ASTM B94-94(2000)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: B 94 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Specification for
Magnesium-Alloy Die Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 94; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
2.3 American Die Casting Institute:
1.1 This specification covers magnesium-alloy die castings.
“E” Series Product Standards
Current alloy compositions are specified under the designations
2 2.4 Federal Standards:
shown in Table 1.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are standard. The
Fed. Std. No. 184 Identification Marking of Aluminum,
SI values in parentheses are provided for information only.
Magnesium and Titanium
2. Referenced Documents 2.5 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the
3. Terminology
extent referenced herein:
3.1 Definition:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
3.1.1 die casting—a metal object produced by the introduc-
B 93/B 93M Specification for Magnesium Alloys in Ingot
tion of molten metal under substantial pressure into a metal die
Form for Sand Castings, Permanent Mold Castings, and
and characterized by a high degree of fidelity to the die cavity.
Die Castings
B 275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Met-
4. Ordering Information
als and Alloys, Cast and Wrought
4.1 Orders for die castings shall include the following basic
B 557 Test Methods of Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
information:
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
4.1.1 This specification number and date,
B 660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and
3 4.1.2 Quantity and delivery schedule, as required,
Magnesium Products
4.1.3 Part name and number,
E 23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of
4 4.1.4 Alloy (Table 1), and
Metallic Materials
4.1.5 Drawing of die casting, when required, giving all
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
5 necessary dimensions and showing latest revisions and allow-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
ances for machining, if any. Location of ejector pin marks or
E 35 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Magnesium
6 parting lines shall be at the option of the producer, unless
and Magnesium Alloys
specifically designated on the drawing.
E 88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
6 4.2 Additional tests, options and special inspection require-
in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
ments as provided below should be justified only on the basis
E 505 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum
7 of need. These shall be specified in the contract or purchase
and Magnesium Die Castings
order, as additional procedures and extended delivery time may
be involved.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light 4.2.1 Chemical analysis (7.1.1),
Metals and Alloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.04 on
4.2.2 Quality assurance (Section 6),
Magnesium Alloy Cast and Wrought Products.
4.2.3 Special proof tests or mechanical properties (Section
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1994. Published April 1994. Originally
8),
published as B 94–34T. Last previous edition B 94–93.
SAE specifications No. 501 and 501A conform to the requirements for Alloy
4.2.4 General quality options for internal soundness or for
AZ91A and AZ91B respectively.
finish (Section 10),
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05. 9
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 94 – 94 (2000)
A,B,C,D
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Element UNS M10600 UNS M10410 UNS M10412 UNS M11910 UNS M11912 UNS M11916 UNS M10602 UNS M10500
(Alloy AM60A) (Alloy AS41A) (Alloy AS41B) (Alloy AZ91A) (Alloy AZ91B) (Alloy AZ91D) (Alloy AM60B) (Alloy AM50A)
Magnesium remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder remainder
Aluminum 5.5–6.5 3.5–5.0 3.5–5.0 8.3–9.7 8.3–9.7 8.3–9.7 5.5–6.5 4.4–5.4
E E E E
Manganese 0.13–0.6 0.20–0.50 0.35–0.7 0.13–0.50 0.13–0.50 0.15–0.50 0.24–0.6 0.26–0.6
Zinc 0.22 0.12 0.12 0.35–1.0 0.35–1.0 0.35–1.0 0.22 max 0.22
Silicon 0.50 0.50–1.5 0.50–1.5 0.50 0.50 0.10 0.10 0.10
Copper 0.35 0.06 0.02 0.10 0.35 0.030 0.010 0.010
Nickel 0.03 0.03 0.002 0.03 0.03 0.002 0.002 0.002
E E E E
Iron, max . . 0.0035 . . 0.005 0.005 0.004
Other metallic impuri- . . 0.02 . . 0.02 0.02 0.02
ties, max, each
A
Analysis shall regularly be made only for the elements specifically mentioned in this table. If, however, the presence of other elements is suspected or indicated in the
course of routine analysis, further analysis shall be made to determine that these other elements are not in excess of 0.3 %.
B
The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of acceptance and rejection an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis should
be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Section
3 of Practice E 29.
C
Where single units are shown, these indicate the maximum amounts permitted.
D
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B 275, UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E 527.
E
In alloys AS41B, AM50A, AM60B, and AZ91D, if either the minimum manganese limit or the maximum iron limit is not met, then the iron/manganese ratio shall not
exceed 0.010, 0.015, 0.021, and 0.032, respectively.
4.2.5 Source inspection (Section 11), marking. The producer or supplier may use a system of
4.2.6 Certification (Section 12), statistical quality control for such examinations.
4.2.7 Marking for identification (Section 14), and
4.2.8 Special packaging (Section 15).
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Limits—The die casting shall conform to the require-
5. Materials
ments as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
5.1 The magnesium alloys used for the manufacture of die
Conformance shall be determined by the producer by analyzing
castings shall be such that the die castings produced will
samples taken at the time castings are made. If the producer has
conform to the chemical composition requirements of this
determined the chemical composition of the metal during the
specification. Ingot in accordance with Specification B 93/
course of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample and
B 93M may be used but is not restricted to this source.
analyze the finished product.
7.1.1 When a detailed chemical analysis is required with a
6. Quality Assurance
shipment, it shall be called for in the contract or purchase order.
