EN 15239:2007

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ventilation for buildings - Energy performance of buildings - Guidelines for inspection of ventilation systemsRUVentilation des bâtiments - Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Lignes directrices pour l'inspection des systemes de ventilationLüftung von Gebäuden - Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Leitlinien für die Inspektion von LüftungsanlagenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15239:2007SIST EN 15239:2007en;de91.140.30VLVWHPLVentilation and air-conditioningICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15239:200701-julij-2007

EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15239May 2007ICS 91.140.30 English VersionVentilation for buildings - Energy performance of buildings -Guidelines for inspection of ventilation systemsVentilation des bâtiments - Performance énergétique desbâtiments - Lignes directrices pour l'inspection dessystèmes de ventilationLüftung von Gebäuden - Gesamtenergieeffizienz vonGebäuden - Leitlinien für die Inspektion vonLüftungsanlagenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 March 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15239:2007: E

This standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overview of the whole set of standards is given in CEN/TR 15615, Explanation of the general relationship between various CEN standards and the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) ("Umbrella document"). Attention is drawn to the need for observance of all relevant EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements.
Existing national regulations with or without reference to national standards, may restrict for the time being the implementation of the European Standards mentioned in this report. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

The possibility to introduce classes is given in this standard in order to leave Member States freedom to choose between different objectives and extent of inspection, within a harmonised framework. All inspection activities undertaken should be subject to compliance with all health and safety requirements for the persons involved. This standard also complements EN 15240 concerning the inspection of air conditioning systems for the inspection of the ventilation part that is to be performed in relation to 4.2 dealing with mechanical exhaust and/or supply ventilation systems.

This standard applies to both residential and non residential buildings. The inspection may include the following issues, in order to determine the energy performance of the building and its associated mechanical / electrical plant:  The system conformity related to the original and subsequent design modifications, actual requirements and the present building state.  Correct operation of the mechanical, electrical or pneumatic components.  Provision of an adequate and pure supply of ventilation air.  The functioning of all the controls involved.  Fan power absorbed and specific fan power.  Building air tightness. It is not the intention of the standard to provide a full ventilation system audit. Its purpose is to assess its functioning and its impact on energy consumption. It includes recommendations on possible system improvements.
NOTE The inspection, performed by an independent person to assess the system performance relating to energy consumption, is different from the maintenance that is performed to the owner’s requirements to maintain the optimum system performance.
2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12097, Ventilation for Buildings — Ductwork — Requirements for ductwork components to facilitate maintenance of ductwork systems EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings — Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12792:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 centralised ventilation ventilation of a space or spaces within a building by means of supply ductwork, extract ductwork or a combination of both, from a centralized plant room

3.3 local ventilation ventilation of a set area of a space by means of supply ductwork, extract ductwork or a combination of both NOTE Local ventilation can also be achieved by means of natural wall or roof inlets or outlets or by mechanical means by a fan or fans in the perimeter wall, internal wall, or roof. 3.4 assumptions set of descriptions to be considered by the person in charge of the inspection, if the actual requirements are difficult to identify in the analysis 3.5 building system control measures taken in ensuring the system operates in accordance with the specified conditions 3.6 commissioning sequence of events necessary to ensure the building and its associated heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems are functioning in accordance with the design parameters 3.7
design criteria set of descriptions based on a particular environmental element such as indoor air quality, thermal, acoustical, and visual comfort, energy efficiency and the associated system controls to be used for assessing the plant operation 3.8 control parameters set values of the internal environmental conditions related to the external conditions 3.9 design documentation written description of the essential design elements of the plant 3.10 self regulating valve
terminal component (for example: self adjustable air transfer device) or aerodynamic ductwork (for example: regulator of flow rate) allowing to insure a constant flow rate on a pressure operating range in NOTE Some valves are designed with two flow rates (a nominal flow rate and a reduced nominal flow rate).

