Abstract

This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction plant.
NOTE          It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas.
This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including:
—     drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells;
—     gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any);
—     gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet valve of LNG liquefaction plant.
This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to, domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to each product.
This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage.
This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. Gases covered include CO2, CH4, N2O and fluorinated gases.
This document does not cover compensation.
This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions.
This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.

Status
Published
Publication Date
21-Jul-2026
Current Stage
6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
Start Date
22-Jul-2026
Due Date
19-Aug-2028
Completion Date
22-Jul-2026

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EN ISO 6338-2:2026

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EN ISO 6338-2:2026 is the CEN adoption of ISO 6338-2:2024 for calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production, gas processing and transport to an LNG liquefaction plant. It specifies a method for upstream liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain emissions from onshore or offshore facilities, including how to build the inventory, allocate shared-process emissions and report results. The document is for operators and organizations that control or report emissions from natural gas supply systems feeding LNG plants.

What does EN ISO 6338-2:2026 specify?

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 specifies the method for GHG calculations in the part of the LNG chain that covers natural gas production and transport to the LNG plant. The scope includes drilling and production wells, gathering systems, processing facilities, compression and pipelines up to the inlet valve of the LNG liquefaction plant.

The document also applies to other gases such as biogas and non-traditional natural gas types. It covers facilities that produce other products, such as domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur and power export, when emissions must be allocated across products.

The document is organized into clauses 1 to 9: scope, normative references, terms and definitions, principles, inventory boundaries, quantification, quality management, reporting and independent review. Its scope focuses on facilities “under operation”, including commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset, while excluding exploration, construction, decommissioning, vegetation coverage losses and compensation.

What are the key requirements of EN ISO 6338-2:2026?

Define the boundary and the responsible organization

  • Clause 5 requires the GHG report to cover the facilities associated with producing LNG feed gas, and Table 1 gives the main in-scope and out-of-scope facility types. In practice, the user must decide which units belong in the inventory before any calculation starts.
  • The organization with financial and/or operational control over the facilities shall report the GHG emissions and removals within the reporting boundary at least on an annual average basis. This matters because the report has to follow the operating control structure, not just the physical location of equipment.
  • The boundary includes upstream facilities during operation, commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. That means normal operating changes still belong in the inventory if they affect emissions.

Build a complete upstream system view

  • Clause 6.1 requires a flow diagram of the complete upstream system, identification of all GHG sources at each step, and allocation when one process produces several commercial products. In practice, the user has to trace emissions from the reservoir or other gas source all the way to LNG feed gas.
  • Clause 6.2.4 explains how to treat LNG plants fed from a gas grid: the operator traces back all gas supplies, uses network operating data, and may use the average of the previous 12 months when flows vary. This is important where the LNG feed comes from several producers and processors.
  • Clause 6.2.5 requires non-fossil gas supply, such as biogas or synthetic methane, to be analysed for GHG associated with the feed gas supply. The document notes that the feed can even be negative in some capture cases, so the sign of the result must be checked carefully.

Quantify emissions by source type

  • Clause 6.3 groups sources into fuel combustion, flaring and venting, fugitive emissions, and imported energy, utilities and consumables. This helps the user select the right measurement or estimation approach for each source class.
  • For combustion, flaring and venting, the tables distinguish between sources that should be measured with primary data and smaller sources that may be estimated. In practice, the operator should focus measurement effort on the largest contributors and still account for unburned hydrocarbons.
  • Fugitive emissions may be calculated from equipment counts and leakage factors, with measured leakage data used to adjust the factors. This matters for seal and fitting losses, where direct measurement is often difficult.
  • Imported electricity, heat, steam, utilities and consumables require data from the supplier, and if reliable data are not available the full supply chain must be considered. The cut-off criteria for those imports must follow ISO 14044.

Allocate shared emissions and report consistently

  • Clause 6.6 gives allocation guidance for oil and gas separation, NGL extraction and gas treating. The practical point is that shared emissions must be split between the products in a way that matches how the process actually creates value.
  • For some units, allocation is based on higher heating value (HHV). For gas treating, emissions are generally assigned to the gas product, while facilities built to extract commercial value from a waste stream are assigned to that product.
  • Clause 6.7 refers carbon capture treatment to ISO 6338-1, and Clauses 7 to 9 send quality management, reporting and independent review back to ISO 6338-1. This means the detailed reporting and review rules are not repeated here, so users need both parts of the series.

What terms does EN ISO 6338-2:2026 define?

