prEN 1337-2

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2018
.RQVWUXNFLMVNDOHåLãþDGHO'UVQLHOHPHQWL
Structural bearings - Part 2: Sliding elements
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 2: Gleitteile
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1337-2
ICS:
91.010.30 7HKQLþQLYLGLNL Technical aspects
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2018
ICS 91.010.30 Will supersede EN 1337-2:2004
English Version
Structural bearings - Part 2: Sliding elements
Lager im Bauwesen - Teil 2: Gleitteile
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 167.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1337-2:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 10
3.2.1 Latin upper cases . 10
3.2.2 Latin lower case letters . 10
3.2.3 Greek letters . 11
3.2.4 Subscripts . 11
3.3 Abbreviations . 12
4 Types of sliding elements . 12
4.1 General . 12
4.2 Sliding elements permanently loaded . 13
4.2.1 Flat sliding elements with recessed PTFE . 13
4.2.2 Flat sliding elements with PTFE vulcanised to elastomeric bearings . 13
4.2.3 Curved sliding elements . 14
4.3 Sliding elements not permanently loaded . 14
5 Material characteristics . 15
5.1 PTFE . 15
5.1.1 Material specification . 15
5.1.2 Mechanical and physical characteristics . 15
5.2 Composite materials . 16
5.2.1 Composite material CM1 . 16
5.2.2 Composite material CM2 . 17
5.3 Austenitic steel sheet . 18
5.4 Ferrous material for backing plates, guides and restraints . 18
5.5 Aluminium alloy . 18
5.6 Lubricant . 18
5.6.1 General . 18
5.6.2 Characteristics . 18
5.7 Adhesive for bonding austenitic steel sheets . 19
5.8 Chromium plating . 19
5.9 Anodised aluminium surface . 19
6 Design . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Combination of sliding materials . 20
6.3 PTFE Sheets . 20
6.3.1 Recessed PTFE sheets . 20
6.3.2 PTFE sheets vulcanized to elastomeric bearings . 25
6.4 Composite materials . 26
6.5 Guides and restraints. 26
6.6 Austenitic steel sheet . 27
6.6.1 Displacement capacity . 27
6.6.2 Thickness . 27
6.7 Characteristic compressive strength of sliding materials. 28
6.8 Coefficient of friction . 28
6.8.1 Dimpled PTFE . 28
6.8.2 Initially lubricated undimpled PTFE . 29
6.8.3 Composite materials in guides . 29
6.8.4 Steel to steel contact surfaces in guides . 29
6.8.5 Steel-to-steel contact surfaces in restraints. 30
6.9 Design verification for sliding surfaces . 30
6.9.1 General . 30
6.9.2 Compressive stress verification . 30
6.9.3 Separation of sliding surfaces . 31
6.10 Design verification of backing plates . 31
6.10.1 General . 31
6.10.2 Deformation verification . 32
6.10.3 Connection between austenitic steel sheet and backing plate . 34
6.11 Combination with other bearings or elements . 34
7 Testing . 35
7.1 General . 35
7.2 Testing of Sliding characteristics . 35
7.2.1 Sliding surfaces with dimpled lubricated PTFE sheets . 35
7.2.2 PTFE-sheets bonded to elastomer . 36
7.2.3 Guides incorporating CM1 and CM2 . 36
7.3 Lap shear test for austenitic steel sheets and composite materials . 37
7.3.1 Requirements for long term test . 37
7.3.2 Requirements for short-term test . 37
7.4 Testing of hard chromium plating . 37
7.4.1 Visual inspection . 37
7.4.2 Ferroxyl test . 37
7.4.3 Roughness . 37
7.4.4 Thickness . 37
7.5 Testing of anodized aluminium surface . 37
7.6 Testing of lubricant . 37
7.6.1 Oil separation test . 37
7.6.2 Oxidation stability testing of lubricant . 37
7.7 PTFE sheets vulcanized to elastomeric bearings . 37
7.8 Austenitic steel vulcanized to backing plates . 38
8 Manufacturing, assembly, tolerances, marking and labelling . 38
8.1 Aluminium Alloy . 38
8.2 Hard chromium plated surfaces . 38
8.3 Backing plates . 38
8.3.1 PTFE confinement . 38
8.3.2 Flatness. 39
8.3.3 Fit of sliding surfaces . 39