4.1 Pre –inspection and documents collection To prepare a site survey for the inspection of a ventilation system and to provide the best available information regarding the building and its use, the following information is required:  Last available design documents, giving the internal and external temperatures and design occupancy, heat gains and losses.  Information regarding the areas to be ventilated naturally, mechanically, heated or humidified.  Information regarding building use, occupancy and frequency of occupation in comparison to the notice of the manufacturer and model (type) of the ventilation system.  System manufacturer and model (type).  Rated operating pressure.  Rated operating temperatures.  Working hours.  Air volume rates (supply and extract).  Areas / volumes supplied.  Technical drawings or schematics of the mechanical ventilation system.  Copies of any log book documentation of Air Handling Unit (AHU) from the servicing organisation.  If a building management system is installed, information regarding the equipment and controlled systems is to be supplied.  Copies of commissioning reports and the last inspection report.  Records on maintenance of air supply systems, including filter cleaning and exchange and cleaning of the heat exchangers. In the case of no available documents, the minimum information regarding the ventilation shall be provided. NOTE An example of information list is given in Annex A. 4.2 Methodology of inspection on site 4.2.1 General approach 4.2.1.1 General There are considerable variations in the design and construction of installations and buildings. Each ventilation performance check shall therefore be adapted as far as possible for the individual building. However, the following points shall always be included in a ventilation performance check. The number of measurements and sampling shall be noted in the test report.

NOTE 1 Annex G gives examples of criteria that can be used for classes definitions. NOTE 2 Annex H gives examples of inspection extent for different parts of a ventilation system according to three different classes.
4.2.1.2 Operation and maintenance instructions Depending on the different types of ventilation systems the operation and maintenance instructions shall be available. 4.2.1.3 Air change In natural ventilation system air flow varies considerably in relation to temperature difference, wind conditions and a combination of both. It is therefore of little interest to measure the flow of air in a naturally ventilated building. It shall be sufficient to enquire about the systems design and whether alterations have been made which may have resulted in any adverse changes in air flow. It is important to check that ducts and exhaust air terminal units are not clogged.
The same applies for exhaust air systems, it is also important to determine how the outside air supply system operates. 4.2.1.4 Humidity Particular attention shall be given to the ventilation of areas that have high moisture load. NOTE The people in charge of the inspection should bear in mind the implication that increased humidity conditions result in an increase of bacteria, mould and fungi. These break down organic material as well as creating odours which have an adverse effect on the indoor environment. Living and hygienic routines are of concern with regard to the indoor air humidity. This influences the ventilation requirements.
4.2.1.5 Fans and air handling units A ventilation performance check shall commence by verifying the correct performance and operation of the air handling unit’s components in accordance with inspection details. These details can refer to fans, pumps, filters and dampers. Visual checks of air tightness and cleanliness shall also be made. 4.2.1.6 Recirculated air Check damper and control of dampers for recirculated air, and filters. NOTE See EN 13779 for further guidance on air recirculation. 4.2.1.7 Measurement methods When checking the performance of different parts of a ventilation system, the measurement methods employed will assist subsequent follow-ups. To make this possible, the instructions for each measurement method shall be followed and, instruments for the measurements be calibrated. In buildings with balanced ventilation, both supply and exhaust air flows shall be measured to ensure all components in the ventilation system are covered. The method of selection shall be documented.

Gas emission from surroundings For specific ventilation systems for the reduction in the concentration of specific gas e.g. radon within the space, the person in charge of inspection shall note if they are operating.
4.2.1.8.3 Noise/Vibration In the cases where the ventilation system is considered to be producing discomforting noise or shows poor acoustic insulation, the system shall be checked in order to determine the causes, against the documents used for the inspection purposes. The attenuator (position, condition of baffles, fouling…), fan speed, damper angles, grille positions and anti vibration devices shall be checked. For excessive vibration, investigate fan bearings, and the condition of anti vibration mountings etc. 4.2.1.8.4 Deposits in ventilation ductwork During inspection some advice can be given regarding cleaning of exhaust and supply systems to ensure a good air quality. In the inspection report the apparent cleanliness or otherwise of the ductwork and ventilation system components shall be noted. NOTE Deposits in ventilation duct work could represent a hygienic risk, reduce the air flow capacity, influence the fan performance and reduce heat recovery. Efficient filtration and the associated maintenance of filters protect the duct work and other components such as heat exchangers from the build up of unwanted deposits.
The views of the occupants and of the facilities manager should also be taken into account. 4.2.2 Mechanical exhaust and/or supply systems 4.2.2.1 General The inspection shall begin with the analysis of the documents listed in 4.1, describing the installation and its operating .requirements.

