sample conditioning
mixing necessary to homogenize the sample during sample handling in preparation for subsampling
and/or analysis
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
3.24
sample handling
any conditioning, transferring, dividing, and transporting of the sample. Sample handling includes
transferring the sample from the primary sampling device to any secondary container, and the
transferring of subsamples to the laboratory apparatus in which it is to be analyzed.
3.25
sample size
number of samples to be drawn from a batch to determine its acceptability as given in sampling plans
3.26
spot sample
sample taken at a specific location in a tank or from a pipeline
3.27
static mixer
mixing device having no moving parts and located within a pipe or tube. The effectiveness of the static
mixer depends on the kinetic energy of the moving liquid for the energy required to mix the liquid.
3.28
still-well
still-pipe
sounding-pipe
stand pipe
vertical cylindrical pipe built into a tank to permit gauging operations while reducing errors arising
from turbulence or agitation of the liquid. Samples taken from unperforated or unslotted still-wells
should not be used for custody transfer applications, Still-wells may be found in static tanks and in ship
and barge tanks.
3.29
suction level sample
outlet sample
sample taken at the lowest level from which liquid hydrocarbon is pumped from the tank. On
determining this level, appropriate allowance is made for any fittings within the tank such as swing-
arms, suction baffles or internal bends.
3.30
sump sample
spot sample taken from within a sump
3.31
suspended water
water contained within the oil that is finely dispersed as small droplets.
Note 1 to entry: It may over a period of time, either collect as free water or become dissolved water, depending on
the conditions of temperature and pressure prevailing.
3.32
tap sample
spot sample taken via a tap, typically located on the side of a shore tank.
3.33
test portion
portion of a sample or subsample that is introduced into the analytical test apparatus
3.34
top sample
spot sample obtained 150 mm below the surface of the liquid.
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
3.35
total water
sum of all the dissolved, suspended, and free water in a cargo or parcel of liquid hydrocarbon
3.36
ullage
empty capacity left in a fixed volume sample receiver/container above the liquid surface
3.37
upper sample
spot sample taken at a level of one-sixth of the depth of the liquid below the top surface.
3.38
vapour lock valve
vapour control valve
valve, usually with connector above it, fitted to the top of vapour tight or pressurised tanks to permit
manual measurement and/or sampling operations to be carried out with little or no loss of vapour.
3.39
zone sample
core sample
flow-through sample
sample taken as that part of the liquid column which is contained within the whole height of the sampler
when it is sealed at a single spot location within a tank.
Figure 1 — Examples of spot sample positions in tank
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
Figure 1.1 — Examples of spot sample positions in tank with water
4 Safety
4.1 General
The safety precautions given below apply generally and constitute good practice but are not
comprehensive and should be read in conjunction with the appropriate international and national
safety regulations and/or recognized codes of practice in the hydrocarbon industry. The precautions
given below should be taken whenever they do not conflict with local or national regulations.
Personnel involved in sampling must be familiar with the associated hazards and the precautions which
must be taken to reduce health and environmental risks to an acceptable level.
Any unsafe actions, equipment or conditions should be identified and reported immediately to the
appropriate parties
Safety and environmental regulations may restrict or prevent sampling operations which result in
the release of hydrocarbons or other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere. In most
circumstances, it will not normally be feasible to use traditional open sampling procedures via an open
gauge hatch or gauging access point. If the tank ullage space is pressurized, and/or the tank forms part
of a vapour balancing/recovery system, it will be necessary to use closed sampling procedures to avoid
de-pressurizing the tank and minimize the consequent loss of VOCs. Similar procedures will apply if the
vapour from the tank contents is hazardous.
Personnel should be aware of the hazards associated with the product as detailed in safety data sheets
(SDS) and be aware of the safety precautions to be observed.
All regulations covering entry into hazardous areas should be observed.
Care should be taken to avoid breathing hydrocarbon vapour during the sampling operations.
The wearing of PPE is Mandatory and shall include:
— Personal identification / Pass
— Goggles or safety spectacles
— Fire retardant coverall incorporating high visibility panels (or high vis vest)
— Safety boots with toe protection
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
— Heavy duty impervious gloves
— Hard hat
— Personal H S monitors when working in Hydrocarbon environments
Where defined by risk assessment or client requirements additional PPE may be required.
4.2 Safety aspects of equipment
Pressurised sample receivers/containers should be designed in accordance with the respective
national/international standards.
Pressure tests and other inspection work should be performed according to the local regulations and
the results of such tests should be recorded. Cleaning and leak testing operations should be performed
at regular intervals.
Cords used for lowering sampling equipment should be electrically conductive or made from natural
material such as cotton. They must not be made from man-made fibres. Chains are not recommended
for lowering sampling equipment as electrical continuity cannot be guaranteed.
Portable metallic equipment used in flammable atmospheres should be of non-sparking material.
Caution should be exercised when using equipment made of aluminium, magnesium or titanium which
may generate incendive sparks when struck against rusted steel. Some countries restrict the use of
sampling equipment made from such materials, or from alloys containing more than 15 % (m/m) in
total of these metals or 6 % (m/m) of magnesium.
Sampling personnel should use carriers for their equipment in order that at least one hand may be free.
Sample containers should be carefully handled to prevent accidental leakage and should be protected
during transit by the use of boxes or carrying frames.
Care should be taken to avoid heating of volatile samples in containers with gas-tight closures.
4.3 Safety at sampling points
Safe access to sampling points with adequate lighting shall be provided. Access ladders, stairways,
platforms and handrails shall be maintained in a safe condition and regularly inspected. Sampling
points shall be adequately ventilated and free of hydrocarbon residues which can cause slipping.
Sampling points should enable samples to be taken in a safe manner. Any potential hazards associated
with sampling should be clearly marked and it is recommended that a pressure gauge be provided at
pipeline sampling points.
The sampling point and equipment should be adequately maintained and regularly inspected, and the
results of the inspection recorded.
Still-wells should be slotted in order to prevent any pressure differential between the inside of the still-
well and the tank head space which could cause liquid to be driven up into the sampling apparatus.
Adequate and safe disposal facilities for draining and flushing should be available.
All equipment and material brought by and used by personnel engaged in sampling operations should
be removed on completion of the operation. Rags and other waste material should be disposed of
appropriately.
4.4 Entry into enclosed (confined) spaces
It is the responsibility of vessel(s) and terminal personnel to identify enclosed spaces and to establish
procedures for safe entry. Pump rooms, deck tunnels, cargo tanks, cofferdams, double bottom tanks,
ISO/DIS 3170:2023(E)
shore tanks, floating roofs or any enclosed space may be subject to oxygen deficiency as well as the
presence of hydrocarbon or toxic gas.
Personnel must consult the responsible vessel officer or terminal operator to determine whether entry
into su
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