EN 14866:2005
(Main)Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Regenerative, enamelled and packed panels for air-gas and gas-gas heat exchangers - Specifications
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Regenerative, enamelled and packed panels for air-gas and gas-gas heat exchangers - Specifications
This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any enamel process, such as: wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electro deposition or dry powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets.
NOTE For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operation life, more stringent limits may be agreed between customer and supplier.
Emails und Emaillierungen - Regenerative, emaillierte und gepackte Bleche für Luft-Gas- und Gas-Gas-Wärmeaustauscher - Anforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Mindestanforderungen und funktionellen Eigenschaften von Email-Schichten auf profilierten Stahlblechen für Wärmeaustauscher in regenerativen Wärmeaustauschern fest, vor und nach dem Packen in Körben; sie ist anwendbar auf Email-Schichten, die nach einem beliebigen Emaillierverfahren hergestellt sind, wie z. B. nach dem Tauchverfahren, Fluten (weitere deutsche Bennenungen: Schütten, Anschütten), Spritzauftrag, elektrostatischen Spritzen, Elektrotauchemaillieren, elektrostatischen Pulverauftrag.
ANMERKUNG Für sehr strenge Betriebsbedingungen oder, um die Lebensdauer zu verlängern, dürfen zwischen dem Kunden und dem Lieferer strengere Grenzen vereinbart werden.
Emaux vitrifiés - Echangeurs thermiques pour réchauffeurs air-gaz et gaz-gaz à empilement de panneaux émaillés remplaçables et démontables - Spécifications
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences minimales et les caractéristiques fonctionnelles des revêtements émaillés utilisés au cours de tout processus d’émaillage tel que : le trempage dans un liquide, l’aspersion humide, la pulvérisation humide, la pulvérisation électrostatique humide, l’électrodéposition humide ou la pulvérisation électrostatique sèche, sur des panneaux en acier profilés d’échangeurs de chaleur remplaçables et démontables, avant et après assemblage dans les paniers.
NOTE Des limites inférieures peuvent être convenues entre client et fournisseur dans le cas de conditions de service très difficiles ou dans le but de prolonger la durée de fonctionnement.
Steklasti in porcelanski emajli – Regenerativne, emajlirane in pakirane plošče za toplotne izmenjevalnike »air-gas« in »gas-gas« – Specifikacije
General Information
- Status
- Withdrawn
- Publication Date
- 20-Dec-2005
- Withdrawal Date
- 29-Mar-2011
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 262 - Metallic and other inorganic coatings
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 262/WG 5 - Vitreous enamel coatings
- Current Stage
- 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
- Start Date
- 30-Mar-2011
- Completion Date
- 30-Mar-2011
Relations
- Effective Date
- 17-Oct-2009
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 14866:2005 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Regenerative, enamelled and packed panels for air-gas and gas-gas heat exchangers - Specifications". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any enamel process, such as: wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electro deposition or dry powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets. NOTE For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operation life, more stringent limits may be agreed between customer and supplier.
This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel coatings applied by any enamel process, such as: wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electro deposition or dry powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets. NOTE For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operation life, more stringent limits may be agreed between customer and supplier.
EN 14866:2005 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.220.50 - Enamels. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 14866:2005 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN ISO 28763:2011. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN 14866:2005 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
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Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Regenerative, enamelled and packed panels for air-
gas and gas-gas heat exchangers - Specifications
Emails und Emaillierungen - Regenerative, emaillierte und gepackte Bleche für Luft-Gas-
und Gas-Gas-Wärmeaustauscher - Anforderungen
Emaux vitrifiés - Echangeurs thermiques pour réchauffeurs air-gaz et gaz-gaz a
empilement de panneaux émaillés remplaçables et démontables - Spécifications
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 14866:2005
ICS:
25.220.50 Emajlne prevleke Enamels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 14866
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2005
ICS 25.220.50
English Version
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Regenerative, enamelled and
packed panels for air-gas and gas-gas heat exchangers -
Specifications
Emaux vitrifiés - Echangeurs thermiques pour réchauffeurs Emails und Emaillierungen - Regenerative, emaillierte und
air-gaz et gaz-gaz à empilement de panneaux émaillés gepackte Bleche für Luft-Gas- und Gas-Gas-
remplaçables et démontables - Spécifications Wärmeaustauscher - Anforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 November 2005.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 14866:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions.4
4 Steel substrates .6
4.1 Delivery.6
4.2 Analysis .6
4.3 Hydrogen permeability .6
4.4 Fish scale test .6
4.5 Pickling speed.6
5 Enamel frit(s) .7
5.1 Delivery.7
5.2 Coefficient of expansion.7
5.3 Fusion flow.7
5.4 Boiling water vapour resistance .7
5.5 Acid resistance .7
5.6 Thermal shock resistance .7
5.7 Adherence .8
6 Characteristics of the enamel coating.8
6.1 Adherence .8
6.2 Thickness .8
6.3 Thermal shock resistance .9
6.4 Fundamental defects .9
6.5 Open defects .9
6.6 Edge covering of gas-gas heaters.10
6.7 Boiling sulphuric acid resistance .10
6.8 Rework.10
7 Characteristics after packing.10
7.1 Packing pressure .10
7.2 Visual examination.10
7.3 Edge covering of gas-gas heaters.11
8 Documentation.11
Annex A (normative) Method for determining thermal shock resistance of vitreous or porcelain
enamel coatings.12
Foreword
This European Standard (EN 14866:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic
and other inorganic coatings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2006.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements and the functional characteristics of enamel
coatings applied by any enamel process, such as: wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet
electrostatic spraying, wet electro deposition or dry powder electrostatic spraying, to profiled steel heat
exchanger panels in regenerative heat exchangers, before and after packing in baskets.
