ASTM D5344-99

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Designation:D5344–99
Standard Test Method for
Extension Force of Partially Oriented Yarn
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5344; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 drawing, n—in textile processing, the process of
stretching or attenuating a material to increase the length per
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of extension
unit mass.
force developed while drawing a partially oriented filament
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This process orients the molecular
yarn between pairs of draw rolls of different surface speeds.
chains in the length direction of partially oriented yarn.
1.2 Extension force provides an estimate of the yarn orien-
3.1.2 draw ratio (DR), n—therelationofthefinallengthper
tation.
unit mass to original length per unit mass of a material
1.3 This test method applies to partially oriented filament
resulting from drawing.
yarns less than 33.3 tex (300 denier), but it can be used for
3.1.3 draw texturing, n—for processing thermoplastic fi-
higher deniers by applying the test conditions as directed in
bers, the simultaneous or sequential process of drawing and
Appendix X1.
imparting crimp, thus producing increased molecular orienta-
1.4 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
tion and increased bulk.
be regarded separately as standards. Within the text, the
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The drawing and texturing stages may
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
occur in separate, usually consecutive, zones of a machine
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
(sequential draw texturing) or together in the same zone
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
(simultaneous draw texturing).
from the two systems may result in inaccuracy in the results.
3.1.4 extension, n—thechangeinlengthofamaterialdueto
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
stretching.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 extension force, n—the force required to stretch a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
material to a given length.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6 partially oriented yarn, n—filament yarn in which
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
polymer molecules are only partially aligned.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.6.1 Discussion—Additional drawing of partially ori-
ented yarn results in full orientation of the polymer molecules
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and optimizes the tensile properties of the yarn.
D 123 Terminology Related to Textiles
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
method refer to Terminology D 123.
D 2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D 2904 Practice for InterlaboratoryTesting of aTextileTest
4. Summary of Test Method
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data
4.1 Partially oriented filament yarn withdrawn from a pack-
D 2906 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
age is pretensioned, heated, and drawn on an instrument under
for Textiles
conditions similar to those used in the draw-texturing process.
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
Atension measuring head senses the force required to draw the
TEX-PAC
running yarn a specified amount of its original length under
3. Terminology
given conditions.
3.1 Definitions:
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
tance testing of commercial shipments because current esti-
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarn Test Methods,
mates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the
General.
method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1999. Published November 1999. Originally
e1
published as D 5344 – 93. Last previous edition D 5344 – 93 .
5.1.1 If there are differences or practical signficance be-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
PC programs on floppy disks are available through ASTM. For a 3 ⁄2-in. or
comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is
5 ⁄2-in. disk request ADJD2904.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5344
a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical each test package to avoid testing nonrepresentative yarn. No
assistance. As a minimum, the test samples to be used are as preconditioning is required.
homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from
NOTE 1—Preconditioningisgenerallynotadvisablebecauseitprolongs
which the disparate test results are obtained, and are assigned
the time required for conditioning.
randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing.
8.2 Bring the specimens in package form to moisture
Other materials with established test values may be used for
equilibrium for testing in the standard atmosphere for testing
this purpose. The test results from the two laboratories should
textiles 216 1°C (70 6 2°F) and 65 6 2 % relative humidity
be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a
in accordance with Practice D 1776. A 24-h period is usually
probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is
sufficient.
found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future
test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known
9. Procedure
bias.
9.1 Perform all tests in the standard atmosphere for testing
5.2 Elapsedtimebetweenspinningandtestinghasamarked
textiles,whichis21 61°Cor70 62°Fand65° 62 %relative
effect on the results of the draw tension test, especially during
humidity.
the first 24 h. Therefore, if tested within 24 h of spinning,
9.2 Calibrate the test instrument as specified by the manu-
specimens should be compared only if tested after the same
facturer. Test certified control packages and evaluate them
elapsed time. No specimen should be tested within4hof
using statistical procedures to verify calibration.
spinning because the aging process is at its most rapid rate
9.3 Test Conditions:
during this period, and the differences in rate due to fiber
9.3.1 Use the test conditions as specified in Table 1 for to
structure are most pronounced.
the instrument being used. The use of these conditions will
5.3 The extension force of manufactured filament yarns is
allow for the direct comparison of test results from the two
related to the alignment of the molecules in the yarn filaments,
instruments.
which influences the yarn processing behavior. Knowledge of
NOTE 2—Due to the difference in heater length on the two test
this property of partially oriented yarn is useful to determine
instruments, the draw roll speed is different to maintain the same dwell
processing conditions.
time of the yarn in the heater. It is important to maintain the same dwell
time in the heater at a given heat to assure reproducible data for extension
6. Apparatus
force test.
,
4 5
6.1 Extension Force Measuring Instrument, which will
NOTE 3—For conditions other than those given in 9.3.1, see Appendix
X1 for test condition optimization, which provides for direct comparison
perform the test on a running threadline. This instrument
between users.
should include the following: (1) an input section to withdraw
the yarn from a package and position the yarn for delivery to
9.4 Procedure for Testing Specimens:
the drawing section and establish constant tension, (2)a
9.4.1 Removesurfaceyarnfromtheoutsideofeachpackage
drawing section that should include a constant heat source to
immediately before the test is run to remove damaged or
provide for the extension of the yarn, and (3) a means of
disturbed yarn.
reco
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