ASTM D79-86(2014)

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Designation: D79 − 86 (Reapproved 2009) D79 − 86 (Reapproved 2014) American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M124
Standard Specification for
Zinc Oxide Pigments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D79; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the pigments commercially known as “zinc white” or zinc oxide. The pigments may be purchased
in the dry form or as a paste in oil.
NOTE 1—Zinc oxides are used in many industries. For additional information, see Classification D4295 and Test Methods D4315 for descriptions of
zinc oxide use in rubber compounding.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
D280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
D281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
D332 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Visual Observation
D1483 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Gardner-Coleman Method
D2745 Test Method for Relative Tinting Strength of White Pigments by Reflectance Measurements
D3280 Test Methods for Analysis of White Zinc Pigments
D4295 Classification for Rubber Compounding Materials—Zinc Oxide
D4315 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding Material—Zinc Oxide
E20 Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Substances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 Micrometres by Optical Microscopy
(Withdrawn 1994)
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Zinc oxide functions as both a chemical and a pigment. It is used in a variety of applications including rubber, paint,
reprography, glass, chemicals, etc. In paint, it contributes to mildew protection, ultraviolet absorption, hiding power, and
neutralization of acids formed upon oxidation of the paint film.
4. Composition and Properties
4.1 Dry Pigment, French Process—In the manufacture of French process zinc oxide, metallic zinc is vaporized, either in a boiler
or a refining column, and the resulting vapor is burned in a controlled manner in an orifice. The fine particles of zinc oxide are
cooled enough to agglomerate and are collected by a system of fabric bags. French process oxide shall conform to the properties
listed in Table 1.
4.2 Dry Pigment, American Process—In the manufacture of American process zinc oxide, zinc ore is reduced in the presence
of a carbonaceous fuel. The resulting vapor is burned in a combustion chamber, and the fine particles of zinc oxide are cooled
enough to agglomerate and are collected by a system of fabric bags. American process oxide shall conform to the properties listed
in Table 1.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.31 on Pigment Specifications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2009Dec. 1, 2014. Published July 2009December 2014. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
D79 – 86 (2004).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D0079-86R09.10.1520/D0079-86R14.
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