NOTE For very severe service conditions, or to obtain extended operation life, more stringent limits may
be agreed between customer and supplier.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN 10209:1996, Cold-rolled low carbon steel flat products for vitreous enamelling — Technical delivery
conditions
EN 14483-2:2004, Vitreous and porcelain enamels — Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion —
Part 2: Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion by boiling acids, neutral liquids and/or their vapours
EN 14863, Vitreous and porcelain enamels — Determination of the edge covering on enamelled steel plate to
be used in heat exchangers
EN ISO 105-J03, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part J03: Calculation of colour differences (ISO 105-
J03:1995, including Technical Corrigendum 1:1996)
EN ISO 2178, Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates — Measurement of coating thickness —
Magnetic method (ISO 2178:1982)
EN ISO 8289:2001, Vitreous and porcelain enamels — Low voltage test for detecting and locating defects
(ISO 8289:2000)
ISO 2723, Vitreous and porcelain enamels for sheet steel — Production of specimens for testing
ISO 4534, Vitreous and porcelain enamels — Determination of fluidity behaviour — Fusion flow test
ISO 7991, Glass — Determination of coefficient of mean linear thermal expansion
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
blisters
localised bubbles under the surface of the fired enamel
3.2
burn-off
localised areas of rough black oxide erupting through the enamel coating
3.3
chipping
fracturing and detachment of particles from a vitreous enamelled surface
3.4
copperheads
small freckle or pimple-like reddish brown spots occurring in ground-coats, or direct-on enamels applied to
sheet metals
3.5
cracking
laminar interruptions in the fused coating running vertical to the surface
NOTE 1 The laminar interruptions can also occur at different angles.
NOTE 2 Their causes are mainly the result of tensile stresses within the enamel coating.
3.6
crazing
fine cracks in the enamel coating
3.7
fire tool marks
(fire marks)
small indentations similar in appearance to shallow pinholes
3.8
fishscaling
small half-moon shaped defects occurring in the vitreous enamelled surface
NOTE Fishscaling can occur immediately on cooling or after some time has elapsed following firing. These defects
originate from super saturation of the substrate with hydrogen (acquired during firing) that suddenly fractures the enamel
coating in order to relieve the pressure that has accumulated with time at the enamel-steel interface.
3.9
spalling
spontaneous fracturing and detachment of particles of enamel from within the coating layer
NOTE Spalling often occurs on corners, sharp radii, or panel edges; the result of too low enamel coefficient of
expansion for the substrate, the external radii and the enamel thickness concerned. Thermal stresses can aggravate the
spalling.
3.10
tearing
short breaks or cracks in the enamel bisque that have healed during firing
3.11
air-gas heater
heat exchangers used to heat up the air needed for combustion in the boiler using the combustion gases from
the boiler as the hot fluid
NOTE 1 The maximum temperature of the hot gases entering the heat exchanger is 450 °C with a normal operating
temperature from 380 °C to 320 °C.
NOTE 2 Air-gas heat exchangers in which gas fluid from DENOx installations pass through should be considered as
Gas-gas heaters for the purpose of this European Standard
3.12
gas-gas heater
heat exchangers used in the de-sulphuration plants to reheat the gases treated in the scrubber to obtain the
proper d
...