8.4 Dimpled PTFE sheets . 39
8.4.1 Thickness tolerances . 39
8.4.2 Dimples. 39
8.5 Attachment of sliding materials . 39
8.5.1 Austenitic steel sheet . 39
8.5.2 PTFE sheets in recesses . 40
8.5.3 Bonded PTFE sheets . 40
8.5.4 Composite material . 40
8.6 Protection against contamination and corrosion . 40
8.7 Lubrication . 41
8.8 Reference surface for bearing installation . 41
8.9 Marking and labelling . 41
9 Installation . 41
10 In-service Inspection . 41
11 Maintenance . 41
12 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance . 41
12.1 General . 41
12.2 Type Testing . 41
12.3 Factory production control . 41
12.4 Assessment of the performance of the construction product . 42
Annex A (informative) Reduced area for sliding elements . 45
A.1 Introduction . 45
A.2 Determination of the factor λ . 45
A.3 Examples . 45
Annex B (informative) Method for calculating the deformation of backing plates in contact
with concrete . 47
Annex C (normative) Test methods for friction . 49
C.1 Scope . 49
C.2 Principle . 49
C.3 Test equipment . 49
C.4 Test specimens . 49
C.5 Test procedure . 50
C.6 Results . 51
C.7 Test report . 52
Annex D (normative) Hard chromium plated surfaces — Ferroxyl test . 58
D.1 Scope . 58
D.2 Principle . 58
D.3 Indicator solution. 58
D.4 Test specimens . 58
D.5 Test procedure . 58
D.6 Test report . 59
Annex E (normative) Lubricant — Oil separation test . 60
E.1 Scope . 60
E.2 Term and definition . 60
E.3 Principle . 60
E.4 Test equipment . 60
E.5 Sampling . 60
E.6 Test procedure . 60
E.7 Test report . 61
Annex F (normative) Oxidation stability of lubricant . 63
F.1 Scope . 63
F.2 Definition . 63
F.3 Principle . 63
F.4 Test equipment . 63
F.5 Sampling . 64
F.6 Test procedure . 64
F.7 Test report . 66
Annex G (normative) Austenitic steel sheets adhesive — Lap shear test . 69
G.1 Scope . 69
G.2 Principle . 69
G.3 Test equipment . 69
G.4 Test specimen . 69
G.5 Test procedure . 70
G.6 Test report . 70
Annex H (normative) Shear bond test method for bond strength of PTFE/elastomer or
austenitic steel/elastomer interface . 72
H.1 General . 72
H.2 General . 72
H.3 Test methods . 74
Bibliography . 78

European foreword
This document (prEN 1337-2:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 167
“Structural bearings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1337-2:2004.
prEN 1337, Structural bearings, consists of the following 8 Parts:
— Part 1: General;
— Part 2: Sliding elements;
— Part 3: Elastomeric bearings;
— Part 4: Roller bearings;
— Part 5: Pot bearings;
— Part 6: Rocker bearings;
— Part 7: Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings;
— Part 8: Guide bearings and Restraint bearings.
The major technical changes are listed below:
— Complete technical and editorial revision of the document.
— Steel to steel sliding surfaces added to the scope.
— Parts of content from EN 1337-3 and EN 1337-8 were moved to this document.
— It is not possible to list all implemented changes to this edition of EN 1337-2.
1 Scope
This document specifies rules for the design, testing and manufacture of sliding elements which are not
structural bearings but only parts of them for combination with structural bearings as defined in other
parts of this European Standard.
It is applicable to:
— flat and curved sliding elements made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), lubricant and austenitic
steel or chromium plated surfaces or anodized aluminium,
— sliding elements for guides made of PTFE or composite bearing materials, lubricant and austenitic
steel,
— PTFE surfaces with a circumscribing circle diameter of single or multiple PTFE sheets larger than
75 mm and smaller than 1 500 mm,
— PTFE surface temperatures between –35 °C and +50 °C and
— steel to steel sliding surfaces.
