CEN/TS 18073:2024
(Main)Ambient air - Determination of lung deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration using aerosol monitors based on diffusion charging
Ambient air - Determination of lung deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration using aerosol monitors based on diffusion charging
This document specifies a process for the electrical diffusion charging of aerosols with subsequent measurement of particle charge. With the aid of this method, it is possible to determine the lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration of particles in ambient air. Depending on the design of the electrical diffusion charger, the LDSA of particles in the size range of approximately 20 nm to approximately 300 nm is measurable.
Furthermore, this document specifies design criteria for LDSA measuring aerosol monitors as well as performance criteria and the associated test procedures. The performance criteria depend on the application and they are more stringent when the instrument is operated in an air quality monitoring station.
In the determination of the LDSA concentration, the share of geometric particle surface area concentration is determined that can be deposited in the alveolar region of the human lung. Typical particle surface area concentrations with alveolar deposition measured in urban areas range from 5 µm2/cm3 to 50 µm2/cm3.
Instruments based on this measurement principle can be designed to be very compact with a low power consumption. This makes them ideally suited for handheld measurements, other forms of mobile application or to measure personal exposure. On the other hand, they can be easily adapted to serve as a stationary instrument in air quality monitoring stations.
Außenluft - Bestimmung der lungendeponierbaren Oberflächenkonzentration (LDSA) mit Aerosolmonitoren auf Basis der Diffusionsaufladung
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur elektrischen Diffusionsaufladung von Aerosolen mit anschließender Messung der Partikelladung fest. Mit diesem Verfahren kann die lungendeponierbare Oberflächen¬konzentration (LDSA, en: lung-deposited surface area concentration) von Partikeln in Außenluft gemessen werden. Je nach Ausführungsform des elektrischen Diffusionsaufladers ist die LDSA von Partikeln im Größenbereich von etwa 20 nm bis etwa 300 nm messbar.
Darüber hinaus legt dieses Dokument Konstruktionskriterien für Aerosolmonitore zur LDSA-Messung sowie Leistungskriterien und die damit verbundenen Prüfverfahren fest. Die Leistungskriterien hängen von der Anwendung ab und sind stringenter, wenn das Instrument in einer Luftgütemessstation betrieben wird.
Bei der Bestimmung der LDSA-Konzentration wird der Anteil der geometrischen Partikeloberflächen-konzentration, der im alveolaren Bereich der menschlichen Lunge abgeschieden werden kann, ermittelt. Typische in städtischen Gebieten gemessene alveolar deponierbare Partikeloberflächenkonzentrationen liegen zwischen 5 µm2/cm3 und 50 µm2/cm3.
Auf diesem Messprinzip basierende Geräte können sehr kompakt und mit geringem Stromverbrauch ausgeführt werden. Hierdurch sind sie einerseits sehr gut für Handmessungen, andere mobile Anwendungen und die Messung der persönlichen Exposition geeignet. Andererseits können sie leicht für den stationären Betrieb in Luftgütemessstationen angepasst werden.
Air ambiant - Détermination de la concentration en surface spécifique des particules pouvant se déposer dans les poumons (LDSA) à l’aide de moniteurs d’aérosols basés sur la charge par diffusion
Le présent document spécifie un processus de charge par diffusion électrique des aérosols, suivi de la mesure de la charge des particules. Grâce à cette méthode, il est possible de déterminer la concentration en surface spécifique des particules pouvant se déposer dans les poumons (LDSA) dans l’air ambiant. Selon la conception du chargeur par diffusion électrique, la LDSA de particules dans la plage de granulométrie comprise entre environ 20 nm et environ 300 nm est mesurable.
En outre, le présent document spécifie les critères de conception des moniteurs d’aérosols mesurant la LDSA, ainsi que les critères de performance et les modes opératoires d’essai associés. Les critères de performance dépendent de l’application et sont plus stricts lorsque l’instrument est utilisé dans une station de surveillance de la qualité de l’air.
Pour déterminer la LDSA, la part de la concentration en surface de particules géométriques pouvant se déposer dans la région alvéolaire du poumon humain est déterminée. Les concentrations en surface des particules types avec dépôt alvéolaire mesurées dans les zones urbaines s’étendent de 5 µm2/cm3 à 50 µm2/cm3.
Les instruments basés sur ce principe de mesure peuvent être conçus pour être très compacts et consommer peu d’énergie. Ils conviennent donc parfaitement aux mesures portatives, à d’autres formes d’applications mobiles ou à la mesure de l’exposition individuelle. Par ailleurs, ils peuvent être facilement adaptés pour servir d’instrument fixe dans les stations de surveillance de la qualité de l’air.
