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ASTM F3522-22

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder Spreadability

Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder Spreadability

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The overall aim of this guide is to provide a common understanding of spreadability in relation to powder bed AM. This guide provides an overview of spreadability parameters and measurement methods that could be used to measure these parameters. These parameters could be used as the basis to develop process specifications for the powder bed.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides definitions of the spreading behavior or spreadability of metal powder feedstock used in powder bed additive manufacturing (AM) – Powder Bed Fusion and Metal Binder Jetting. Definitions are made in terms of powder bed characteristic parameters, and suggests measurement methods that could be used to measure these parameters.  
1.2 This standard is intended for the producers and users of powder feedstock used in powder bed AM to provide a common understanding of spreadability parameters. These parameters can be used as the basis for developing powder specifications that ensure proper powder spreadability.  
1.3 This guide provides guidance to manufacturers and users of AM machines by providing possible techniques to quantify powder bed spreadability, and highlighting possible process parameters that may affect this spreadability. These parameters can be used as the basis for developing process specifications and for developing measures to improve the quality of spreadability in AM processes.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard units. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Nov-2022
ICS
25.030 - Additive manufacturing
Technical Committee
F42 - Additive Manufacturing Technologies
Drafting Committee
F42.01 - Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F3522-22 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder SpreadabilityASTM F3522-22 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder Spreadability
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ASTM F3522-22 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials — Assessment of Powder Spreadability
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3522 − 22
Standard Guide for
Additive Manufacturing of Metals — Feedstock Materials —
1
Assessment of Powder Spreadability
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3522; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide provides definitions of the spreading behav-
B243Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
ior or spreadability of metal powder feedstock used in powder
2
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standard:
bed additive manufacturing (AM) – Powder Bed Fusion and
52900Additive manufacturing – General principles – Fun-
Metal Binder Jetting. Definitions are made in terms of powder
damentals and vocabulary
bed characteristic parameters, and suggests measurement
3
2.3 ISO Standard:
methods that could be used to measure these parameters.
ISO 25178-2Geometrical product specifications (GPS) –
1.2 This standard is intended for the producers and users of
Surface texture: Areal – Part 2: Terms, definitions and
powder feedstock used in powder bed AM to provide a
surface texture parameters
common understanding of spreadability parameters. These
parameters can be used as the basis for developing powder 3. Terminology
specifications that ensure proper powder spreadability.
3.1 Definitions—Powder metallurgy terms can be found in
Terminology B243 andAM processes and terms can be found
1.3 This guide provides guidance to manufacturers and
in Terminology ISO/ASTM 52900.
users of AM machines by providing possible techniques to
quantify powder bed spreadability, and highlighting possible
4. Significance and Use
process parameters that may affect this spreadability. These
4.1 The overall aim of this guide is to provide a common
parameters can be used as the basis for developing process
understanding of spreadability in relation to powder bed AM.
specifications and for developing measures to improve the
This guide provides an overview of spreadability parameters
quality of spreadability in AM processes.
and measurement methods that could be used to measure these
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
parameters. These parameters could be used as the basis to
standard units. No other units of measurement are included in
develop process specifications for the powder bed.
this standard.
5. Introduction/Background
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Understanding of powder spreading behavior or spread-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ability is essential for ensuring that powder feedstock material
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
can be processed in powder bed AM machines. Desirable
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
spreadability is the one that results in a powder bed with a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
uniformlayerthicknessandpowderbeddensity,asmootheven
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
surface, an equal particle size distribution across the bed, and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
with an absence of defects.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 5.2 There are a range of test methods that can measure
powder flow properties; however, it is not clear if these tests
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. adequately address the requirement for spreadability in the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F42 on Additive contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F42.01 on Test Methods. the ASTM website.
3
CurrenteditionapprovedNov.15,2022.PublishedJanuary2023.DOI:10.1520/ Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
F3522-22. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3522 − 22
powder bedAM process. This challenge is exacerbated by the 6.3 The scope of spreadability relates to the pr
...

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1.7.6 The implementation details of how data should be exported from proprietary data management systems to the common data exchange format.  
1.7.7 Guidelines for creating unique identifiers for data module records  
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5.1 Particle characterization, especially particle size distribution, has been an important parameter for quality control (QC) and research and development (R&D) in a very wide variety of industries and markets, anywhere a particulate system is a final product or an intermediate constituent somewhere in the process. But size alone is not a sufficient morphological measurement to use to understand many factors of the complete particle morphology of particulate systems and their effects on other properties. This information is expected to contribute to the understanding of the effects of shape on powder spreadability and flowability in the creation of the bed in powder bed fusion AM and the density and porosity of the final AM parts (definitions in ISO/ASTM 52900 and Terminology B243). Ultimately, specifications can be developed for quality control (QC) tolerances for these shape parameters that can be measured with a straightforward, fast automated analysis
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