The person in charge of the inspection shall note, from visual observations where possible, the standard and integrity of the ductwork. These observations shall include such factors as:
 Air tightness, regarding standard of the junctions (standard of adhesive tape, mastic, joints etc);  Quality of the duct insulation: type of insulation, quality of the insulation surface, correct installation of the insulation over duct connections, insulation air-tightness, degradation, whether the insulation is wet;  Cleanliness and
ease of access
to different areas for maintenance and cleaning (EN 12097);  Design mistakes : critical points
for pressure drop. NOTE The comparison of ductwork layout with the plans, including dimensions, commenting on any significant differences may also be checked. Others aspects that can be addressed are: - Standard of the fixing methods and associated supports; - Critical points for noise generation; - Type of ductwork galvanised, fibre, flexible. 4.2.2.2.2 Air handling unit or fan The following points shall be checked:  Agreement with the designed specifications and that actually installed;  Provision and availability of a comprehensive log book for maintenance requirements;  Ease of access to the unit and
the freedom available for adjustment, maintenance and cleaning (access openings EN 12097);  Presence of flexible connections with the ductwork to reduce rigid ductwork vibration transmission;  If necessary, anti vibrating supports and a base to reduce vibration transmission;  Condition of the fan belt if applicable (alignment, tension and wear);  Quality of the electrical supply connections: conditions of cables, and the standard of the manufacturers instructions;  Existence and condition of the air filter sections and agreement with the design requirements;  Existence and condition of heat exchangers and heat recovery sections;  Existence, condition and control set point of the pre-heating system;  Existence, condition, and control set point of the humidification system.

To check correct functioning of air inlets and outlets the followings aspects shall be addressed:  Number and dimensions of air inlet/exhaust installed considering the air flow rate required, and agreement with the design characteristics;  Relative positioning of the inlets and outlets to avoid short circuit flows and the resulting poor ventilation efficiency;  Good conditions of connections between the exhausts/supply devices and the ductwork, (no leackage) and the ease of removing these devices for cleaning;  For exhaust ventilation: free area for air inlets located at windows, walls, roof or ceiling. NOTE Other aspects that can be addressed are: - Noise generation due to air leakage, excessive air velocity, or aerodynamic factors in ductwork; - Occurrence of draught in the room when the installation is running; - If demand control systems are installed: correct positioning and if they are in working conditions; - Status of the air tightness of external doors and windows; - Air transfer using smoke tubes or pellets in the case of separation requirement between the air of different zones. 4.2.2.2.4 Controls and settings An important point to consider on energy savings is the agreement between the periods of use of the buildings and the running periods of the ventilation system. An important potential energy saving is possible depending on these issues. The person in charge of the inspection shall note, where possible, the settings of control that limit the operation of the ventilation systems, and compare these with the periods when the building is in use. 4.2.2.3 Measurements 4.2.2.3.1 Air handling unit The following points shall be checked by measurements depending on the ventilation system: Table 1 - Measurements to perform for air handling units Centralised ventilation Local ventilation total air flow rate extracted or supplied specific air flow rate extracted or supplied electrical power consumed electrical power consumed pressure before and after the unit and the filter

 Discharge height and cross section area of the ducts installed for exhausts in order to ensure the correct air flow rate;  Dimensioning and cleanliness of cowls;  Possibility of the removal of the air inlets / exhausts for cleaning;  Possibility to access inside the ducts for cleaning. Cleaning openings according to EN 12097 recommendations;  Presence and correct dimensioning of passages to allow air circulation between different rooms. 4.2.4 Hybrid ventilation Inspection of this type of system shall include the visual points listed in 4.2.2 and 4.2.3 and the measurements listed in 4.2.2.3 when possible, and check the correct functioning of the system (on/off) if possible. 4.3 Report of analysis A report on the results of checking the performance of a ventilation system shall be drawn up and signed by the person responsible for the inspection. There are two parts of the report:
1 It is essential to consider the assumptions made for the outside conditions for the system design.

 Section giving the adjustments to be made to ensure that it agrees with the design ie correct levels of thermal comfort, IAQ and energy usage;
 Section giving proposals to improve the results in terms of energy impact, including the economic justification of choices.
Examples for the content of improvements are given in Annex J.

