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ASTM C664-87(2005)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating

Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A diffusion coating is one produced by causing an element or elements to react with or diffuse into, or both, the surface of a metallic substrate, thus chemically altering the substrate adjacent to the surface. To appreciate the significance of coating thickness measurements one must understand the contributions to a particular coating of solid-solution zones in the substrate and reaction products such as intermetallic compounds.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for measuring the thickness of diffusion coatings.
1.2 Test Method A is the determination of the dimensional-change thickness, defined as the difference in the thickness of the part before and after coating. (The terms micrometer thickness and part growth are considered synonymous with dimensional change thickness.)
1.3 Test Method B is the determination of total coating thickness, defined as the distance between the observably unaffected substrate and the exterior surface of the coating. This includes the total of all included phases, zones and layers. (The term case depth is considered to be synonymous with total coating thickness.) The total coating thickness is determined by cross-sectioning the coating, preparing a metallurgical mount and microscopically measuring the coating thickness.
1.4 The total coating thickness as determined microscopically from a cross-section will usually be greater than, or equal to, the dimensional change thickness determined by part growth. When the coating is produced primarily by reaction with the substrate, the substrate-coating interface recedes as the substrate is consumed in the reaction. In such cases the difference between the total coating thickness and the dimensional change thickness is the thickness of the substrate consumed.
1.5 Diffusion coatings are usually formed at elevated temperatures for service at elevated temperatures. This means that diffusion coatings are dynamic systems which are continually undergoing changes while in an elevated-temperature environment. It is necessary to know that certain phases are growing at the expense of others and to know the previous history of a coating to understand the significance of coating thickness data.
1.6 Values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Sep-2005
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.12 - Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C664-87(1999) - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating
Effective Date
15-Sep-2005
Replaced By
ASTM C664-10 - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating
Effective Date
01-Apr-2010
Referred By
ASTM B874-96(2018) - Standard Specification for Chromium Diffusion Coating Applied by Pack Cementation Process
Effective Date
15-Sep-2005
Referred By
ASTM B875-96(2018) - Standard Specification for Aluminum Diffusion Coating Applied by Pack Cementation Process
Effective Date
15-Sep-2005

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ASTM C664-87(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion CoatingASTM C664-87(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating
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ASTM C664-87(2005) - Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:C664–87(Reapproved2005)
Standard Test Methods for
Thickness of Diffusion Coating
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C664; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for measuring
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the thickness of diffusion coatings.
1.2 Test Method A is the determination of the dimensional-
2. Referenced Documents
change thickness, defined as the difference in the thickness of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the part before and after coating. (The terms micrometer
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
thickness and part growth are considered synonymous with
lation
dimensional change thickness.)
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
1.3 Test Method B is the determination of total coating
thickness, defined as the distance between the observably
3. Significance and Use
unaffected substrate and the exterior surface of the coating.
3.1 A diffusion coating is one produced by causing an
This includes the total of all included phases, zones and layers.
element or elements to react with or diffuse into, or both, the
(Thetermcasedepthisconsideredtobesynonymouswithtotal
surface of a metallic substrate, thus chemically altering the
coatingthickness.)Thetotalcoatingthicknessisdeterminedby
substrate adjacent to the surface. To appreciate the significance
cross-sectioning the coating, preparing a metallurgical mount
of coating thickness measurements one must understand the
and microscopically measuring the coating thickness.
contributions to a particular coating of solid-solution zones in
1.4 The total coating thickness as determined microscopi-
the substrate and reaction products such as intermetallic
cally from a cross-section will usually be greater than, or equal
compounds.
to, the dimensional change thickness determined by part
growth. When the coating is produced primarily by reaction
4. Test Method A
withthesubstrate,thesubstrate-coatinginterfacerecedesasthe
4.1 Apparatus—The instrument shall be a machinist’s type
substrate is consumed in the reaction. In such cases the
micrometer without a locking device. If calibrated in inches, it
difference between the total coating thickness and the dimen-
shall be constructed with a vernier reading to 0.0001 in. (0.1
sional change thickness is the thickness of the substrate
mil). If calibrated in metric units, it shall be capable of reading
consumed.
to 0.01 mm. It shall have a ratchet or similar mechanism, such
1.5 Diffusion coatings are usually formed at elevated tem-
as a friction thimble, for controlling measuring pressure and
peratures for service at elevated temperatures. This means that
shallhaveanvilandspindlesurfaces6.00 60.03mm(0.250 6
diffusion coatings are dynamic systems which are continually
0.001 in.) in diameter. It shall meet all other requirements and
undergoing changes while in an elevated-temperature environ-
calibration procedure for Method A of Test Method D374.
ment. It is necessary to know that certain phases are growing at
4.2 Procedure:
the expense of others and to know the previous history of a
4.2.1 Clean the area selected for coating-thickness measure-
coating to understand the significance of coating thickness
ment of dust or other powdery materials prior to coating.
data.
Record the precise area to be measured, so that the same area
1.6 Values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
can be remeasured after coating.
Inch-pound units are provided for information only.
4.2.2 Take a minimum of two readings, using the machin-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ist’s micrometer, in each area selected. Use the same procedure
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for using the micrometer as that stipulated in Test Methods
D374.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B08.12 on Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C664 – 87 (1999). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C0664-87R05. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C664–87 (2005)
4.2.3 Aftertheparthasbeencoatedandthesurfacehasbeen image of the coating to the closest 1.27 mm (0.05 in.). The
cleaned of superficial powder or dirt, repeat the measurement exterior b
...

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1.1 This test method covers the use of magnetic instruments for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of nonmagnetic coatings over ferrous or other magnetic base metals. It is intended to supplement manufacturers’ instructions for the operation of the instruments and is not intended to replace them.
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Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Diffusion Coating

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 A diffusion coating is one produced by causing an element or elements to react with or diffuse into, or both, the surface of a metallic substrate, thus chemically altering the substrate adjacent to the surface. To appreciate the significance of coating thickness measurements one must understand the contributions to a particular coating of solid-solution zones in the substrate and reaction products such as intermetallic compounds.
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1.1 These test methods cover two procedures for measuring the thickness of diffusion coatings.  
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1.3 Test Method B is the determination of total coating thickness, defined as the distance between the observably unaffected substrate and the exterior surface of the coating. This includes the total of all included phases, zones and layers. (The term case depth is considered to be synonymous with total coating thickness.) The total coating thickness is determined by cross-sectioning the coating, preparing a metallurgical mount and microscopically measuring the coating thickness.  
1.4 The total coating thickness as determined microscopically from a cross-section will usually be greater than, or equal to, the dimensional change thickness determined by part growth. When the coating is produced primarily by reaction with the substrate, the substrate-coating interface recedes as the substrate is consumed in the reaction. In such cases the difference between the total coating thickness and the dimensional change thickness is the thickness of the substrate consumed.  
1.5 Diffusion coatings are usually formed at elevated temperatures for service at elevated temperatures. This means that diffusion coatings are dynamic systems which are continually undergoing changes while in an elevated-temperature environment. It is necessary to know that certain phases are growing at the expense of others and to know the previous history of a coating to understand the significance of coating thickness data.  
1.6 Values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.  
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1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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