ASTM B864/B864M-00

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Designation: B 864/B 864M – 00
Standard Specification for
Corrugated Aluminum Box Culverts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 864/B 864M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * nized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
A 153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
1.1 This specification covers material, geometric, and wall
Iron and Steel Hardware
section properties of aluminum box culverts manufactured
A 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs,
from corrugated plate or sheet, with attached rib stiffeners, for
60 000 psi Tensile Strength
field assembly. Appropriate fasteners and optional materials,
A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
such as aluminum invert plates and headwalls, are also
A 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
described. Applications for aluminum box culverts include
[Metric]
conduits for gravity flow drainage of surface water, such as
B 221/B 221M Specification for Aluminum and
culverts and storm drains, as well as for small bridges and
Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Shapes and
grade separation structures such as pedestrian or vehicular
Tubes
underpasses, and utility tunnels.
B 746/B 746M Specification for Corrugated Aluminum
1.2 This specification does not include requirements for
Alloy Structural Plate for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches,
foundations,backfill,ortherelationshipbetweenearthcoveror
and Arches
live loads and strength requirements. These important design
B 790/B 790M Practice for Structural Design of Corrugated
considerations are described in the AASHTO Standard Speci-
Aluminum Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Culverts,
fications for Highway Bridges.
Storm Sewers, and Other Buried Conduits
1.3 This specification does not include requirements for the
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
hydraulic design of these structures. Hydraulic design, place-
Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges
ment of footings or inverts, and end treatments to resist scour
2.3 FHWA Standard:
are described in FHWA HDS No. 5.
HDS No. 5, Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts, Report
1.4 Appendix X1 lists nominal dimensions of box culvert
No. FHWA-IP-85-15
sizes commonly available. Also listed are cross-sectional area
and hydraulic design parameters for these sizes.
3. Terminology
1.5 Appendix X2 lists manufacturer’s suggested design
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
properties for the rib stiffener types, spacing classes, and
3.1.1 box culvert—a generally rectangular conduit having a
material thicknesses described in this specification.
cross section symmetric about a vertical axis, with a long
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
radius crown segment, short radius haunch segments, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
straight side segments, with rib stiffeners (see Fig. 1).
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3.1.2 crown—the long radius top arc segment of a box
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
culvert cross section (see Fig. 1).
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
3.1.3 haunch—the short radius segments at the upper cor-
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
ners of a box culvert cross section, making the transition
cation.
between the long radius crown segment and the straight side
2. Referenced Documents segments (see Fig. 1).
3.1.4 rib stiffeners—spaced extruded aluminum structural
2.1 ASTM Standards:
members, curved to the shape of the transverse cross section of
A 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A 123/A 123M Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galva-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
1 4
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.
Metals and Alloys and is under the direct responsibility of B07.08 on Aluminum Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
Culvert. Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published August 2000. Originally Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 225, Washington, DC.
published as B 864/B 864M-95. Last previous edition B 864/B 864M-95. Available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04. 22161.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 864/B 864M
FIG. 1 Box Culvert Geometry
box culverts and attached by field-bolting to the corrugated 4. Classification
plate shell (see Fig. 1).
4.1 Aluminum box culverts consist ofa9by2 ⁄2 in. [229 by
3.1.5 rise—the clear inside vertical dimension from the
64 mm] corrugated aluminum plate shell in combination with
bottom of the straight side segments of a box culvert to the
extruded aluminum stiffening ribs. The plate thickness, stiff-
crown, measured at the axis of symmetry (see Fig. 1).
enertype,andspacingclassatthecrownandhaunchofthebox
3.1.6 shell—the continuous, structural enclosure of the box
culvert may differ, provided they satisfy the ordering informa-
culvert consisting of modular, field-assembled, and bolted
tion and the design properties (see 5.1 and 6.1). The plate
corrugated aluminum plate members forming the crown,
thickness and stiffener type and spacing class may be varied
haunch, and side segments (see Fig. 1).
along the length of the box culvert in accordance with cover
3.1.7 span—the clear inside horizontal dimension of a box and loading requirements, as agreed upon between the pur-
culvert, measured at the bottom of the straight side segments chaser and the fabricator.
