EN ISO 4532:2022
(Main)Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test (ISO 4532:1991)
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test (ISO 4532:1991)
Specifies a test method which is used as a factory production control test. The test is not intended to be used for testing the adhesion of the enamel. Annexes A and B are for information only.
Emails und Emaillierungen - Bestimmung des Widerstandes emaillierter Gegenstände gegen Schlag - Schlagbolzen-Schlagversuch (ISO 4532:1991)
Émaux vitrifiés - Détermination de la résistance au choc des pièces émaillées - Essai au pistolet (ISO 4532:1991)
La présente Norme internationale prescrit une méthode d'essai pour la détermination de la résistance au choc de pièces émaillées. La méthode est utilisée dans les essais de contrôle de production en usine.
NOTE 1 L'essai au pistolet n'est pas à utiliser dans les essais d'adhésion d'émail.
Steklasti in porcelanski emajli - Ugotavljanje odpornosti emajliranih izdelkov proti udarcem - Preskus s pištolo (ISO 4532:1991)
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 27-Sep-2022
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 262 - Metallic and other inorganic coatings
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 262/WG 5 - Vitreous enamel coatings
- Current Stage
- 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
- Start Date
- 28-Sep-2022
- Due Date
- 04-Apr-2024
- Completion Date
- 28-Sep-2022
Overview
EN ISO 4532:2022 - "Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test (ISO 4532:1991)" specifies a factory production control test method (pistol test) for assessing the impact resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamelled articles. The standard describes the test apparatus, procedure, evaluation criteria and reporting requirements. It is not intended to assess enamel adhesion.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Test apparatus: spring‑loaded striking bolt with a 5 mm steel ball tip, adjustable spring load (0–90 N), spring length 100 mm (unloaded). The spring constant is 20 N/cm ± 0.5 N/cm. Reading error of the apparatus should not exceed 3% in its application range.
- Principle: firing the ball‑tipped striking bolt against the enamelled surface; the load that first causes visible damage indicates impact sensitivity.
- Specimens and sampling:
- Test the enamelled articles themselves; sampling and specimen count are agreed between supplier and customer. If no agreement, test at least two specimens.
- Carry out at least five pistol tests per test program, maintaining a minimum 20 mm between impacts or between an impact and existing damage.
- Procedure:
- Preliminary sequence: start at 10 N, increase by 10 N until no visible damage; then increase in 2 N steps until first visible damage occurs.
- Observe the impact point from 250 mm and record the type of damage (cracking, spalling, chipping, powdering). The impression of the striking bolt alone is not considered damage.
- Final evaluation is made after 24 hours; optional use of dye/ink or ISO 2746 high‑voltage test to enhance visibility.
- Calibration: Annex A (informative) covers calibration and determination of apparatus zero point; graph method used to verify spring constant and zero deviation.
- Reporting: include reference to EN ISO 4532:2022, specimen description (dimensions, mass, enamel/metal thickness if available), number of specimens and tests, support type, positions tested, spring load causing damage (rounded to nearest 2 N), and photos if appropriate.
Practical applications
- Factory production control and quality checks of enamelled cookware, sanitaryware, bathware, panels and other enamelled components.
- Routine verification of enamel toughness and batch consistency during manufacturing.
- Acceptance testing between suppliers and customers where impact resistance is a contractual attribute.
Who uses this standard
- Quality engineers and laboratory technicians in enamel manufacturing and finishing plants
- Production managers, product certification bodies, and purchasing/QA teams specifying impact resistance in procurement
- Test laboratories performing standardized impact tests on vitreous and porcelain enamels
Related standards
- ISO 2746 - Vitreous and porcelain enamels: high‑voltage test (referenced for adjunct testing)
- EN ISO 4532:2022 is the CEN adoption of ISO 4532:1991 and is maintained under CEN/TC 262 and ISO/TC 107.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN ISO 4532:2022 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test (ISO 4532:1991)". This standard covers: Specifies a test method which is used as a factory production control test. The test is not intended to be used for testing the adhesion of the enamel. Annexes A and B are for information only.
Specifies a test method which is used as a factory production control test. The test is not intended to be used for testing the adhesion of the enamel. Annexes A and B are for information only.