Additional requirements for curved sliding elements used in spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings
are covered by prEN 1337-7:2018.
Sliding elements for use as temporary devices during construction, for example during launching of the
superstructure, and sliding elements not permanently in contact, other than guides, are not covered
within this document, because the required performance and conditions may deviate considerably.
This document will be used in conjunction with the relevant parts of this standard series.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 1337-1:2018, Structural bearings — Part 1: General
prEN 1337-3:2018, Structural bearings — Part 3: Elastomeric bearings
prEN 1337-6:2018, Structural bearings — Part 6: Rocker bearings
prEN 1337-7:2018, Structural bearings — Part 7: Spherical and cylindrical PTFE bearings
EN 1706, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Castings — Chemical composition and mechanical
properties
EN 1992-1-1, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 1992-2, Eurocode 2 — Design of concrete structures — Concrete bridges — Design and detailing rules
EN 1993 (all parts), Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
EN 10025 (all parts), Hot rolled products of structural steels
EN 10088 (all parts), Stainless steels
EN ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles (ISO 527-1)
EN ISO 527-3:1995, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 3: Test conditions for films and
sheets (ISO 527-3:1995)
EN ISO 1183 (all parts), Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 2:
Density gradient column method (ISO 1183, all parts)
EN ISO 2039-1, Plastics — Determination of hardness — Part 1: Ball indentation method (ISO 2039-1)
EN ISO 2178, Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates — Measurement of coating thickness -
Magnetic method (ISO 2178)
EN ISO 2360, Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic electrically conductive base metals —
Measurement of coating thickness — Amplitude-sensitive eddy-current method (ISO 2360)
EN ISO 2409, Paints and varnishes — Cross-cut test (ISO 2409)
EN ISO 4287, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms,
definitions and surface texture parameters (ISO 4287)
EN ISO 4288, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture (ISO 4288)
EN ISO 6158, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Electrodeposited coatings of chromium for
engineering purposes (ISO 6158)
EN ISO 6506 (all parts), Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test (ISO 6506, all parts)
EN ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1)
EN ISO 6507-2, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of
testing machines (ISO 6507-2)
EN ISO 7500-1:2015, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing
machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-
measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2015)
ISO 1083, Spheroidal graphite cast iron — Classification
ISO 2137, Petroleum products and lubricants — Determination of cone penetration of lubricating greases
and petrolatum
ISO 2176, Petroleum products — Lubricating grease — Determination of dropping point
ISO 3016, Petroleum products — Determination of pour point
ISO 3755, Cast carbon steels for general engineering purposes
ISO 4587, Adhesives — Determination of tensile lap-shear strength of rigid-to-rigid bonded assemblies
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 1337-1:2018 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
backing plate
metallic component which supports sliding materials
3.1.2
coefficient of friction
ratio of lateral force to the normal force
3.1.3
composite material
sliding material used in guides
3.1.4
guide
sliding element which restrains a sliding bearing from moving in one axis
3.1.5
restraint
sliding element which restrains a sliding bearing from moving in two axis
3.1.6
hard chromium surface
steel backing element plated with a hard chromium layer
3.1.7
lubricant
special grease used to reduce both friction and wear in the sliding surfaces
3.1.8
mating surface
hard smooth metallic surface against which the PTFE or composite materials slide
3.1.9
Polytetrafluoroethylene
PTFE
thermoplastic material used for its low coefficient of friction
3.1.10
sliding surface
combination of a pair of flat or curved surfaces of different materials which allow relative
displacements
3.1.11
sliding materials
materials which form sliding surfaces