(see Fig. 1). 4.2 Rib Stiffener Type and Spacing Class:
Type 1 Type 2
Alloy 6061-T6 6061-T6
Yield Strength 35 ksi [241.3 MPa] 35 ksi [241.3 MPa
Tensile Strength 38 ksi [262.0 MPa] 38 ksi [262.0 MPa]
2 2 2 2
Area 1.71 in. [1103 mm]2.27in. [1465 mm ]
Center of Area Yc = 1.02 in. [26.0 mm] Yc = 1.76 in. [44.8 mm]
3 3 3 3
Plastic Modulus 1.70 in. [27 858 mm]2.68in. [43 917 mm ]
k-ft k-ft
Plastic Moment Mp = 4.97 [6.72 kN-m] Mp = 7.81 [10.60 kN-m]
FIG. 2 Extruded Aluminum Rib Stiffeners Geometry and Nominal Properties for Design
B 864/B 864M
4.2.1 Rib stiffeners consist of either Type 1 or Type 2 at the 5.1.5 Minimum and maximum cover height over structure
option of the fabricator. Geometry, section, and mechanical topcenterline(measuredfromtheinsidecrestofthecorrugated
properties must conform to the requirements of Fig. 2. Rib plate to the finished surface of the traveled way),
stiffener spacing classes shall be as defined in 4.2.2-4.2.5 and
NOTE 2—The minimum and maximum cover height is assumed to
illustrated in Fig. 3.
apply to the entire length of the structure unless the purchaser specifies
4.2.2 Class A Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type 2
otherwise. The design specifications limit cover height to a range of
external rib stiffeners spaced at 54 in. [1372 mm] center-to-
between 1.4 ft and 5.0 ft [0.43 m and 1.52 m]. Small deviations in the
height of cover can make a significant difference in the design. It is
center.
recommended that the purchaser specify minimum and maximum cover
4.2.3 Class B Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type 2
heights to the nearest 0.1 ft [30 mm].
external rib stiffeners spaced at 27 in. [686 mm] center-to-
center. 5.1.6 Dead load unit weight, if different than 120 lb/ft
3[1920 kg/m ],
4.2.4 Class C Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type
2 external rib stiffeners spaced at 18 in. [457 mm] center-to- 5.1.7 Structure live load vehicle configuration, if different
than AASHTO HS 20-44 (see AASHTO Standard Specifica-
center.
tions for Highway Bridges),
4.2.5 Class D Spacing, consisting of either Type 1 or Type
2 external rib stiffeners spaced at 9 in. [229 mm] center-to- 5.1.8 Corrugated footing pads or full invert plates, if re-
quired. For box culverts not supported on concrete footings,
center.
allowable foundation bearing capacity, if different than 2
5. Ordering Information
tons/ft [192 kPa],
5.1 Orders for products specified herein shall include the
NOTE 3—Design procedures for corrugated footing pads or full invert
following information required as necessary to adequately
plates are beyond the scope of this specification. However, general
describe the desired product characteristics:
considerations for design of structural plate arch footings are given in
5.1.1 Name of product (corrugated aluminum box culvert),
Practice B 790/B 790M. Also, specific design criteria for similar applica-
5.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue, as B XXX-____ tions are available in the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway
Bridges.
for inch-pound units or B XXXM-____ for SI units,
5.1.3 Number of structures,
5.1.9 End treatment (bevel, skew, grade or slope correc-
5.1.4 Nominal dimensions of each structure including the
tions, corrugated aluminum headwalls, cut-off walls, or other
rise, span, length (measured along the bottom centerline), and
special provision), if required,
cross sectional area required,
NOTE 4—End conditions involving beveled or skewed cut ends may
NOTE 1—The nominal length increment is 2.25 ft [0.68 m]. Special require a structural support wall or collar. The design procedures for these
lengths can be provided. end treatments as well as for vertical headwalls are beyond the scope of
this specification.
5.1.10 Other special requirements such as stubs, tap-ins,
saddles, elbows, etc., if required, and
5.1.11 Material certification, if required (see 13.1).
NOTE 5—Typical ordering information may be described as: ( 1) One
corrugated aluminum box culvert, in accordance with ASTM B XXX-
____, 7 ft, 3 in. rise by 20 ft, 6 in. span by 45 ft long, having a 1.4 ft
minimum cover and a 3.0 ft maximum cover, with full invert plates; or (
2) Two corrugated aluminum box culverts, in accordance with ASTM
B XXXM-____, each being 1.96 m rise by 4.67 m span by 18.3 m long,
eachhaving0.43mminimumandmaximumcovers,assumingadeadload
unit weight of 2162 kg/m , having full invert plates and having ends slope
adjusted for 2 % grade, including certification.
