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ASTM D79-86(2020)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments

Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the properties and requirements for the pigment commercially known as "zinc white" or zinc oxide, which may be purchased either in the dry or paste in oil forms. Dry pigments, which may be processed either by the French process or American process, shall conform individually to required compositions of zinc oxide, total sulfur, moisture and other volatile matter, total impurities (including moisture and other volatile matter), and coarse particles (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve). Conversely, pigments in the paste in oil form shall adhere to required composition of the pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a No. 325 sieve). Pigments shall also be tested for tinting strength, and oil absorption by Gardner-Coleman and spatula rub-out methods.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment. It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint, reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contributes to mildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, and neutralization of acids formed upon oxidation of the paint film.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.  
Note 1: Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional information, see Classification D4295 and Test Methods D4315 for descriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2020
ICS
87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.31 - Pigment Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D79-86(2014) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Refers
ASTM D3280-85(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Refers
ASTM D332-87(2020) - Standard Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Visual Observation
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Refers
ASTM D332-87(2015) - Standard Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Visual Observation
Effective Date
01-Dec-2015
Refers
ASTM D280-01(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM D281-12 - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
Effective Date
15-Apr-2012
Refers
ASTM D1483-12 - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Gardner-Coleman Method
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Refers
ASTM D332-87(2011) - Standard Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Visual Observation
Effective Date
01-Feb-2011
Refers
ASTM D3280-85(2009) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009
Refers
ASTM D2745-00(2008) - Standard Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
Effective Date
01-Feb-2008
Refers
ASTM D281-95(2007) - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Refers
ASTM D1483-95(2007) - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Gardner-Coleman Method
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Refers
ASTM D185-07 - Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Refers
ASTM D280-01(2007) - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
Effective Date
01-Feb-2007
Refers
ASTM D3280-85(2004)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM D79-86(2020) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide PigmentsASTM D79-86(2020) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
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ASTM D79-86(2020) - Standard Specification for Zinc Oxide Pigments
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D79 −86 (Reapproved 2020) American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M124
Standard Specification for
Zinc Oxide Pigments
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD79;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D4295Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials—
Zinc Oxide
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially
D4315Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Material—
known as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may be
Zinc Oxide
purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.
E20Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub-
NOTE 1—Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional
stances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 Micrometres by Optical
information, see Classification D4295 and Test Methods D4315 for
Microscopy (Withdrawn 1994)
descriptions of zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. 3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment.
It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint,
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contributes to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
neutralizationofacidsformeduponoxidationofthepaintfilm.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Composition and Properties
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Dry Pigment, French Process—In the manufacture of
2. Referenced Documents
French process zinc oxide, metallic zinc is vaporized, either in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
a boiler or a refining column, and the resulting vapor is burned
D185Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
in a controlled manner in an orifice. The fine particles of zinc
D280Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other
oxide are cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by a
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
system of fabric bags. French process oxide shall conform to
D281Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
the properties listed in Table 1.
Spatula Rub-out
4.2 Dry Pigment,American Process—In the manufacture of
D332Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
American process zinc oxide, zinc ore is reduced in the
Pigments by Visual Observation
presence of a carbonaceous fuel.The resulting vapor is burned
D1483Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
in a combustion chamber, and the fine particles of zinc oxide
Gardner-Coleman Method
are cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by a
D2745Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White
systemoffabricbags.Americanprocessoxideshallconformto
Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
the properties listed in Table 1.
D3280Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
4.3 Paste in Oil—The paste shall be made by thoroughly
grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. As received it
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
shallnotbecakedinthecontainerandshallbreakupreadilyin
Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.
oil to form a smooth paint of brushing consistency. The paste
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
shall conform to the following requirements:
approvedin1921.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asD79–86(2014).DOI:
10.1520/D0079-86R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. Fo
...

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ASTM  
Method  
Refer-  
Dry Pigments
Sections  
ences  
Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
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D280  
Loss on Ignition  
7  
Coarse Particles  
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D185  
Matter Soluble in Water  
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D1208  
Organic Coloring Matter  
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Calcium Compounds (Reported as CaO)  
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Calcium Carbonate (in Venetian Red)  
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Manganese (in Siennas and Umbers)  
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Pigment Pastes in Oil  
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Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  
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Nonvolatile Matter in Vehicle  
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Moisture by Distillation  
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D1208  
Coarse Particles and Skins  
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D185  
Consistency (Stormer)  
26  
D562  
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