Zunanji zrak - Določanje koncentracije delcev. ki se lahko usedajo na površino pljuč (LDSA) z uporabo monitorjev aerosolov na podlagi difuzije in naboja
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
01-junij-2024
Zunanji zrak - Določanje koncentracije delcev. ki se lahko usedajo na površino
pljuč (LDSA) z uporabo monitorjev aerosolov na podlagi difuzije in naboja
Ambient air - Determination of lung deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration using
aerosol monitors based on diffusion charging
Außenluft - Bestimmung der lungendeponierbaren Oberflächenkonzentration (LDSA) mit
Aerosolmonitoren auf Basis der Diffusionsaufladung
Air ambiant - Détermination de la concentration en surface spécifique des particules
pouvant se déposer dans les poumons (LDSA) à l’aide de moniteurs d’aérosols basés
sur la charge par diffusion
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TS 18073
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FprCEN/TS 18073
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
April 2024
ICS 13.040.20
English Version
Ambient air - Determination of lung deposited surface area
(LDSA) concentration using aerosol monitors based on
diffusion charging
Air ambiant - Détermination de la concentration Außenluft - Bestimmung der lungendeponierbaren
surfacique des particules d'aérosol atmosphérique à Oberflächenkonzentration (LDSA) mit
l'aide de moniteurs d'aérosols électriques basés sur la Aerosolmonitoren auf Basis der Diffusionsaufladung
charge par diffusion
This draft Technical Specification is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 264.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a Technical Specification. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change
without notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Specification.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
3.1 Aerosol properties. 6
3.2 Particle size metrics . 7
3.3 Particle concentration metrics . 7
4 Principle . 8
4.1 Physical principles . 8
4.2 Physiological principles . 8
5 Function . 9
5.1 General. 9
5.2 Inertial separator. 10
5.3 Diffusion charger . 10
5.4 Ion trap . 13
5.5 Charge measurement . 14
6 Interpretation of the current . 15
7 Sampling and conditioning . 16
7.1 General. 16
7.2 Sampling . 17
7.3 Humidity conditioning . 17
8 DCAM design criteria, performance criteria and test procedures . 18
8.1 DCAM design and performance criteria . 18
8.2 Test procedures for DCAM performance criteria . 18
8.2.1 Actual flow rates . 18
8.2.2 Calibration curve . 19
8.2.3 Calibration factor . 20
9 Measurement procedure . 20
9.1 Measurement planning . 20
9.2 Environmental operating conditions . 21
9.3 Initial installation . 21
9.4 Function testing . 21
9.5 Data processing and reporting . 21
10 Interfering factors and error sources . 22
10.1 Ambient conditions . 22
10.2 Contamination and wear . 22
11 Maintenance . 22
12 Measurement uncertainty . 23
12.1 Introduction . 23
12.2 Summary of method . 23
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 (E)
12.3 Sources of uncertainty . 23
12.3.1 General . 23
12.3.2 Step 2: Determination of the calibration factor . 23
12.3.3 Step 3: Sampling of particles . 24
12.3.4 Step 4: Charging of particles . 25
12.3.5 Step 5: Measurement of current . 25
12.3.6 Step 6: Calculation of LDSA concentration . 25
Annex A (informative) Flow arrangements . 26
A.1 Flow rate attributes . 26
A.2 Instruments with single flow charger . 26
A.3 Instruments using a mixing type charger . 27
Annex B (informative) Input parameters and numerical data for the ICRP model . 29
Bibliography . 31
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TS 18073:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TS.
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 (E)
Introduction
There is growing recognition of the importance of aerosol particles with diameters D < 1 µm for human
health as well as for their effects on climate. While usually the mass concentration of airborne particles
is quantified both in the environment and at the workplace, various studies have shown the relevance of
the number and surface area concentration to their health effects. Correlations between the incidence of
respiratory diseases and the number concentrations of airborne particles are, e.g. given in [1]. It was
shown that the effects on health due to inhaled particles correlate better with the particle surface area
dose than with the particle mass dose [2] or the particle number dose [3]. To describe the air quality in
terms of dust load, it therefore appears advisable to supplement the parameters of mass concentration
(for PM and PM , see EN 12341 [4]), particle number concentration and number size distribution
10 2,5
(see prEN 16976 [5] and CEN/TS 17434 [6]) with measurements of further metrics, e.g. particle surface
area concentration as a health-relevant metric.
For the measuring device required for the implementation of the measuring method described in this
document, the designation “electrical aerosol monitor based on diffusion charging” abbreviated to DCAM
(Diffusion-Charger-based Aerosol Monitor) is introduced.
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 18073:2024
FprCEN/TS 18073:2024 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies a process for the electrical diffusion charging of aerosols with subsequent
measurement of particle charge. With the aid of this method, it is possible to determine the lung-
deposited surface area (LDSA) concentration of particles in ambient air. Depending on the design of the
electrical diffusion charger, the LDSA of particles in the size range of approximately 20 nm to
approximately 300 nm is measurable.
Furthermore, this document specifies design criteria for LDSA measuring aerosol monitors as well as
performance criteria and the associated test procedures. The performance criteria depend on the
application and they are more stringent when the instrument is operated in an air quality monitoring
station.
In the determination of the LDSA concentration, the share of geometric particle surface area
concentration is determined that can be deposited in the alveolar region of the human lung. Typical
particle surface area concentrations with alveolar deposition measured in urban areas range from
2 3 2 3
5 µm /cm to 50 µm /cm .
Instruments based on this measurement principle can be designed to be very compact with a low power
consumption. This makes them ideally suited for hand-held measurements, other forms of mobile
application or to measure personal exposure. On the other hand, they can be easi
...
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