  • Greenhouse gas (GHG) - The document uses GHG for the climate gases in scope, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and fluorinated gases.
  • Liquefied natural gas (LNG) - LNG is the product whose feed supply is being assessed, namely natural gas that will be liquefied at the plant.
  • Higher heating value (HHV) - HHV is the basis used in some allocation methods to split emissions between product streams such as oil, gas and LPG.
  • Fugitive emissions - Fugitive emissions are unintended releases, such as leaks from pipes, fittings, rotating equipment seals and storage tank seals.
  • Allocation - Allocation is the method for dividing emissions from a shared process between multiple commercial products.
  • Nitrogen rejection unit (NRU) - An NRU is a treatment unit whose vents may contain methane and therefore need to be included in the emissions inventory.
  • Scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 - These are the reporting scopes used for the responsible organization’s emissions in the LNG chain, as defined in ISO 6338-1.

Who uses EN ISO 6338-2:2026?

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 is used by organizations that control natural gas production, processing and transport systems feeding LNG plants. That includes gas producers, upstream operators, gas-processing facility operators, pipeline and compression operators, and organizations that need to account for emissions across the LNG supply chain.

It is also used by GHG inventory teams, environmental managers, quality managers and independent reviewers who need a consistent way to measure or estimate emissions. In practice, they use it to build inventories, assign emissions to products, and support reporting for LNG-related climate data.

What changed in EN ISO 6338-2:2026 from the previous edition?

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 takes over ISO 6338-2:2024 as a European Standard without any modification. The European foreword states that the ISO text was approved by CEN as EN ISO 6338-2:2026 without change.

Which standards are used with EN ISO 6338-2:2026?

StandardWhat it contributes
ISO 6338-1General principles for the LNG chain, calculation rules, preferred units, carbon capture, quality management, reporting and independent review
ISO 14044Life cycle assessment requirements used here for cut-off criteria on imported commodities when reliable emissions data are not available
ISO 14064-1Terms and definitions, and the organization-level framework for quantifying and reporting GHG emissions and removals

What does the EN ISO 6338-2:2026 document contain?

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 contains the boundary rules, calculation approach and allocation guidance needed to quantify emissions from natural gas supply to LNG liquefaction. It includes Figures 1 to 4 for typical system arrangements, such as direct feed, associated gas, gas-grid supply and non-fossil feed.

Tables 1 to 6 support the method with facility classification and source-by-source guidance for combustion, flaring and venting, fugitive emissions, imported energy and allocation. The document is aimed at inventory building, reporting and independent review, not at reproducing plant design data or detailed equipment specifications.

Relations

Effective Date
09-Sep-2026
Effective Date
09-Sep-2026
Effective Date
09-Sep-2026

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EN ISO 6338-2:2026

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Frequently Asked Questions

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Calculations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain - Part 2: Natural gas production and transport to LNG plant (ISO 6338-2:2024)". This standard covers: This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction plant. NOTE          It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas. This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including: —     drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells; —     gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any); —     gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet valve of LNG liquefaction plant. This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to, domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to each product. This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage. This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. Gases covered include CO2, CH4, N2O and fluorinated gases. This document does not cover compensation. This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions. This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.

This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction plant. NOTE          It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas. This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including: —     drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells; —     gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any); —     gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet valve of LNG liquefaction plant. This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to, domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to each product. This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage. This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. Gases covered include CO2, CH4, N2O and fluorinated gases. This document does not cover compensation. This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions. This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.020.40 - Pollution, pollution control and conservation; 75.020 - Extraction and processing of petroleum and natural gas. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 14044:2006, ISO 14064-1:2018, ISO 6338-1:2024. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