6. Design Properties
6.1 The required plastic moment capacities shall be deter-
mined for the crown and haunch segments of the box culvert in
accordance with the ordering information and AASHTO Stan-
dard Specifications for Highway Bridges.TheAASHTO speci-
fication is applicable for the range of geometric limits given in
Fig. 1 and Table 1.
7. Materials
7.1 The corrugated plate material utilized for the shell shall
be fabricated from aluminum sheet or plate conforming to the
chemical, mechanical, thickness and shape requirements of
Specification B 746/B 746M. Section properties for the corru-
Ribs are either Type 1 or Type 2.
FIG. 3 Rib Stiffener Spacing Classes gated plate are provided in Practice B 790/B 790M.
B 864/B 864M
TABLE 1 Geometric Limits of Box Culverts
corrugated shell to match the arrangement, number, and
A
Elements Minimum Maximum spacing of bolt holes in the stiffeners. The layout of the
stiffeners relative to the corrugated shell shall be in accordance
Span (S) 8.75 ft [2.67 m] 25.42 ft [7.75 m]
Rise (R) 2.50 ft [0.76 m] 10.50 ft [3.20 m]
with 4.2 for the stiffener type and spacing class required by the
Radius of crown(r ) . 24.79 ft [7.56 m]
c
design.
Radius of haunch(r ) 2.50 ft [0.76 m] .
h
8.4 Rib stiffeners that are designed to be continuous around
Haunch angle (D) 50° 70°
Length of leg (D) 0.50 ft [0.15 m] 5.2 ft [1.59 m]
the periphery of the crown and haunch, but that are not
B
Length of rib on leg (t) .
fabricated in one piece, shall be provided with splice connec-
A
See Fig. 1 for illustration of geometric elements.
tions at the intermediate ends. The design of the splice shall be
B
Minimum 19 in. [483 mm] or length of leg (D) minus 3 in. [76 mm], whichever
adequate to develop the bending and axial loads carried by the
is less.
rib stiffener at the location of the splice.
8.5 Rib stiffeners shall be provided with adequate bolted
7.2 Rib stiffeners shall be extruded shapes conforming to
connectors to resist the beam shear that develops between the
the chemical and mechanical requirements of Specification
stiffener and the shell due to the moment requirements de-
B 221/B 221M for 6061-T6. Their dimensions and the re-
scribed in 6.1.
quired, nominal section properties developed are shown in Fig.
8.6 Corrugated footing and invert plates shall be fabricated
2.
in accordance with Specification B 746/B 746M.
7.3 Corrugated aluminum footing and invert members,
8.7 Special members for headwalls, cut-off walls, etc. and
when specified, shall conform to the same material require-
special plates forming skewed ends, beveled ends, or curved
ments as 7.1. Thickness shall be as required by the design (see
alignment, when required, shall be accurately cut to fit the
Note 3) and shall not be less than 0.100 in. [2.5 mm].
requirements of the ordering information. Cut edges of mem-
7.4 Corrugated aluminum headwalls, when specified, shall
bers shall not contain excessive notches, gouges, or burrs, and
conform to the same material requirements as 7.1. Aluminum
shall present a workmanlike finish.
walers, tie-back rods, deadman anchors, and other aluminum
structural members shall conform to the mechanical and 9. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
chemical requirements of 7.2. Any steel tie-back rods, dead-
9.1 Furnished box culvert dimensions shall not vary from
man anchors, or other steel structural member shall meet the
the ordered sizes by more than the permissible amounts given
requirements of Specification A 36/A 36M. Where they are
in Table 2, except as noted in 9.2 and 9.3.
installed in contact with aluminum members steel members
9.2 When agreed upon between the purchaser and the
shall be hot-dip galvanized after fabrication in accordance with
fabricator, the span dimension furnished may exceed the limits
the coating requirements of Specification A 123/A 123M. The
given in Table 2. However, the cross-sectional area furnished
thickness, shape, and dimensions of headwall and incidental
shall not be less than that ordered. Also, the actual span shall
members shall be as required by the design (see Note 4).
beusedinlieuoftheorderedspanforstructuraldesign(se
...