EN 14866:2005 표준은 유리 및 도자기 에나멜, 특히 공기-가스 및 가스-가스 열교환기를 위한 재생식 에나멜 및 포장 패널에 대해 구체적인 사양을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 에나멜 처리 프로세스에 적용 가능한 최소 요구 사항과 기능적 특성을 명시하고 있어, 여러 가지 도포 방식(젖은 침지, 젖은 흐름 코팅, 젖은 스프레이, 젖은 전기 정전기 스프레이, 젖은 전기 침착 또는 건조 분말 전기 정전기 스프레이 등)을 통해 프로파일이 있는 강철 열교환기 패널에 에나멜 코팅을 적용하는 데 있어 중요한 기준을 설정합니다. EN 14866:2005 표준의 주요 강점은 기계적 강도와 내구성을 보장하는 데 중요한 에나멜 코팅의 기능적 특성을 포괄적으로 제시하고 있다는 점입니다. 이를 통해 열교환기의 효율성을 극대화하며, 에너지 절약 및 운영 비용 절감에 기여할 수 있습니다. 또한, 고객과 공급자 간의 협의를 통해 극심한 서비스 조건에서의 보다 엄격한 한계를 설정할 수 있어 맞춤형 솔루션을 제공할 수 있는 유연성을 가지고 있습니다. 이 표준은 현대의 에너지 효율적인 시스템과 환경 친화적인 기술에 부합하며, 산업 전반에 걸쳐 에나멜 코팅의 중요성을 재확인합니다. 따라서 EN 14866:2005는 열교환기 제조업체 및 사용자들에게 필수적인 참고 자료로 자리 잡고 있으며, 지속 가능한 열 관리 솔루션 개발에 기여할 수 있는 중요한 기준으로 평가받고 있습니다.
La norme EN 14866:2005, intitulée "Émaux vitrifiés et porcelaines - Panneaux régénératifs, émaillés et empilés pour échangeurs de chaleur air-gaz et gaz-gaz - Spécifications", établit des spécifications précises concernant la qualité et les caractéristiques fonctionnelles des revêtements émaillés appliqués à des panneaux d'échangeurs de chaleur en acier profilé. Cette norme européenne est cruciale pour garantir que les panneaux émaillés utilisés dans des applications exigeantes, comme les échangeurs de chaleur régénératifs, répondent à des requis minimaux tant en termes de durabilité que de performance. L'étendue de cette norme couvre différents processus d'application de l'émail, y compris le trempage humide, le revêtement fluide humide, le pulvérisateur humide, ainsi que des techniques électrostatiques, ce qui témoigne d'une approche complète et adaptable selon les besoins spécifiques des clients. Un des points forts de la norme est sa capacité à s'adapter aux conditions de service sévères. Elle reconnaît qu'il peut être nécessaire d'établir des limites plus strictes entre le client et le fournisseur pour prolonger la durée de vie opérationnelle des produits. Cela souligne non seulement la flexibilité de la norme, mais aussi son engagement à répondre aux exigences de performance accrues que peuvent exiger certains environnements industriels. La pertinence de la norme EN 14866:2005 ne se limite pas seulement à la spécification technique, elle reflète également les meilleures pratiques dans le domaine des revêtements émaillés. En établissant des critères clairs, cette norme soutient les fabricants et les utilisateurs d'échangeurs de chaleur dans l'assurance d'une qualité constante et d'une performance supérieure, renforçant ainsi la confiance dans les produits fournis. En somme, la norme EN 14866:2005 est essentielle pour tout acteur du secteur qui dépend de panneaux émaillés pour garantir l'efficacité et la longévité de leurs systèmes d'échangeurs de chaleur, positionnant ainsi cette norme comme un élément central dans la standardisation des exigences de qualité dans le domaine des émaux vitrifiés et porcelains.