Year:
Area [m2]
Area ventilated [m2]
Volume ventilated [m3]
Use:
Occupancy:
Operating hours:
Total amount of AHU:
Total fresh air volume:
Datasheet AHU (each)
Project:
Inspection:
Date:
Project-No.:
Time:
amb
[°C] indoor/outdoor
ϕamb
[%] indoor/outdoor
Unit:
Location:
Motor- / Fan Data:
Supply
quantity fans: 1
/ 2
Exhaust/Return
quantity fans: 1
/ 2
Motor: Inverter drive yes , no
Motor: Inverter drive yes , no
Make:
Make:
Type:
Type:
P: [kW] /
/ P: [kW] /
/ I [A] /
/ I [A] /
/ N: r.s-1 /
/ N:
r.s- /
/ Fan:
Fan:
Make:
Make:
Type:
Type:
P Fan: [kW] P Fan: [kW] Air volume flow l.s-1 or m3.s-1
Air volume flow l.s-1 or m3.s-1
] ∆ptot: [Pa] ∆ptot: [Pa] SFP kW.m -3.s-1 SFP kW.m -3.s-1

Commissioning summer / winter Actual summer / winter qvl.s-1 or m3s-1]
supply [°C] / / ϕsupply [%] / / ∆psupply [Pa]
return
[°C]
ϕreturn
[%]
∆preturn [Pa]
Operating hours: I II III
Design of AHU:
Capacity design data Setpoints Fresh air damper: yes
/ no
%
min
% max
Return air damper: yes
/ no
%
min
% max
Exhaust air damper: yes
/ no
%
min
% max
Filter – fresh air yes
/ no
Pa min
Pa max
Filter – supply air yes
/ no
Pa min
Pa max
Filter – return air yes
/ no
Pa min
Pa max
Fan.Damper: yes
/ no
%
min
% max
Heat recovery: yes
/ no
kW
Preheater yes
/ no
kW
Humidifier
steam: yes
/ no
g/kg
Humidifier r adiabatic yes
/ no
g/kg
Afterheater yes
/ no
kW
Schematic AHU:
Remarks:
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Figure A1 - Description form

Btax cat(1-5)B2Fan typeInst. yearPlacing Proj. flowMeasured Flow1234567B31PosOutcome1.11.21.31.41.522.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.92.1033.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.93.1044.14.24.34.44.54.65Improvements6QuantityFunctionsREPORTVENTILATION INSPECTIONSystem nr.Internal building identifierProperty identifier/Construktion nrDuctsControl/Regulation/SupervisionFansAirflowsFilter partBatteriesDamperRecuperatorUser aspectsDiffuser/GrilleOdourSystem adherenceDraftExisting installationsExtended checklistOtherTemperatureSoundClimateAssignmentAppendicesOtherControl of own systemReinspectionExtended controlRemarks app.Airflow protocolDrawingsSuggest. changesNew installationsDate of inspectionSignatureContaminationsDrawingsOperation/service instructionFan partDuctsRecuperatorOtheroutdoor air ductsFilter partBatteriesDiffuser/GrilleCleansing possibilitiesFan facilitiesOtherPrevious inspection reportProj. values/airflow protocolBL B1 utg 91109B1Remarks/faultsPlansDeviceType of system (N, E, ES, ESR)Serves Figure B.1 - Data sheet report

Total ventilation (centralised ventilation)
Specific ventilation Residential buildings Each
room of one flat over 10 Each
room of one flat over 10 Dwellings Each
room Each
room Non residential buildings At least 10 % of the ventilated rooms, for each category of air handling unit type At least 10 % of the ventilated rooms, for each category of air handling unit type

The inspection frequency is 5 years for all the systems and the components.
Inspection including the buildings changes is recommended every 10 years.
The health aspects might influence the energy performance, of mechanically ventilated supply; therefore inspection should focus on maintenance periods for: - filters; - heat exchangers; - sensors / controls where they are used.
For filters, heat exchangers and sensors/controls, a certification or a technical agreement, should give an advice on the maintenance period.

The air distribution patterns produced within the space must ensure good air distribution over the whole of the occupied zone. For application in existing buildings, it is relevant to make a distinction between the parameters related to design, installation, control, maintenance and any change in building design or use. E.2 Uncontrolled ventilation due to air leakage The air infiltration through building (air leakage) increases when outdoor temperature is low (Stack effect) and with high wind speeds (Wind Effect) and a combination of both.
This can lead to high energy penalties with a limited impact on indoor air quality (for non residential building for example, the air flow due to outdoor temperature will increase at night when the building is not occupied). It shall therefore be reduced to a low a figure as possible. E.3 Windows opening
Two situations may occur depending on the existence or not of dedicated ventilation system: a) if there is a specific ventilation system, window opening shall be considered as a waste of energy as IAQ is already taken into account b) if window airing is the only way of ventilation (depending on national regulations) the energy waste depends on occupant behaviour. Windows automation, or for non residential buildings closing windows during unoccupied period, are methods of reducing the energy penalty. This reduction of energy penalty may be against indoor air quality. Windows automation should then be required to allow automatic aperture before and after occupied periods. In any case during aperture of windows heating and air conditioning should be automatically switched off.

