EN ISO 604:1996

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 604:2000
01-maj-2000
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþDQMHWODþQLKODVWQRVWL,62
Plastics - Determination of compressive properties (ISO 604:1993)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung von Druckeigenschaften (ISO 604:1993)
Plastiques - Détermination des propriétés en compression (ISO 604:1993)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 604:1996
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO 604:2000 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
IS0
INTERNATIONAL
604
STANDARD
Second edition
1993-06-15
Plastics - Determination of compressive
properties
P/as tiques - D6termina tion des proprik t& en compression
Reference number
IS0 604:1993(E)

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 604 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISOnC 61, Plastics, Sub-Committee SC 2, Mechanical properties.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS0 604:1973),
which has been improved with respect to the following points:
- introduction of the compressive modulus;
- simplification with respect to the buckling limit;
- introduction of preferred specimen types, which relate to the
multipurpose test specimen according to IS0 3167;
- introduction of three preferred testing speeds, for measuring the
modulus and for testing brittle and tough materials respectively.
An nex A forms an inte gral part of this Inter ‘nation al Standard. Annex B is
for information only.
0 IS0 1993
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without per-
mission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
II

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
IS0 604:1993(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics - Determination of compressive properties
1.5 The method specifies preferred dimensions for
1 Scope
the test specimen. Tests which are carried out on
specimens of different dimensions, or on specimens
1.1 This International Standard specifies a method
which are prepared under different conditions, may
for determining the compressive properties of plastics
produce results which are not comparable. Other fac-
under defined conditions. A standard test specimen
tors, such as the speed of testing and the conditioning
is defined and its length is adjusted to prevent
of the specimens, can also influence the results.
buckling under load from affecting the results. A range
Consequently, when comparative data are required,
of testing speeds is included.
these factors should be carefully controlled and re-
corded.
1.2 The method is used to investigate the com-
pressive behaviour of the test specimens and for de-
termining the compressive strength, compressive
modulus and other aspects of the compressive
stress/strain relationship under the conditions de-
2 Normative references
fined.
The following standards contain provisions which,
1.3 The method applies to the following range of through reference in this text, constitute provisions
materials: of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards
- rigid and semirigid thermoplastics moulding and are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
extrusion materials, including compounds filled based on this International Standard are encouraged
to investigate the possibility of applying the most re-
and reinforced by e.g. short fibres, small rods,
plates or granules in addition to unfilled types; rigid cent editions of the standards indicated below.
and semirigid thermoplastic sheet; Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur-
rently valid International Standards.
- rigid and semirigid thermoset moulding materials,
Standard atmospheres for
including filled and reinforced compounds; rigid IS0 291:1977, Plastics -
and semirigid thermoset sheet; conditioning and testing.
Compression moulding test
- thermotropic liquid crystal polymers. IS0 293:1986, Plastics -
specimens of thermoplastic materials.
The method is not normally suitable for use with ma-
terials reinforced by textile fibres, rigid cellular mate-
IS0 294: -l), Plastics - Injection moulding of test
rials and sandwich structures containing cellular
specimens of thermoplastic materials.
material.
IS0 295:1991, Plastics - Compression moulding of
test specimens of thermosetting materials.
1.4 The method is performed using specimens
which may be either moulded to the chosen dimen-
sions, machined from the central portion of the stan- IS0 472:1988, Plastics - Vocabulary.
dard multipurpose test specimen (see IS0 3167) or
machined from finished and semifinished products IS0 1268:1974, Plastics - Preparation of glass fibre
such as mouldings, laminates and extruded or cast reinforced, resin bonded, lo w-pressure laminated
sheet. plates or panels for test purposes.
1) To be published. (Revision of IS0 294:1975)