Die Norm EN 14866:2005 beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der glasierten und porzellanisierten Emaillen, insbesondere in Bezug auf regenerative emaillierte und verpackte Paneele für Luft-Gas- und Gas-Gas-Wärmeaustauscher. Diese europäische Norm legt die Mindestanforderungen und funktionalen Eigenschaften von Emaillbeschichtungen fest, die durch verschiedene Emaillierungsprozesse auf profilierte Stahl-Wärmeaustauscher-Paneele aufgebracht werden. Zu den beschriebenen Verfahren zählen das Nassdippen, Nassflussbeschichten, Nassspritzbeschichten, nass-elektrostatisches Spritzbeschichten, nass-elektrophoretisches Beschichten sowie trocken-elektrostatisches Spritzbeschichten. Ein herausragender Aspekt der Norm ist ihre Flexibilität, da sie sowohl Anwendungsbedingungen für allgemeine als auch für sehr strenge Einsatzbedingungen definiert. In besonders schwierigen Betriebsbedingungen können zwischen dem Kunden und dem Lieferanten auch strengere Grenzwerte vereinbart werden, was die Relevanz der Norm in verschiedenen industriellen Anwendungen erhöht. Die Norm bietet eine klare und umfassende Richtlinie zur Bewertung der Qualität und der Leistungsfähigkeit von emaillierten Paneelen, die entscheidend für die Effizienz von regenerativen Wärmeaustauschern sind. Die Standards garantieren eine hohe Qualität der Emaillbeschichtungen, was für die Langlebigkeit und Zuverlässigkeit der Wärmeaustauscher von erheblichem Vorteil ist. Die genaue Spezifikation der Prozesse sorgt für Konsistenz in der Produktion und ermöglicht es Herstellern, den Anforderungen des Marktes gerecht zu werden. Die Relevanz der EN 14866:2005 erstreckt sich über verschiedene Branchen, die auf effektive Wärmetechnologien angewiesen sind. Mit dem Wachstum der nachhaltigen Energieoptionen und der Notwendigkeit, Effizienzsteigerungen im Bereich der Wärmerückgewinnung zu erzielen, wird die Bedeutung dieser Norm in den kommenden Jahren weiter zunehmen. Die EN 14866:2005 ist somit ein unverzichtbares Dokument für Hersteller, Ingenieure und Qualitätssicherungsbeauftragte, die in der Entwicklung und dem Einsatz von regenerativen Wärmeaustauschern tätig sind.
EN 14866:2005は、ガスとガスの熱交換器および回生熱交換器に使用されるエナメルコーティングの最小要件と機能特性を規定する欧州規格です。この標準は、ウェットディッピング、ウェットフローワコーティング、ウェットスプレー、ウェット静電スプレー、ウェット電解めっき、ドライパウダー静電スプレーなどのエナメルプロセスによって適用されるコーティングの仕様を明確にします。特に、成型された鋼製熱交換器パネルをバスケットに詰める前及び後の要件に焦点を当てています。 この標準の強みは、幅広いエナメルプロセスを考慮し、それぞれの特性に応じた適切なコーティング基準を設定している点です。また、極端な使用条件や延長運転寿命を求める顧客の要求に応じて、より厳しい限界を合意できる柔軟性も提供しています。このことは、顧客と供給者の間での信頼構築やコミュニケーションを促進し、最適な製品性能を保証するものです。 EN 14866:2005は、熱交換器業界において重要な仕様書であり、製品の耐久性や信頼性向上に寄与します。この標準によって、エナメルコーティングの品質が一貫して保たれ、熱交換器の効率を最大限に引き出すことが可能になります。そのため、EN 14866:2005は、業界全体にとって欠かせない基準となり、熱交換器の設計および製造において重要な役割を果たしています。
The EN 14866:2005 standard provides comprehensive specifications for vitreous and porcelain enamels used in regenerative heat exchangers, specifically targeting enamelled and packed panels designed for air-gas and gas-gas interactions. The scope of this standard is crucial as it defines the minimum requirements and functional characteristics necessary for enamel coatings applied through various processes, such as wet dipping, wet flow-coating, wet spraying, wet electrostatic spraying, wet electro deposition, and dry powder electrostatic spraying. One of the strengths of the EN 14866 standard is its versatility, as it accommodates multiple application methods, ensuring that manufacturers can select the most suitable technique for their production processes. This adaptability is significant in the context of evolving manufacturing technologies and practices, allowing for consistent quality across different processes. Furthermore, the standard also anticipates varying service conditions and allows for the possibility of establishing more stringent limits through mutual agreement between customers and suppliers for extreme operational environments. This flexibility is essential in industries where equipment longevity and reliability are paramount. Moreover, the emphasis on the quality and durability of the enamel coatings contributes to the standard’s relevance in ensuring high-performance heat exchangers. By clearly defining the expectations for enamel coatings, EN 14866 promotes improved operational efficiency and reduced maintenance requirements, which are critical factors in both industrial applications and energy conservation. Overall, the EN 14866:2005 standard serves as an essential reference for manufacturers and users of heat exchangers, underscoring its importance in promoting adherence to best practices for the production and application of vitreous and porcelain enamels in regenerative heat exchangers. The clear delineation of specifications not only aids in achieving compliance but also fosters innovation within the field, ensuring that advancements in materials and coatings can be reliably integrated into contemporary manufacturing processes.
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