For each room, the aim is to provide either supply or extract, or a combination of both to ensure that the requirements of the health regulations are met. Any excess over this requirement will result in energy waste.
"Wasted” air flow is related to
 Greater airflow than necessary.
 For non residential buildings, airflow maintained during non operational hours (control). Allowance must be made for building and furnishing material emission, a minimum ventilation rate shall nevertheless be maintained, or ventilation restarted one or two hours before occupancy commences, and continues operating after staff leave the building for a pre determined time.
This procedure continues until predetermined level of the pollutants according to national/local standard is achieved.
 Occupancy less than planned (change in building use) will allow a reduction in the required air flow rates (Input or extract), if ventilation effectiveness and humidity conditions allow.
For existing buildings, the main issues are the control and the impact that any change in building use may have. Further reduction can be achieved by demand control ventilation (DCV). E.5 Ducting The energy impact of ductwork is due to air leakage inwards or outwards, thermal gains and losses and pressure drop. The impact of ductwork air leakages on air flows may be calculated according to EN 15242.
Reduction in air flow occurs with:  Duct surface area (design).  Pressure losses or gains between the inside and outside of the duct (design).  Duct leakage due to (product + degradation + mechanical damage).  Connection air tightness (product + installation + dilapidation). For existing buildings, the main points to consider are the connections, and ductwork ageing. For heat losses / gains (in systems where ductwork passes through cold or hot areas) thermal insulation is required. The main factor is related to heat losses from preheated air flowing in ductwork located outdoors or in unheated areas of the building.
Heat losses increase with:  Duct surface area (design).

The energy required to move the air along a run of ductwork increases with
 Air flow (design).  Use of fan: mechanical exhaust only, balanced ….(design).  Low Fan efficiency (product).  Pressure drop (design + maintenance) (ductwork undersized, poor fitting design incorrect use of dampers etc).  Duration of use (control).  Leakage. For existing building, the main issue is related to the period of use in providing/exhausting air from the rooms with due consideration to the increase of pressure drop due to fouling of filters or ducts. For variable air volume system, the fan energy use can vary considerably depending on the method of flow control.
Heating the air  Heat exchanger (design + product + control)  Preheating (design + control)  By the use of outdoor air only  Humidifying (design + control)

Humidification of the air shall be kept to a minimum as defined in the design documents.
NOTE Some processes or storage requirements may require higher levels of moisture in the air, while very low levels will result in static electricity problems. Natural precooling shall be controlled to lower the rate of dehumidification.
If possible, the heat exchanger shall be isolated (or bypassed) function of the need of cooling or heating. Free cooling shall be used whenever the external temperature is favourable.

apertures, simple grilles, no moving part) nevertheless; it is very sensitive to any change in the design (some grilles may be tapped for instance, or the window changed) or to improved
air tightness. Conversely, an exhaust and supply with heat recovery system is susceptible to fouling and ageing but less to any change of the building (provided the changes improve the air tightness which is the general case). The system components are not as critical when changed due to the improved thermal comfort they provide. Mechanical exhaust / supply are usually less sensitive (fouling may be an issue). With any type of control used (automatic or manual) the risk increases. Some system may provide self default detection, or issue a diagnostic, a monthly or, annual, report, shall be taken into account in determining the actual frequency. Table F.1 - Parameters influencing inspection frequency
natural Mechanical exhaust Mechanical supply Heat recovery Controls Building XX - - X - Ageing (moving parts) - X X - - Fouling (grilles) X X X X - Fouling (other) - - X XX X Drift - - - - X (XX) Modification / change XX X - - -
Depending on building type and on the method of ventilation the proportion of units to be tested shall be defined as follows:

Centralised ventilation Local ventilation residential multifamily dwellings Every unit Every unit of 1 flat over 10 single family dwelling/individual house Every unit Every unit Non residential buildings Every unit At least one unit in each category used

No. Text Details C B A
BUILDING
B.1 Address …………………………………………. x x x B.2 Location ………………………………………… x x x B.3 User name …………………………………………. x x x B.4 User address …………………………………………. x x x B.5 Responsible person …………………………………………. x x x B.6 Building / zone type space
O
office
O
hotel
O
factory
O
service appliances
O
…………………………………………………………………………………… x x x B.7
Date erection …………changes ………….
x x B.8 Relevant changes building ………………………………………….
B.9 Usage
resid
...