ASTM D1688-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Copper in Water
Standard Test Methods for Copper in Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Copper is found in naturally occurring minerals principally as a sulfide, oxide, or carbonate. It makes up approximately 0.01 % of the earth's crust and is obtained commercially from such ores as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2). Copper is also found in biological complexes such as hemocyanin.
4.2 Copper enters water supplies through the natural process of dissolution of minerals, through industrial effluents, through its use, as copper sulfate, to control biological growth in some reservoirs and distribution systems, and through corrosion of copper alloy water pipes. Industries whose wastewaters may contain significant concentrations of copper include mining, ammunition production, and most metal plating and finishing operations. It may occur in simple ionic form or in one of many complexes with such groups as cyanide, chloride, ammonia, or organic ligands.
4.3 Although its salts, particularly copper sulfate, inhibit biological growth such as some algae and bacteria, copper is considered essential to human nutrition and is not considered a toxic chemical at concentrations normally found in water supplies.
4.4 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of copper in water by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Section 34 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Three test methods are included as follows:
Test Method
Concentration
Range
Sections
A—Atomic Absorption,
Direct
0.05 to 5 mg/L
7 – 15
B—Atomic Absorption,
Chelation-Extraction
50 to 500 μg/L
16 – 24
C—Atomic Absorption,
Graphite Furnace
5 to 100 μg/L
25 – 33
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable copper may be determined. Determination of dissolved copper requires filtration through a 0.45-μm (11.10) membrane filter at the time of collection. In-line membrane filtration is preferable.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 Three former photometric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 11.3, 11.9.1, 20.10, and 22.11.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1688 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Copper in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1688; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of copper in
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
water by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Section 34 on
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Three test
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
methods are included as follows:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
Concentration
Test Method Sections
Range D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 5 mg/L 7–15
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
Direct
D1691 Test Methods for Zinc in Water
B—Atomic Absorption, 50 to 500 µg/L 16–24
Chelation-Extraction D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
C—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 100 µg/L 25–33
D1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-
Graphite Furnace
Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable copper may be
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
determined. Determination of dissolved copper requires filtra-
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
tion through a 0.45-µm (11.10) membrane filter at the time of
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
collection. In-line membrane filtration is preferable.
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by
conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
tion only and are not considered standard.
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
1.4 Three former photometric test methods were discontin-
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
ued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
D5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively
Coupled Plasma—Mass Spectrometry
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3. Terminology
statements, see 11.3, 11.9.1, 20.10, and 22.11.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Terminology D1129.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.1 continuing calibration blank, n—a solution containing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
no analytes (of interest) which is used to verify blank response
and freedom from carryover.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
2
Constituents in Water. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2017.PublishedJuly2017.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1688 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D1688-17. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1688 − 17
3.2.2 continuing calibration verification, n—a solution (or 6. Sampling
setofsolutions)ofknownconcentrationusedtoverifyfreedom
6.1 Collect the sample i
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1688 − 12 D1688 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Copper in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1688; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of copper in water by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Section 34 on
Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Three test methods are included as follows:
Concentration
Test Method Sections
Range
A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 5 mg/L 7 – 15
Direct
B—Atomic Absorption, 50 to 500 μg/L 16 – 24
Chelation-Extraction
C—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 100 μg/L 25 – 33
Graphite Furnace
Test Method Concentration
Range Sections
A—Atomic Absorption, 0.05 to 5 mg/L 7 – 15
Direct
B—Atomic Absorption, 50 to 500 μg/L 16 – 24
Chelation-Extraction
C—Atomic Absorption, 5 to 100 μg/L 25 – 33
Graphite Furnace
1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable copper may be determined. Determination of dissolved copper requires filtration
through a 0.45-μm (No.(11.10 325) ) membrane filter at the time of collection. In-line membrane filtration is preferable.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedgiven
in each system are mathematical conversions and may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently
of the other.parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.4 Three former photometric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Note 411.3, Note 611.9.1, Note 1020.10, and Note 1622.11.
1.5 Three former photometric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1068 Test Methods for Iron in Water
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published September 2012July 2017. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
D1688 – 07.D1688 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D1688-12.10.1520/D1688-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1688 − 17
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1687 Test Methods for Chromium in Water
D1691 Test Methods for Zinc in Water
D1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D1976 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
D3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
D3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing
...
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