ASTM D4519-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for On-Line Determination of Anions and Carbon Dioxide in High Purity Water by Cation Exchange and Degassed Cation Conductivity
Standard Test Method for On-Line Determination of Anions and Carbon Dioxide in High Purity Water by Cation Exchange and Degassed Cation Conductivity
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be a useful diagnostic tool in measuring the impurities and detecting their sources in high purity water, the steam condensate of high pressure power plants, and in the process water of certain industries requiring water of the highest purity attainable.
The measurement of such impurities is most important to these industries since plant outages or product contamination can result from events such as condenser leakage. Also, water quality deviations can occur from condensate polishing and makeup water equipment malfunctions.
The continuous measurement and trends provided by this test method are of particular interest and can indicate the need for corrections in water treating or operating procedures and equipment. The equipment for this test method can be considered more rugged and adaptable to installation under plant operating conditions than the more accurate laboratory methods, such as ion chromatography and atomic absorption.
SCOPE
1.1 This on-line test method includes hydrogen exchange and degassing by boiling and provides means for determining anions (such as Cl −, SO4−−, NO 3−, and F −) at levels as low as 2 μg/L (2 ppb) and carbon dioxide at the level of 0.01 to 10 mg/L (ppm) at 25°C in high purity water and steam condensate by measuring electrical conductivity.
1.2 The conductivity of all anions (except OH −) is determined and not the conductivity of an individual anion if more than one is present. If only one anion is present (such as Cl − or SO4 −−), reference to Table 1 and Table 2 or Figs. 1-3 provides the chloride or sulfate and CO2 concentration.
1.3 This test method has been improved in accuracy by using a modern microprocessor instrument for conductivity and temperature measurement and appropriate temperature compensation algorithms for compensation to 25°C.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D4519 − 10
StandardTest Method for
On-Line Determination of Anions and Carbon Dioxide in
High Purity Water by Cation Exchange and Degassed Cation
1
Conductivity
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This on-line test method includes hydrogen exchange 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and degassing by boiling and provides means for determining D1066Practice for Sampling Steam
− −− − −
anions(suchasCl ,SO ,NO ,andF )atlevelsaslowas D1125Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
4 3
2 µg/L (2 ppb) and carbon dioxide at the level of 0.01 to 10 tivity of Water
mg/L(ppm)at25°Cinhighpuritywaterandsteamcondensate D1129Terminology Relating to Water
by measuring electrical conductivity. D1192Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam
3
− in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
1.2 The conductivity of all anions (except OH ) is deter-
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
mined and not the conductivity of an individual anion if more
− D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
than one is present. If only one anion is present (such as Cl
−−
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
or SO ), reference to Table 1 and Table 2 or Figs. 1-3
4
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
provides the chloride or sulfate and CO concentration.
2
3. Terminology
1.3 This test method has been improved in accuracy by
using a modern microprocessor instrument for conductivity
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
and temperature measurement and appropriate temperature
method,refertoTestMethodsD1125andTerminologyD1129.
compensation algorithms for compensation to 25°C.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 Thistestmethodmeasurestheanionconcentration(such
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
− −−
asCl andSO )bymeasuringtheelectricalconductivityof
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each 4
theanionsafterpassingcooledcondensateorhighpuritywater
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
throughacationexchangerinthehydrogenform,thenthrough
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
an electric reboiler. Passage through the cation resin replaces
with the standard.
cations (including ammonia and amines) in the water with
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
hydrogen ions. This eliminates interference in the measure-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ment of anions. Three conductivity cells located in the instru-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mentprovidemeasurementsoftheinfluentconductivity,cation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
conductivity at the incoming sample temperature, and the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
effluent conductivity at atmospheric boiling water temperature
after acidic (volatile) gas removal. Conductivity values are
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Water-Formed Deposits,Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published March 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4519–94(2005). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D4519-10. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4519 − 10
TABLE 1 Increase in Conductivity of Pure Water Expressed as
Chloride Ion or Sulfate Ion
Conductivity due to Concentration Conductivity due to Concentration
Chlorides Chlorides (PPB) Sulfates Sulfates (PPB)
0.0548 0.0 0.0548 0.0
0.0595 1 0.0608 1
0.0651 2 0.0669 2
0.0717 3 0.0732 3
0.0791 4 0.0797 4
0.0872 5 0.0862 5
0.0958 6 0.0929 6
0.1049 7 0.0997 7
0.1145 8 0.1066 8
0.1243 9 0.1137 9
0.1344 10 0.1208 10
0.2427 20 0.1969 20
0.3560 30 0.2780 30
0.4709 40 0.3616 40
0.5865 50 0.4455 50
0.7023 60 0.5320 60
0.8183 70 0.6181 70
0.9345 80 0
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4519–94(Reapproved2005) Designation:D4519–10
Standard Test Method for
On-Line Determination of Anions and Carbon Dioxide in
High Purity Water by Cation Exchange and Degassed Cation
1
Conductivity
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This on-line test method includes hydrogen exchange and degassing by boiling and provides means for determining anions
− 4−− −− − −
(suchasCl ,SO ,SO ,NO ,andF )atlevelsaslowas2µg/L(2ppb)andcarbondioxideatthelevelof0.01to10mg/L
4 3
(ppm) at 25°C in high purity water and steam condensate by measuring electrical conductivity.
−
1.2 The conductivity of all anions (except OH ) is determined and not the conductivity of an individual anion if more than
− −−
one is present. If only one anion is present (such as Cl or SO ), reference to Table 1 and Table 2 or Figs. 1-3 provides the
4
chloride or sulfate and CO concentration.
2
1.3 This test method has been improved in accuracy by using a modern microprocessor instrument for conductivity and
temperature measurement and appropriate temperature compensation algorithms for compensation to 25°C.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Test Methods D1125 and Terminology D1129.
4. Summary of Test Method
− −−
4.1 This test method measures the anion concentration (such as Cl and SO ) by measuring the electrical conductivity of
4
the anions after passing cooled condensate or high purity water through a cation exchanger in the hydrogen form, then through
an electric reboiler. Passage through the cation resin replaces cations (including ammonia and amines) in the water with hydrogen
ions. This eliminates interference in the measurement of anions. Three conductivity cells located in the instrument provide
measurements of the influent conductivity, cation conductivity at the incoming sample temperature, and the effluent conductivity
atatmosphericboilingwatertemperatureafteracidic(volatile)gasremoval.Conductivityvaluesarethencorrectedto25°C.While
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling of Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.Water.
Current edition approved Jan.Dec. 1, 2005.2010. Published January 2005.March 2011. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 19992005 as
´1
D4519–94(1999) .D4519–94(2005). DOI: 10.1520/D4519-94R05.10.1520/D4519-10.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4519–10
TABLE 1 Increase in Conductivity of Pure Water Expressed as
Chloride Ion or Sulfate Ion
Conductivity due to Concentration Conductivity due to Concentration
Chlorides Chlorides (PPB) Sulfates Sulfates (PPB)
0.054
...
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