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
IS0 604:1993(E)
IS0 2602:1980, Statistical interpretation of test re- The compressive stress at x % strain may be meas-
sults - Estimation of the mean - Confidence ured, e.g., if the stress/strain curve does not exhibit
interval. a yield point (see figure 1, curve b, and note 3). In this
case, x shall be taken from the relevant product stan-
IS0 2818: -*), Plastics - Preparation of test speci- dard or agreed upon by the interested parties. How-
mens by machining. ever, in any case, x must be lower than the strain at
compressive strength.
IS0 3167: 1993, Plastics - Multipurpose test speci-
mens.
4.4 compressive strain, E: Decrease in length per
IS0 5893:1985, Rubber and plastics test equipment
unit original length of the gauge Lo [see 8.2, equation
- Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant
(3) and note 31.
rate of traverse) - Description.
It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio or percentage
Oo .
(0
3 Principle
The test specimen is compressed along its major axis
at constant speed until the specimen fractures or until
4.5 nominal compressive strain, Q: Decrease in
the load or the decrease in length reaches a pre-
length per unit original length I of the test specimen
determined value. The load sustained by the speci-
[see 8.2, equation (4)].
men is measured during this procedure.
It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio and may be
specified directly or as a percentage of the initial
4 Definitions
length.
For the purposes of this International Standard, the
following definitions apply (see also figure I): 4.51 nominal compressive yield strain, E,+ Strain
corresponding to the compressive yield stress oY (see
4.1 gauge length, L,: Initial distance between the
4.3.1).
gauge marks on the test specimen.
4.5.2 nominal compressive strain at compressive
It is expressed in millimetres (mm).
Strain corresponding to the com-
strength, &&
pressive strength aM (see 4.3.2).
4.2 speed of testing, V: Rate of approach of the
plates of the testing machine during the test.
4.5.3 nominal compressive strain at break, &&
It is expressed in millimetres per minute (mm/min).
Strain at break of the test specimen.
4.3 compressive stress, 0 (engineering): Com-
4.6 compressive modulus, E,: Ratio of the stress
pressive load, per unit area of original cross-section,
difference (g2 - a,) to the corresponding strain differ-
carried by the test specimen (see note 3).
ence values (E* = 0,002 5 minus g1 = 0,000 5) [see
8.3, equation (7)].
It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).
It is expressed in megapascals, MPa.
4.3.1 compressive stress at yield, ay: First stress
at which an increase in strain (see 4.4) occurs without
NOTES
an increase in stress; may be less than the maximum
attainable stress (see figure 1, curve a, and note 3).
calculated on the basis of
The compression modulus is
e 4.4).
the compressive strai n E only (se
4.3.2 compressive strength, aM: Maximum com-
2 With computer-aided equipment, the determination of
pressive stress sustained by the test specimen during
the modulus EC using two distinct stress/strain points may
a compressive test (see figure 1 and note 3).
be replaced by a linear regression procedure applied on the
part of the curve between these mentioned points.
4.3.3 compressive stress at break (rupture), ag:
Compressive stress at break of the test specimen
3 In compression tests the stresses 0 and strains E are
(see figure 1 and note 3).
negative. The negative sign, however, is generally omitted.
If this generates confusion, e.g. in comparing tensile and
4.3.4 compressive stress at x % strain, ox: Stress
compressive properties, the negative sign may be added for
at which the strain reaches a specified value of x %
the latter. This unnecessary for the nominal compressive
(see 4.5). strains E,.
2) To be published. (Revision of IS0 2818:1980)

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
IS0 604:1993(E)
b
EC -
Figure 1 - Typical stress/strain curves
value with an accuracy of + - 1 % or better of the rel-
5 Apparatus
evant value.
5.1 Testing machine
5.1.3 Deformation indicator, suitable for determin-
ing the change in length of the appropriate part of the
The testing machine shall be power-driven and ca
test specimen. If compressive strain E is to be meas-
Pa-
ble of maintaining the appropriate speed of testing as
ured (preferred), then this length is the gauge length;
specified in 7.5. The machine shall satisfy the car Tdi-
otherwise, for nominal compressive strain E,, it is the
tions given in ISO 5893. The testing machine shall be
distance between the contact surfaces of the com-
equipped with the devices described in 5.1 .I to
pression tool. It is desirable, but not essential, that
5.1.3.
this instrument automatically records this distance.
This instrument shall be essentially free of inertia lag
at the specified testing speed and shall be accurate
51.1 Compression tool, of hardened steel com-
to + 1 % or better of the relevant value.
-
pression plates, for applying the deformation to the
test specimen, so constructed that the load carried
When a deformation indicator is attached to the test
by the specimen is axial within I:1 000 and transmit-
specimen, care shall be taken to ensure that any dis-
ted through polished surfaces which are flat within
tortion of or damage to the test specimen is minimal.
0,025 mm and parallel to each other in a plane normal
It is also essential that there is no slippage between
to the loading axis.
the deformation indicator and the test specimen.
NOTE 4 A self-aligning device may be used where re-
quired.
5.2 Devices for measuring the dimensions
of the test specimens
5.1.2 Load indicator, capable of showing the total
compressive load carried by the test specimen. The 5.2.1 For rigid materials, use a micrometer or equiv-
mechanism shall be essentially free of inertia lag at alent, reading to at least 0,Ol mm, for measuring the
the specified testing speed and shall indicate the load thickness, width and length.

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SIST EN ISO 604:2000
IS0 604:1993(E)
5.2.2 For semirigid materials, use a micrometer or 7 Equation (1) is based upon the linear stress/strain be-
haviour of the material under test. Values of E: two to three
equivalent, reading to at least 0,Ol mm and provided
times higher than the maximum strain used in the test
with a flat circular foot which applies a pressure of
should be chosen with increasing compressive strain and
20 kPa rf: 3 kPa, for measuring thickness.
ductility of the material.
6 Test specimens
6.3 Preferred test specimens
6.1 Preparation
The preferred dimensions for test specimens are
given in table 1.
Prepare test specimens in accordance with the re-
quirements of the International Standard for the ma-
Table 1 - Dimensions of preferred specimen
terial concerned. In the absence of such
requirements, the most appropriate method taken
types
Dimensions in millimetres
from the list of International Standards in clause 2
.
shall be used, unless otherwise agreed by the inter-
Type Measurement Length, I Width, b Thickness, h
ested parties.
I
A modulus 50 * 2
All surfaces of the test specimens shall be free from
’ 10*0,2 4,0 f 0,2
visible flaws, scratches and other imperfections that
B strength 10 ‘;
are likely to influence the results.
6.2 Shape Preferably the specimens are to be cut from a multi-
purpose test specimen (see IS0 3167).
The test specimen shall be in the shape of a right
NOTE 8 Annex A details two types of small test speci-
prism, cylinder or tube. All machining operations shall
men for use when, for reasons of lack of material or geo-
be carried out carefully so that smooth surf
...