6.1 Responsibility for Inspection—When specified in the
7.1.2 If the producer’s or supplier’s method of composition
contract or purchase order, the producer or supplier is respon-
control is acceptable, sampling for chemical analysis may be
sible for the performance of all inspection and test require-
waived at the discretion of the purchaser.
ments specified herein. Except as otherwise specified in the
7.2 Number of Samples—When required, samples for deter-
contract or order, the producer or supplier may use his own or
mination of chemical composition shall be taken to represent
any other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspec-
the following:
tion and test requirements specified herein, unless disapproved
7.2.1 A sample shall be taken from each of two representa-
by the purchaser. The purchaser shall have the right to perform
tive castings selected from each lot defined in Section 6.2.1.
any of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification.
7.3 Methods of Sampling—Samples from die castings for
Quality assurance standards shall be agreed upon between the
determination of chemical composition shall be taken in
producer or supplier and purchaser at the time a contract or
accordance with one of the following methods:
order is placed.
7.3.1 Samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the
6.2 Lot Definition—An inspection lot shall be defined as
material by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping a
follows:
representative piece or pieces to obtain a weight of prepared
6.2.1 An inspection lot shall consist of the production from
sample not less than 75 g. Sampling shall be in accordance
each die or compound die on each machine for each 24 h
with Practice E 88.
during the first week of normal operation and the production
7.3.2 By agreement, an appropriate spectrographic sample
for each 48 h thereafter of normal operation. Any significant
may be prepared at time of manufacture.
change in the machine, composition, die or continuity of
7.3.3 The method of sampling cast products for spectro-
operation shall be considered as the start of a new lot. Die
chemical and other methods of analysis shall be suitable for the
castings inspected by this method shall be so marked or
form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical
handled during the finishing operations as not to lose their
method used.
identity.
6.2.2 Each die casting of a randomly selected sample shall 7.4 Method of Analysis—The determination of chemical
be examined to determine conformance to the requirements composition shall be made in accordance with suitable chemi-
with respect to general quality, dimensions and identification cal (Test Methods E 35), spectrochemical, or other methods. In
B 94 – 94 (2000)
case of dispute, the results secured by Test Methods E 35 shall 11.2 When such inspection or witness of inspection and
be the basis of acceptance. testing is agreed upon, the producer or supplier shall afford the
purchaser’s representative all reasonable facilities to satisfy
8. Mechanical Properties and Tests
him that the product meets the requirements of this specifica-
tion. Inspection and tests shall be conducted so there is no
8.1 Unless specified in the contract or purchase order or
unnecessary interference with the producer’s operations.
specifically guaranteed by the manufacturer, acceptance of
die castings under these specifications shall not depend on
12. Rejection and Retest
mechanical properties determined by tension or impact tests.
Tables X1.1 and X1.2show typical mechanical properties and
12.1 When one or more samples, depending on the ap-
characteristics. When tension or impact tests are made, the
proved sampling plan, fail to meet the requirements of this
tension test specimen shown in Fig. 13 of Methods B 557, and
specification, the represented lot is subject to rejection except
the impact test specimen shown in Fig. 6 of Test Methods E 23
as otherwise provided in 12.2.
shall be used.
12.2 Lots rejected for failure to meet the requirements of
8.2 When specified in the contract or purchase order, die
this specification may be resubmitted for test provided:
castings shall withstand proof tests without failure as defined
12.2.1 The producer has removed the nonconforming mate-
by agreement between the purchaser and the producer or
rial or the producer has reworked the rejected lot as necessary
supplier.
to correct the deficiencies.
12.3 Individual castings that show injurious imperfections
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
during subsequent manufacturing operations may be rejected.
9.1 Permissible variations in dimensions shall be within the
The producer or supplier shall be responsible only for replace-
limits specified on the drawings or in the contract or purchase
ment of the rejected castings to the purchaser. As much of the
order.
rejected original material as possible shall be returned to the
9.1.1 Any dimensions for which a tolerance is not specified
producer or supplier.
shall be in accord with ADCI Product Standard Series E1 to
E16 inclusive.
13. Certification
9.2 Dimensional tolerance deviations waived by the pur-
chaser shall be confirmed in writing to the producer or supplier.
13.1 The producer or supplier shall, when called for in the
contract or purchase order, furnish to the purchaser a certificate
10. General Quality
of inspection stating that each lot has been sampled, tested, and
inspected in accordance with this specification, and has been
10.1 Internal Soundness—When specified, the soundness of
found to meet the requirements specified.
die castings shall conform to standards or requirements agreed
upon between the producer or supplier and the purchaser. The
14. Product Marking
number and extent of imperfections shall not exceed those
specified by the purchaser. The standards or requirements may
14.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, all
consist of radiographs in accordance with Reference Radio-
castings shall be properly marked for identification with the
graphs E 505, photographs, or sectioned die castings.
part number, name or brand of the producer, as agreed upon.
10.2 Imperfections inherent in die castings shall not be
Government applications shall be marked in accordance with
cause for rejection provided it is demonstrated that the die
Fed. Std. No. 184.
castings are in accordance with the requirements and standards
agreed upon.
15. Packaging, Marking, and Storage
10.3 Workmanship—Die castings shall be of uniform qual-
15.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified, the die cast-
ity, free from injurious discontinuities that will adversely affect
ings shall be packaged to provide adequate protection during
their serviceability.
normal handling and transportation. Each package shall con-
10.4 Finish—When specified in the contract or purchase
tain only one type of item unless otherwise agreed upon. The
order the as-cast surface finish required shall conform to
type of packaging and gross weight of containers shall, unless
standards agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer
otherwise agreed upon, be at the producer’s discretion, pro-
or supplier, or as prescribed in ADCI Product Standard E 18.
vided they are such as to ensure ac
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