CEN/TR 15126:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2005
Karakterizacija blata - Dobra praksa za odlaganje blata in ostankov po obdelavi
blata
Characterization of sludges - Good practice for landfilling of sludges and sludge
treatment residues
Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Gute fachliche Praxis bei der Deponierung von
Schlamm und Rückständen aus der Schlammbehandlung
Caractérisation des boues - Bonne pratique pour la mise en décharge des boues et des
résidus de traitement des boues
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15126:2005
ICS:
13.030.20 7HNRþLRGSDGNL%ODWR Liquid wastes. Sludge
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT CEN/TR 15126

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
July 2005
ICS 13.030.20
English Version
Characterization of sludges - Good practice for landfilling of
sludges and sludge treatment residues
Caractérisation des boues - Bonne pratique pour la mise en Charakterisierung von Schlämmen - Gute fachliche Praxis
décharge des boues et des résidus de traitement des bei der Deponierung von Schlamm und Rückständen aus
boues der Schlammbehandlung
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 24 April 2005. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 308.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15126:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

prCEN/TR 15126:2004 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction.4
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations.5
4 Outline of landfill processes.6
4.1 General.6
4.2 Inputs.8
4.2.1 Water.8
4.2.2 Solids.8
4.2.3 Gases.8
4.3 Processes .8
4.3.1 Microbiological activity.8
4.3.2 Solution/precipitation.9
4.3.3 Volatilization.9
4.3.4 Sorption reactions.9
4.3.5 Filtration.9
4.4 Outputs.9
5 Current position and European perspective.12
6 Legislative position.12
7 Economics.13
8 Treatment requirements.13
9 Operational aspects .15
9.1 General.15
9.2 Co-disposal of sludges and baled municipal waste .15
9.3 Co-disposal of sludges and loose municipal waste .16
9.4 Monofills for sludge disposal .18
9.5 Sludge in cover materials .18
9.5.1 Temporary cover .18
9.5.2 Final cover .19
10 Environmental aspects .19
10.1 General.19
10.2 Leachate .19
10.3 Methane generation.20
10.4 Void space and settlement.20
10.5 Other environmental factors.20
10.5.1 Odour.20
10.5.2 Contamination of mobile plant.20
10.5.3 Fire and dust.20
Annex A Current landfill legislation in EU Member States.22
Annex B Composition of leachates.25
Bibliography.27

prCEN/TR 15126:2004 (E)
Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 15126:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 308
“Characterization of sludges”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is voluntarily presented in the form of a CEN Technical Report because most of its content is
not completely in line with practice and regulations in each Member State. This document gives
recommendations for good practice concerning the landfilling of sludges and sludge treatment residues, but
existing national regulations remain in force.

prCEN/TR 15126:2004 (E)
Introduction
All the recommendations in this document constitute a framework within which the landfilling process can be
proposed as a substitute for field spreading, or in addition to specific or combined incinerations, or any other
process.
This document should be read in the context of the requirements of Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of
waste which applies to the landfill of sludge and any other relevant regulations, standards and codes of
practice which may prevail locally within Member States.
prCEN/TR 15126:2004 (E)
1 Scope
This CEN Technical Report gives one of a series of sludge management options and describes good practice
for the disposal of sludges and sludge treatment residues to landfill where national regulations permit.
This document is applicable to the sludges described in the scope of CEN/TC 308, i.e. specifically derived
from:
 storm water handling;
 night soil;
 urban wastewater collecting systems;
 urban wastewater treatment plants;
 treating industrial wastewater similar to urban wastewater (as defined in Directive 91/271/EEC);
 water supply treatment plants;
 water distribution systems;
but excluding hazardous sludges from industry.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1085:1997, Waste water treatment – Vocabulary
EN 12832:1999, Characterisation of sludges – Utilization and disposal of sludges – Vocabulary
EN 13965-1:2004, Characterization of waste – Terminology – Part 1: Materials related terms and definitions
EN 13965-2:2004, Characterization of waste – Terminology – Part 2: Management related terms and
definitions
CR 13714, Characterisation of sludges – Sludge management in relation to use or disposal

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12832:1999, EN 1085:1997,
EN 13965-1:2004, EN 13965-2:2004 and also in the following Directives apply:
Directive 91/271/EC concerning urban wastewater treatment
Directive 75/442/EC the waste framework directive as amended by Directive 91/156/EC
Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste.
Directive 2001/77/EC on renewable energy.
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For the understanding of this document, these abbreviated terms apply:
BIO: Biomass
BOD: Biological Oxygen Demand
COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand
CSO: Chemically Stabilized Organic
DPM: Decomposable Plant Material
MSW: Municipal Solid Waste
PSO: Physically Stabilized Organic
RPM: Resistant Plant Material
TOC: Total Organic Carbon
VFA: Volatile Fatty Acids
WWTP:
4 Outline of landfill processes
4.1 General
The landfill processes which are of importance for understanding the potential for controlling waste
stabilization are the physical, chemical and microbial activities which lead to the modification of waste, from
often complex substances with significant pollution potential to simpler compounds which can be
environmentally benign. In the case of a landfill containing degradable waste, the principal processes of
interest are those which lead to the breakdown of complex organic compounds found in the putrescible
fraction of non-inert waste, and the influence of the by-products of degradation on the mobility and availability
of other compounds and elements. At a simple conceptual level, a landfill can be viewed as a reactor vessel in
which solid, water and gaseous inputs are subject to a variety of processes which produce solid, liquid and
gaseous waste products. The reactor model for landfill processes is shown schematically in Figure 1, with the
inputs, processes and outputs summarized briefly below.

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Figure 1 - Schematic representation of landfill processes
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4.2 Inputs
4.2.1 Water
The principal water input at modern, managed, cellular landfill sites is rainfall which can gain direct access to
waste during the filling phase for each cell and indirectly by percolation through capping and restoration layers
after each cell is finished. Solid waste contains absorbed water and mixed household waste typically carries
about 25 % water on a wet mass basis. Sludges contain about 10 % to 95 % water according to the extent of
dewatering and drying treatment they have received (for information concerning national regulations about the
water content, see Annex A).
4.2.2 Solids
Sludge, household waste and to a lesser extent commercial and industrial waste, contain putrescible materials
which degrade within the landfill environment, giving rise to potentially polluting liquid and gaseous products.
The process of degradation can create conditions in which other, non-organic compounds can pass into
solution or enter a gaseous phase. About 20 % of household waste is rapidly biodegradable (putrescible) and
a further 30 % more slowly degradable (cellulosic materials such as paper). In the case of sludge, about 30 %
is rapidly biodegradable, 40 % progressively more slowly degradable and the remaining 30 % is
non-degradable, inorganic ash. Articles
...