EN ISO 4532:2022 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.220.50 - Enamels. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
You can purchase EN ISO 4532:2022 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Steklasti in porcelanski emajli - Ugotavljanje odpornosti emajliranih izdelkov proti
udarcem - Preskus s pištolo (ISO 4532:1991)
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the resistance of enamelled articles to
impact - Pistol test (ISO 4532:1991)
Emails und Emaillierungen - Bestimmung des Widerstandes emaillierter Gegenstände
gegen Schlag - Schlagbolzen-Schlagversuch (ISO 4532:1991)
Émaux vitrifiés - Détermination de la résistance au choc des pièces émaillées - Essai au
pistolet (ISO 4532:1991)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4532:2022
ICS:
25.220.50 Emajlne prevleke Enamels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 4532
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.220.50
English Version
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the
resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test (ISO
4532:1991)
Émaux vitrifiés - Détermination de la résistance au Emails und Emaillierungen - Bestimmung des
choc des pièces émaillées - Essai au pistolet (ISO Widerstandes emaillierter Gegenstände gegen Schlag -
4532:1991) Schlagbolzen-Schlagversuch (ISO 4532:1991)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4532:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 4532:1991 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 "Metallic and other
inorganic coatings” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over
as EN ISO 4532:2022 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
including for corrosion protection and corrosion testing of metals and alloys” the secretariat of which is
held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4532:1991 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4532:2022 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD 4532
First edi tion
1991-12-01
Vitreous and porcelain enamels -
Determination of the resistance of enamelled
articles to impact - Pistol test
Emaux vifrifi& - Determination de la rksistance au choc des pikes
6maiMes - Essai au pistolet
VD, --- .v--
-----
---
Reference number
- .-- ISO 4532:1991(E)
-.-____-_ _ - ._.
ISO 4532:1991(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 4532 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganbc coafings, Sub-Committee SC
6, Vitreous and porcelain enamels.
lt is based on a test method developed by a committee of the VDEfa. The
VDEfa Technical Report No. 4 [l] describes the development of the
Pistol test and gives comprehensive information on numerous Pistol
tests carried out on different shapes of test specimens.
Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only.
6 ISO 1991
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
Permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 * Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4532:1991 (E)
Vitreous and porcelain enamels - Determination of the
resistance of enamelled articles to impact - Pistol test
1 Scope 4 Apparatus
This International Standard specifies a test method
for determining the resistance of enamelled articles
to impact.
The test apparatus (see figure 1) consists of a strik-
The method is used as a factory production control
ing bolt with a 5 mm steel ball tip which is shot once
test.
against the surface under test by means of a press-
ure spri
...
La norme EN ISO 4532:2022 spécifie une méthode d'essai destinée à mesurer la résistance des articles émaillés aux impacts, à l’aide d’un test par pistolet. Cette norme est essentielle pour le contrôle de la production en usine, garantissant que les produits finis répondent à des critères de qualité et de durabilité appropriés. L'une des forces de cette norme réside dans sa capacité à standardiser le processus d'évaluation des articles émaillés, offrant ainsi un cadre fiable pour les fabricants. En définissant clairement la méthode du test, la norme permet de réduire les variations potentielles dans les résultats, ce qui favorise une meilleure cohérence dans la production. De plus, bien que cette norme soit principalement axée sur la résistance des énamel aux impacts, il est important de noter qu'elle ne vise pas à évaluer l'adhérence de l'émail. Cette précision dans le champ d'application garantit que les utilisateurs ne confondent pas les résultats de ce test avec d'autres critères de performance, préservant ainsi l'intégrité des tests réalisés. Les annexes A et B fournissent des informations complémentaires qui, bien qu'elles ne fassent pas partie intégrante du processus de test, enrichissent la compréhension globale de la norme. Elles permettent aux professionnels de mieux cerner les implications techniques liées aux tests et d'appliquer les résultats de manière pertinente dans le contexte de la production d'articles émaillés. La norme EN ISO 4532:2022 est donc non seulement pertinente dans le cadre de la production des énamels vitreux et en porcelaine, mais elle établit également un référentiel de qualité qui peut être utilisé pour assurer la conformité des produits face aux exigences du marché. En intégrant cette norme dans les processus de fabrication, les entreprises peuvent ainsi garantir des produits de haute qualité, renforçant ainsi leur position sur le marché.
The standard EN ISO 4532:2022 outlines a specific test method for determining the resistance of vitreous and porcelain enamels to impact, employing the pistol test as described in the previous ISO 4532:1991. This standard serves a critical role in factory production control, ensuring that manufacturers adhere to established quality parameters while safeguarding the integrity of enamelled articles. One of the primary strengths of EN ISO 4532:2022 is its focused applicability. By concentrating solely on the impact resistance of enamels, the standard provides a clear and concise framework for quality assurance in manufacturing environments. This specificity allows manufacturers to effectively implement testing procedures that assess the durability of their products, ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction and trust. The standard also recognizes its limitations by clarifying that it is not intended for testing the adhesion of the enamel. This distinction is vital as it ensures that manufacturers understand the scope of the test and do not conflate impact resistance with adhesion properties. The inclusion of Annexes A and B for informational purposes further enriches the document, offering supplementary insights while maintaining the primary focus on the impact test. Overall, EN ISO 4532:2022 stands out for its direct approach and practical application in the industry. Its relevance in ensuring the quality and performance of vitreous and porcelain enamels cannot be overstated, especially in environments where impact resistance is a crucial aspect of product performance. This standard is essential for manufacturers aiming to uphold rigorous quality control measures and enhance the longevity of their enamelled products.