EN ISO 6338-2:2026 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2026
Izračuni emisij toplogrednih plinov v oskrbovalni verigi z utekočinjenim
zemeljskim plinom (LNG) - 2. del: Proizvodnja zemeljskega plina in transport do
obrata za utekočinjanje zemeljskega plina (ISO 6338-2:2024)
Calculations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the liquefied natural gas
(LNG) chain - Part 2: Natural gas production and transport to LNG plant (ISO 6338-
2:2024)
Berechnungsverfahren der Treibhausgasemissionen (THG) in der gesamten
Flüssigerdgas-(LNG-)Kette - Teil 2: Erdgasförderung und Transport zur LNG-Anlage
(ISO 6338-2:2024)
Calcul des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans la chaîne gaz naturel liquéfié
(GNL) - Partie 2: Production du gaz naturel et transport à l’usine GNL (ISO 6338-2:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 6338-2:2026
ICS:
13.020.40 Onesnaževanje, nadzor nad Pollution, pollution control
onesnaževanjem in and conservation
ohranjanje
75.020 Pridobivanje in predelava Extraction and processing of
nafte in zemeljskega plina petroleum and natural gas
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 6338-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.020.40; 75.020
English Version
Calculations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
throughout the liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain - Part 2:
Natural gas production and transport to LNG plant (ISO
6338-2:2024)
Calcul des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans Berechnungsverfahren der Treibhausgasemissionen
la chaîne gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) - Partie 2: (THG) in der gesamten Flüssigerdgas-(LNG-)Kette -
Production du gaz naturel et transport à l'usine GNL Teil 2: Erdgasförderung und Transport zur LNG-Anlage
(ISO 6338-2:2024) (ISO 6338-2:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 July 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 6338-2:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 6338-2:2024 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67/SC 9 "Production,
transport and storage facilities for cryogenic liquefied gases” of the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 6338-2:2026 by Technical Committee CEN/TC
282 “Refrigerated Liquefied Gases (RLG) SEVESO infrastructure design and operation” the secretariat of
which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2027, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2027.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 6338-2:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 6338-2:2026 without any
modification.
International
Standard
ISO 6338-2
First edition
Calculations of greenhouse gas
2024-08
(GHG) emissions throughout the
liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain —
Part 2:
Natural gas production and
transport to LNG plant
Calcul des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans la chaîne
gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) —
Partie 2: Production du gaz naturel et transport à l’usine GNL
Reference number
ISO 6338-2:2024(en) © ISO 2024

ISO 6338-2:2024(en)
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 6338-2:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principles . 2
5 GHG inventory boundaries . 2
6 Quantification of GHG emissions . 3
6.1 General .3
6.2 Defining the upstream system .3
6.2.1 General .3
6.2.2 Gas production feeding LNG liquefaction directly .3
6.2.3 Oil production with associated gas feeding LNG liquefaction .3
6.2.4 LNG liquefaction fed from gas grid .4
6.2.5 LNG liquefaction supplied with non-fossil feed .4
6.3 Identification of GHG sources and quantification approach .5
6.3.1 General .5
6.3.2 Emissions from fuel combustion . .5
6.3.3 Emissions from flaring and venting .5
6.3.4 Fugitive emissions .6
6.3.5 Emissions associated with imported energy, utilities, and consumables .6
6.4 Calculation of GHG emissions .7
6.5 Preferred units .7
6.6 Allocation .7
6.7 Carbon capture .8
7 GHG inventory quality management . 8
8 GHG reporting . 8
9 Independent review . . 8
Bibliography . 9

iii
ISO 6338-2:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Oil and gas industries including lower carbon
energy, Subcommittee SC 9, Production, transport and storage facilities for cryogenic liquefied gases.
A list of all parts in the ISO 6338 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO 6338-2:2024(en)
Introduction
Natural gas will play a key role in the energy transition (e.g. by replacing coal to produce electricity) and the
use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to transport natural gas is expected to increase. The process of liquefying
natural gas is energy-intensive. Gas producers are increasingly accountable for their greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions and the ambition to reduce them. Furthermore, there is an emerging marketing demand for GHG
data to enable commercial mechanisms such as offsetting to be utilized.
There is no standardized and auditable methodology to calculate the carbon footprint of the whole LNG
chain (including but not limited to the well, upstream treatment, transportation, liquefaction, shipping,
regasification and end user distribution). Various standards indicate possible approaches but are
inconsistent in their results or not easily applicable.
The ISO 6338 series covers each part of the LNG chain and enables a consistent GHG inventory.
The KPIs and related requirements to access to key international initiatives, agreements and reporting/
accounting standards on climate ambitions and zero carbon emission strategies are given in ISO 6338-1:2024,
Annex B.
Attention should be paid to activities that can occur in different parts (e.g. gas treatment and distribution
upstream of the liquefaction plant).
NOTE It is not possible to make like-for-like comparisons, or define a certification scheme, for one block only.

v
International Standard ISO 6338-2:2024(en)
Calculations of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout
the liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain —
Part 2:
Natural gas production and transport to LNG plant
1 Scope
This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural
gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG)
liquefaction plant.
NOTE It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas.
This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including:
— drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells;
— gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any);
— gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet
valve of LNG liquefaction plant.
This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to,
domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to
allocate GHG emissions to each product.
This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with
commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the
exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage.
This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas
to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible
organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold
vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated
...