3.1.12
sliding element
set of components in structural bearing that allows sliding
3.1.13
base plate
plate that is an integral part of the bearing and forms the main component to which restraints and
guides are attached
3.2 Symbols
3.2.1 Latin upper cases
A contact area 2
mm
E modulus of elasticity MPa
F action; force N; kN
M bending moment kN · m
N axial force; force normal to principal bearing surface N; kN
R Roughness as e.g. R and R μm
a z
S oil separation %
T temperature °C
V transverse or shear force N; kN
W weight g
3.2.2 Latin lower case letters
a smallest dimension of PTFE sheets or minor side of rectangular plates or mm
sheets
b major side of rectangular plates or sheets mm
c clearance between sliding components (difference in width between key and mm
keyway)
d diameter, diagonal, depth mm
e eccentricity mm
f tensile or compressive strength MPa
g gap mm
h protrusion mm
k factor —
l diameter of the circumscribing circle of single or multiple PTFE sheets; length mm
of PTFE or composite materials sheets of guides
m material —
n number of cycles —
s sliding distance mm
t thickness, time mm; s; h
tot total —
u perimeter mm
v sliding speed mm/s
w deformation —
x longitudinal axis —
y transverse axis —
z axis normal to the principle bearing surface —
3.2.3 Greek letters
α angle rad
γ partial factor —
ε elongation %
Δ maximum deviation of flat or curved sliding surfaces from theoretical surface mm
λ ratio, coefficient —
μ coefficient of friction —
v Poisson’s ratio —
ρ mass density 3
kg/m
σ normal pressure MPa
3.2.4 Subscripts
b backing plate
c concrete
CM composite
d design
dyn dynamic
E effect of an action
el Elastomer
f friction
G permanent action
G geometrical
k characteristic
m material, average (mean)
max maximum
min minimum
n cycle number
PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
pl preload
stat static
Q variable action
R resistance
red reduced
S internal forces and moments from actions
s static
t tension
T temperature
u ultimate
x, y, z coordinates
y yield
3.3 Abbreviations
CM Composite Material
PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
NDP Nationally Determined Parameters
4 Types of sliding elements
4.1 General
Sliding elements carry axial loads and accommodate translations and/or rotations (see Figure 1).
a)
b)
c)
Key
1 permanently loaded flat sliding element (with recessed PTFE)
2 guide, not permanently loaded flat sliding element (with recessed PTFE)
3 guide, not permanently loaded flat sliding element (with CM1 or CM2)
Figure 1 — Arrangements of sliding elements
Two types of sliding elements exist:
— Elements permanently loaded;
— Elements not permanently loaded.
4.2 Sliding elements permanently loaded
4.2.1 Flat sliding elements with recessed PTFE
Flat sliding elements shall accommodate translations in the plane of the sliding surface.
The flat sliding elements consist of a layer of virgin PTFE with dimples and lubricant which is lodged in
a recess of a backing plate. The mating surface is given in Table 5.
Details are shown in 6.3.1.
Permanently loaded guides shall be considered as flat sliding elements.
4.2.2 Flat sliding elements with PTFE vulcanised to elastomeric bearings
Flat sliding elements shall accommodate translations in the plane of the sliding surface.
The flat sliding elements consist of a layer of virgin PTFE with or without out dimples, connected to the
elastomer by means of vulcanisation. These sliding elements are only used to accommodate irreversible
movements from creep, shrinkage and settlements.
These sliding surfaces behave like flat sliding surfaces in guides and dimpled surfaces behave like
dimpled surfaces of recessed PTFE. Undimpled PTFE sheets are initially lubricated. The mating surface
is given in Table 5.
4.2.3 Curved sliding elements
Curved sliding elements accommodate rotations about one axis in case of cylindrical surfaces and all
axes in case of spherical bearings.
The curved sliding elements consist of a layer of virgin PTFE with dimples and lubricant which is lodged
in a recess of a backing plate. The mating surfaces are given in Table 5.
4.3 Sliding elements not permanently loaded
The sliding elements not permanently loaded are used in guides to accommodate movements in one or
two directions. Small rotations about the longitudinal axis are accommodated by means of minor
deformations or tilting elements. These sliding elements consist of CM1 or CM2 or recessed undimpled
PTFE initially lubricated.
The mating surfaces are given in Table 5.