SIST EN ISO 4532:2022는 유리 및 도자기 에나멜의 충격 저항성을 측정하기 위한 테스트 방법을 명확하게 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 주로 생산 과정에서의 품질 관리를 위한 테스트로 사용되며, 에나멜의 접착력을 테스트하기 위한 용도가 아님을 명시하고 있습니다. 이러한 명확한 범위 설정은 사용자의 혼란을 줄이고, 효율적인 테스트 환경을 조성하는 데 기여합니다. 본 표준의 강점은 실용적이고 직관적인 충격 테스트 방법을 제공한다는 것입니다. Pistol 테스트 방식은 간단하면서도 효과적으로 제품의 내구성을 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시합니다. 이는 제조업체가 규정된 품질 기준을 준수하고, 제품의 안정성을 확보하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 또한, 표준의 부록 A와 B는 추가 정보로 제공되지만, 이들 역시 테스트의 이해를 돕는 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있습니다. SIST EN ISO 4532:2022는 산업계에서도 광범위하게 채택될 수 있는 신뢰성 있는 기준으로, 에나멜 제품의 품질 향상 및 소비자 안전 보장을 위한 중요한 역할을 합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN ISO 4532:2022는 제조업체들에게 유용한 기준을 제공하며, 에나멜 제품의 충격 저항성 테스트를 통해 품질 관리의 일환으로 활용될 수 있는 많은 장점을 지니고 있습니다.
Die SIST EN ISO 4532:2022 ist ein wichtiges Dokument, das sich mit der Prüfung der Widerstandsfähigkeit von glasierten und porzellanemaillierten Erzeugnissen gegen Aufprall befasst. Die Standardspezifikation beschreibt eine Prüfmethode, die als Kontrolltest in der Produktion verwendet wird. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt dieser Norm ist, dass sie nicht für die Prüfung der Haftung des Emails gedacht ist, was die Relevanz der Norm in der industriellen Anwendung unterstreicht. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der EN ISO 4532:2022 ist ihre klare Fokussierung auf die Qualitätssicherung innerhalb der Fertigung. Die Norm legt spezifische Kriterien und Verfahren fest, die sicherstellen, dass die emaillierten Produkte den Belastungen des Alltags standhalten können. Durch die Standardisierung des Pistoltests wird ein einheitliches Verfahren gewährleistet, das die Wiederholbarkeit und Zuverlässigkeit der Testergebnisse unterstützt. Des Weiteren enthält die Norm informative Anhänge A und B, die zusätzliche Einblicke in die Beurteilung der Prüfmethode geben, auch wenn sie nicht für die eigentliche Testdurchführung verwendet werden. Diese Informationen erweitern das Verständnis der Grundsätze, die hinter der Widerstandsfähigkeit von Emailoberflächen stehen, und fördern die Entwicklung von Produkten, die den hohen Erwartungen der Verbraucher gerecht werden. Insgesamt trägt die EN ISO 4532:2022 durch ihre detaillierte und praxisnahe Vorgehensweise entscheidend zur Verbesserung der Qualität und Sicherheit in der Produzierenden Industrie von emaillierten Artikeln bei. Die Norm ist für Hersteller von glasierten und porzellanemaillierten Produkten von großer Bedeutung, um die erforderlichen Qualitätsstandards zu erfüllen und ein hohes Maß an Kundenzufriedenheit zu gewährleisten.
SIST EN ISO 4532:2022は、ガラス質および磁器エナメルに関する標準であり、エナメル製品の耐衝撃性を評価するための銃式テストについて具体的な方法を示しています。この標準は、製造工程での品質管理における試験方法を定義しており、エナメルの接着性を評価するためのものではありません。したがって、この標準は特に製造業者に対し、生産効率を向上させるための重要な基準を提供しています。 EN ISO 4532:2022の主要な強みは、その実用性と明確性にあります。従業員が一貫した手順に従ってテストを実施できるように設計されているため、安定した品質の製品を提供する助けとなります。また、標準には附属書AおよびBが含まれているものの、これらはあくまで参考情報として位置づけられているため、使用する際に混乱を招くことがありません。 この標準の関連性は、エナメル市場の競争が激化する中、製造業者にとって益々重要性が増しています。顧客からの品質要求が高まる中で、SIST EN ISO 4532:2022は、製品の耐久性と安全性を確保するための強固な基盤を提供し、業界のベストプラクティスに準拠した製品開発を促進します。製造業者がこの標準を遵守することで、頻繁に発生する品質問題を事前に防止し、顧客満足度を向上させることが期待されます。










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