ASTM F1014-02(2012)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F1014 −02 (Reapproved 2012) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Flashlights on Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1014; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Reapproved with editorial changes in October 2012.
1. Scope 3.1.1 lot—amanufacturersproductionrunforaspecifictype
of flashlight.
1.1 This specification covers three types of flashlights (see
Section 4). 3.1.2 order batch—the size of a specific contract or pur-
chase order taken from the lot.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.3 production testing—the testing performed during a lot
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only. run of specific flashlights.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
4. Classification
test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
4.1 The three types of flashlights covered in this specifica-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
tion are classified as follows:
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and
4.1.1 Type I—Flashlights for use in lifeboats and liferafts.
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
4.1.2 Type II—Flashlights for use in hazardous locations
regulatory limitations prior to use.
where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to the presence
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
of flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dust, or ignitable fibers or flyings.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1.3 Type III—Flashlights for use in lifeboats and liferafts
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and suitable for hazardous locations.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2 Type I flashlights shall be manufactured in accordance
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
with Sections 2–11. Type II flashlights shall meet the
2. Referenced Documents requirements in Sections 11 and 12. Type III flashlights shall
2 meet the requirements in Sections2–12.
2.1 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-105DSampling Procedures and Tables for In-
5. Materials and Manufacture
spection by Attributes
2.2 UL Standard:
5.1 Materials—All materials used in the construction of
UL Standard No. 783Standard for Safety Electric Flash-
these flashlights shall be of a quality suitable for the purpose
lights and Lanterns for Use in Hazardous (Classified)
intended and shall conform to the requirements of this speci-
Locations
fication.
5.2 Manufacture—Plastic, when used, shall be a suitable
3. Terminology
thermoplastic or thermosetting material so molded as to
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
produce a dense solid structure, uniform in texture, finish, and
mechanical properties.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on
6. General Requirements
Electrical.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
6.1 Each flashlight shall be a three-cell light.
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1014–02 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/F1014-02R12E01.
6.2 Each flashlight shall provide a concentrated beam of
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
light. When used in this specification, a concentrated beam of
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
3 light is light projected in a nearly parallel beam and is used to
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,
Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com. illuminate objects at considerable distances.
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F1014−02 (2012)
6.3 The flashlight shall show no leakage of water and shall 7.6 Lamp Holder—The lamp shall be firmly positioned in
beinperfectworkingorderfollowingthetestprescribedin9.2. the reflector. It shall be so positioned that the lamp, when
assembled in the holder, shall have its filament located at the
6.4 The proportions and design of each flashlight shall be
focus of the reflector, with the accuracy necessary to produce a
suchthattheassembledunitcompletewithlampandcellsshall
concentrated beam of light as specified in 9.7. It shall have
be capable of withstanding, without breakage or material
sufficient rigidity so as not to become distorted when the
distortionofanypartandwithoutupsettingthelampfocus,the
flashlight is completely assembled with cells and lamp. Means
test specified in 9.6. Damage of lamp filament or shifting of
shall be provided to protect the lamp from damage by battery
filament within the lamp as a result of this test shall not be
impact and for conveniently removing and replacing the lamp.
cause for rejection of the flashlight if the flashlight operates
The mounting adjustment shall have sufficient stability to
when the spare lamp is used.
retain the focal adjustment of the lamp under a condition of
6.5 Each flashlight must be furnished with two lamps. One
vibration, and when the flashlight is tested in accordance with
oftheselampsisaspareandmustbecontainedwithinthebody
9.1.2.
of the flashlight, either in the end cap or reflector head area.
7.7 Switch—The switch shall be conveniently located and
6.6 All metal parts of each flashlight shall be made of
securely attached to the flashlight. It shall be provided with a
corrosion-resistant material. All copper or copper-alloy parts permanent “ON” position, a manually operable signaling or
coming in contact with rubber shall not corrode or disintegrate
“FLASHING” position, and a locked “OFF” position. It shall
the rubber.
be provided with means to prevent accidental closing of the
lamp circuit. The switch parts and switch contact strip shall be
6.7 The construction of each flashlight shall be such that a
adequatelyinsulatedsothatitwillbeimpossibleformetal-clad
metalliccontactoutsidethecasecannotclosethebatterycircuit
cells to close a circuit when the switch is on the “OFF”
and cause the light to come on.
position. The flashlight shall be designed with a switch guard.
6.8 Each flashlight shall be provided with means to prevent
Contact springs shall be of phosphor bronze, spring brass, or
it from rolling.
other corrosion-resistant equivalent material.
7.8 Suspension Member—Each flashlight shall be equipped
7. Physical Requirements
withasuitablesuspensionringorclip.Theringorclipshallbe
7.1 Dimensions—Each flashlight shall not exceed 11 ⁄2 in. tested as specified in 9.8.
(292 mm) in length and shall have a lens ring diameter of no
more than 2 ⁄2 in. (63.5 mm). 8. Workmanship
7.2 Case, Lens Head Ring, and End Cap: 8.1 Flashlights shall be of sturdy construction and free of
mechanical, electrical, or other imperfections or defects that
7.2.1 The flashlight case must be suitable to receive three
materially affect appearance or that may affect quality,
commercialD-sizedrycells.Theexterioroftheflashlightshall
reliability, or serviceability. The finished flashlight shall not
have molded flutes or ribs to provide a satisfactory gripping
contain rough edges, burrs, blemishes, or other disfigurements
surface when wet. Cells must be held in the case under
and shall be clean, free from rust, toolmarks, pits, and other
sufficient pressure to ensure good contact and to prevent
injurious defects.
breaking of the circuit when the flashlight is tested in accor-
8.1.1 Threaded parts shall be smooth and close fitting and
dancewith9.1.2.Theflashlightmustbeconstructedsothatthe
cells are readily replaceable. shallbecapableofbeingeasilymovedbyhandrelativetoeach
other. Threaded parts shall not jump or change adjustment
7.2.2 The case, ring, and cap, need not be made of the same
when being put together or when subjected to the tests in
material but cooperating threaded surfaces should be of the
Section 9.
same type material.
7.3 Lens—The lens shall be of good quality, laminated,
9. Test Methods
shatter-proof glass or clear plastic, free from bubbles, striae,
9.1 Switches:
wrinkles, or other defects and blemishes that would affect the
9.1.1 Switch Leakage—With the lamp and reflector
light distribution. The lens shall be secured to the lens head
removed, insert fresh batteries into the flashlight. Connect a
ringbyasuitableretainingringorotherdevicesoastoprevent
voltmeter across the switch and battery or the switch and
it from being dropped when the lens head ring is unscrewed.
battery contacts, as appropriate, in such a way as to read the
7.4 Reflector—The reflector may be of metal or plastic and
battery voltage through the switch. With the switch in the
musthavesufficientrigiditysoasnottobecomedistortedwhen
“OFF” position, read the voltage. Any distinguishable deflec-
the flashlight is completely assembled with cells and lamp. It
tion of the meter hand when the meter is set in the voltage
must have an essentially parabolic reflec
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