Guides may be located internally or externally to the bearing (see Figures 2 and 3). As the contact
surfaces only can transfer loads by means of pressure, internal guides, which have two contact surfaces
can transfer loads in one direction with opposite signs and external guides can transfer a load in one
direction only.
The guide elements made of structural steel shall be monolithic or connected to the bearing using welds
or fitted in recesses and bolted.

a) Internal guide
b) External guides
Key
1 Key
2 Keyway
Figure 2 — Typical examples of bolted keys (guide) arrangement
a)
b)
Key
1 Key
2 Keyway
Figure 3 — Typical examples of welded keys (guide) arrangement
5 Material characteristics
5.1 PTFE
5.1.1 Material specification
The raw material for PTFE sheets shall be virgin pure polytetrafluoroethylene free sintered without
regenerated or filler materials.
5.1.2 Mechanical and physical characteristics
The characteristics of PTFE shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 — Mechanical and physical characteristics of PTFE
Characteristics Testing Standard Requirement
2 140 kg/m ≤ ρ ≤ 2 200 kg/
PTFE
Mass density EN ISO 1183 (all parts)
m
EN ISO 527-1 and
29 MPa ≤ f ≤ 40 MPa
Tensile strength
u,PTFE
EN ISO 527-3
EN ISO 527-1 and
δ ≥ 300 %
Elongation at break
u,PTFE
EN ISO 527-3
23 ≤ HB ≤ 33
Ball hardness EN ISO 2039-1
132/60
The test pieces shall be prepared from fully finished sheets but without dimples. They shall be tested at
23 °C ± 2 °C. The mass density shall be determined on three test pieces.
Tensile strength test and elongation at break shall be conducted on three test pieces type 5 (in
accordance with EN ISO 527-3:1995, Figure 2. The thickness of the test pieces shall be 2,0 mm ± 0,2 mm
and the speed of testing shall be 50 mm/min (speed as defined in EN ISO 527-1).
A total of 10 ball hardness tests shall be conducted using at least three test pieces with a minimum of
three tests per piece; the thickness of the test pieces shall be at least 4,5 mm.
All test pieces shall pass all the tests conducted on them.
In addition the suitability as a sliding material shall be demonstrated by testing in accordance with
Annex C. The friction coefficients given in Tables 10 and 11 shall not be exceeded.
5.2 Composite materials
5.2.1 Composite material CM1
This is a composite material consisting of three layers:
— impregnated and overlaid surface layer with a PTFE/lead mixture which will be in contact with
austenitic steel surface;
— a sintered interlocking porous matrix (bronze interlayer);
— a bronze backing strip.
The material shall conform to the characteristics listed in Table 2.
Table 2 — Characteristics of CM1
Item Description    Unit
material: CuSn 6
Sn  5 to 7,50 %
P ≤ 0,35 %
Pb ≤ 0,10 %
composition by mass Fe ≤ 0,10 %
Bronze backing
Zn + Ni ≤ 0,50 %
strip
others ≤ 0,30 %
remainder Cu   —
thickness   (2,1 ± 0,15) mm
hardness HB – EN ISO 6506
80 to 160 HB
(all parts)
material: CuSn 10
Sn  10 to 12 %
Pb ≤ 1,00 %
P ≤ 0,25 to 0,4 %
composition by mass Si ≤ 0,17 %
Bronze interlayer
Fe ≤ 0,15 %
Ni ≤ 0,15 %
others ≤ 0,50 %
saturation with PTFE – Pb  ≥ 25 %
+0,02
0,25
thickness   mm
0,0
material: PTFE+Pb
composition by mass Pb 49 to 62 %, remainder PTFE
Surface layer
+0,02
thickness   0,01 mm
0,0
total thickness   2,48 ± 0,015 mm
Overlay adhesion EN ISO 2409   minimum GT 2
In addition the suitability as a sliding material shall be demonstrated by testing in accordance with
Annex C. The friction coefficients given in 7.2.3 shall not be exceeded.
5.2.2 Composite material CM2
The material shall consist of a flexible metal mesh which is sintered into a PTFE compound with a filler
content, consisting of glass fibres and graphite. The bearing or sliding surface shall have the thicker
P
...