ASTM D560-96

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 560 – 96
Standard Test Methods for
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Freezing and Thawing Compacted Soil-Cement Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 560; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * D 2168 Test Methods for Calibration of Laboratory
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Mechanical-Rammer Soil Compactors
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determining
D 3740 Practice for the Minimum Requirements for Agen-
the soil-cement losses, moisture changes, and volume changes
cies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and
(swell and shrinkage) produced by repeated freezing and
3
Rock Used in Engineering Design and Construction
thawing of hardened soil-cement specimens. The specimens
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
are compacted in a mold, before cement hydration, to maxi-
4
poses
mum density at optimum water content using the compaction
procedure described in Test Methods D 558.
3. Significance and Use
1.2 Two test methods, depending on soil gradation, are
3.1 These test methods are used to determine the resistance
covered for preparation of material for molding specimens and
of compacted soil-cement specimens to repeated freezing and
for molding specimens as follows:
thawing. These test methods were developed to be used in
Sections
conjunction with Test Methods D 559 and criteria given in the
Test Method A, using soil material passing a No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
5
This method shall be used when 100 % of the soil sample passes 5
Soil-Cement Laboratory Handbook to determine the mini-
the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve
mum amount of cement required in soil-cement to achieve a
3
Test Method B, using soil material passing a ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
degree of hardness adequate to resist field weathering.
This method shall be used when part of the soil sample is retained
on the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. This test method may be used only 6
3 NOTE 1—The agency performing these test methods can be evaluated in
on those materials that have 30 % or less retained on the ⁄4-in.
(19.0 mm) sieve accordance with Practice D 3740. Not withstanding statements on preci-
sion and bias contained in these test methods: the precision of these test
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
methods is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet
information only.
the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of
competent and objective testing. Users of these test methods are cautioned
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not, in itself, ensure reliable
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D 3740
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
provides a means of evaluating some of these factors.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Mold—A cylindrical metal mold having a capacity of
2. Referenced Documents
3 3
1
⁄30 6 0.0004 ft (944 6 11 cm ) with an internal diameter of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.0 6 0.016 in. (101.60 6 0.41 mm) and conforming to Fig. 1
2
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
to permit preparing compacted specimens of soil-cement
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C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
mixtures of this size. The mold shall be provided with a
D 558 Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of
1
detachable collar assembly approximately 2 ⁄2 in. (63.5 mm) in
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Soil-Cement Mixtures
height. The mold may be of the split type consisting of two
D 559 Test Methods for Wetting-and-Drying Tests of Com-
half-round sections or a section of pipe with one side split
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pacted Soil-Cement Mixtures
perpendicular to the pipe circumference and that can be
securely locked in place to form a closed cylinder having the
dimensions described above. The mold and collar assembly
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on
shall be so constructed that it can be fastened firmly to a
Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on
detachable base.
Stabilization of Additives.
Current edition approved May 10, 1996. Published July 1996. Originally
published as D 560 – 39. Last previous edition D 560 – 89.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 04.01 and 04.02. A
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